Career/Technical Education Teachers, Secondary School
Educational Instruction and Library Occupations- O*NET-SOC code
- 25-2032.00
Teach occupational, vocational, career, or technical subjects to students at the secondary school level.
- Data source: BLSPublished: 2026-08
High· relative
LowFour relative bandsVery highGroup-level value
Scale, basis and source
Four relative bands (Low / Moderate / High / Very high)
831 detailed occupations in the BLS Employment Projections table. Assigned per National Employment Matrix (NEM) code, so occupations sharing a NEM code carry the same band
- Data source: AnthropicPublished: 2026-03
0.000
0.000Range of values carried here0.745Scale, basis and source
Observed exposure index, 0–1 as published
Mapped onto O*NET tasks
Published per SOC 2018 occupation; every O*NET occupation with the same SOC 2018 code carries this value
- Data source: ILOPublished: 2025
0.35
0.09Range of values carried here0.70Group-level value
Scale, basis and source
Generative AI exposure index, 0–1 as published
Published per ISCO-08 unit group. Linked to this occupation, wholly or in part, by applying U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (ISCO-08 to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to 2018 SOC) as published
What kind of figure this source publishes
The BLS category is a relative rank, not an absolute level, and it is not a first-hand measurement: it groups an occupation's percentile ranks across several published studies into four bands. It is not an employment or wage forecast, not a probability of adoption, and it does not separate automation from augmentation.
Task-level exposure
Show 19 hidden tasks33 rated tasks · 17 tasks with β ≥ 0.5 (51.5%)
β = direct exposure (E1) + 0.5 × exposure when tools are available (E2), per the source repository's definition.
- Source unit: O*NET 27.2 tasks → O*NET 31.0 occupation code
- All rated tasks are in the O*NET 31.0 task list.
- Source
- OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
- Release
- gh-main-0471612
- License
- MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI
| Task (O*NET 20.1) | Claude.aiRaw / share % |
|---|---|
Plan and conduct activities for a balanced program of instruction, demonstration, and work time that provides students with opportunities to observe, question, and investigate.25-2032.00 | 0.084225.9 |
Instruct students in the knowledge and skills required in a specific occupation or occupational field, using a systematic plan of lectures, discussions, audio-visual presentations, and laboratory, shop and field studies.25-2032.00 | 0.082025.2 |
Guide and counsel students with adjustment or academic problems, or special academic interests.25-2032.00 | 0.064619.9 |
Prepare, administer, and grade tests and assignments to evaluate students' progress.25-2032.00 | 0.03019.3 |
Use computers, audio-visual aids, and other equipment and materials to supplement presentations.25-2032.00 | 0.01294.0 |
Instruct students individually and in groups, using various teaching methods, such as lectures, discussions, and demonstrations.25-2032.00 | 0.01173.6 |
Observe and evaluate students' performance, behavior, social development, and physical health.25-2032.00 | 0.01093.4 |
Prepare objectives and outlines for courses of study, following curriculum guidelines or requirements of states and schools.25-2032.00 | 0.00782.4 |
Meet with parents and guardians to discuss their children's progress and to determine priorities for their children and their resource needs.25-2032.00 | 0.00551.7 |
Prepare reports on students and activities as required by administration.25-2032.00 | 0.00401.2 |
Meet with other professionals to discuss individual students' needs and progress.25-2032.00 | 0.00381.2 |
Establish clear objectives for all lessons, units, and projects and communicate those objectives to students.25-2032.00 | 0.00300.9 |
Prepare and implement remedial programs for students requiring extra help.25-2032.00 | 0.00290.9 |
Confer with other staff members to plan and schedule lessons promoting learning, following approved curricula.25-2032.00 | 0.00200.6 |
Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.
| Task (O*NET 27.2) | βE1 + 0.5 × E2 |
|---|---|
Maintain accurate and complete student records as required by law, district policy, and administrative regulations.O*NET Task ID 6672 | 1.0 |
Establish clear objectives for all lessons, units, and projects, and communicate those objectives to students.O*NET Task ID 6682 | 1.0 |
Prepare objectives and outlines for courses of study, following curriculum guidelines or requirements of states and schools.O*NET Task ID 6687 | 1.0 |
Prepare reports on students and activities as required by administration.O*NET Task ID 6693 | 1.0 |
Attend professional meetings, educational conferences, and teacher training workshops to maintain and improve professional competence.O*NET Task ID 6696 | 1.0 |
Plan and conduct activities for a balanced program of instruction, demonstration, and work time that provides students with opportunities to observe, question, and investigate.O*NET Task ID 6677 | 0.5 |
Prepare, administer, and grade tests and assignments to evaluate students' progress.O*NET Task ID 6678 | 0.5 |
Assign and grade class work and homework.O*NET Task ID 6680 | 0.5 |
Instruct students in the knowledge and skills required in a specific occupation or occupational field, using a systematic plan of lectures, discussions, audio-visual presentations, and laboratory, shop, and field studies.O*NET Task ID 6681 | 0.5 |
Use computers, audio-visual aids, and other equipment and materials to supplement presentations.O*NET Task ID 6683 | 0.5 |
Prepare students for later grades by encouraging them to explore learning opportunities and to persevere with challenging tasks.O*NET Task ID 6685 | 0.5 |
Select, order, store, issue, and inventory classroom equipment, materials, and supplies.O*NET Task ID 6689 | 0.5 |
Keep informed about trends in education and subject matter specialties.O*NET Task ID 6690 | 0.5 |
Prepare and implement remedial programs for students requiring extra help.O*NET Task ID 6692 | 0.5 |
Collaborate with other teachers and administrators in the development, evaluation, and revision of secondary school programs.O*NET Task ID 6698 | 0.5 |
Place students in jobs, or make referrals to job placement services.O*NET Task ID 6699 | 0.5 |
Confer with other staff members to plan and schedule lessons promoting learning, following approved curricula.O*NET Task ID 6700 | 0.5 |
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page
All O*NET 31.0 task statements (33)
All O*NET 31.0 task statements for this occupation (English, as published; task type core or supplemental). Exposure values are not listed here; they are in the table above, next to each task statement as worded in the O*NET version each source used.
| Task (O*NET 31.0) | Type |
|---|---|
| Prepare materials and classroom for class activities. | Core |
| Maintain accurate and complete student records as required by law, district policy, and administrative regulations. | Core |
| Instruct students individually and in groups, using various teaching methods, such as lectures, discussions, and demonstrations. | Core |
| Establish and enforce rules for behavior and procedures for maintaining order among students. | Core |
| Observe and evaluate students' performance, behavior, social development, and physical health. | Core |
| Instruct and monitor students in the use and care of equipment and materials to prevent injury and damage. | Core |
| Plan and conduct activities for a balanced program of instruction, demonstration, and work time that provides students with opportunities to observe, question, and investigate. | Core |
| Prepare, administer, and grade tests and assignments to evaluate students' progress. | Core |
| Enforce all administration policies and rules governing students. | Core |
| Assign and grade class work and homework. | Core |
| Instruct students in the knowledge and skills required in a specific occupation or occupational field, using a systematic plan of lectures, discussions, audio-visual presentations, and laboratory, shop, and field studies. | Core |
| Establish clear objectives for all lessons, units, and projects, and communicate those objectives to students. | Core |
| Use computers, audio-visual aids, and other equipment and materials to supplement presentations. | Core |
| Plan and supervise work-experience programs in businesses, industrial shops, and school laboratories. | Core |
| Prepare students for later grades by encouraging them to explore learning opportunities and to persevere with challenging tasks. | Core |
| Confer with parents or guardians, other teachers, counselors, and administrators to resolve students' behavioral and academic problems. | Core |
| Prepare objectives and outlines for courses of study, following curriculum guidelines or requirements of states and schools. | Core |
| Guide and counsel students with adjustments, academic problems, or special academic interests. | Core |
| Select, order, store, issue, and inventory classroom equipment, materials, and supplies. | Core |
| Keep informed about trends in education and subject matter specialties. | Core |
| Meet with other professionals to discuss individual students' needs and progress. | Core |
| Prepare and implement remedial programs for students requiring extra help. | Core |
| Prepare reports on students and activities as required by administration. | Core |
| Meet with parents and guardians to discuss their children's progress and to determine priorities for their children and their resource needs. | Core |
| Plan and supervise class projects, field trips, visits by guest speakers or other experiential activities, and guide students in learning from those activities. | Core |
| Attend professional meetings, educational conferences, and teacher training workshops to maintain and improve professional competence. | Core |
| Sponsor extracurricular activities, such as clubs, student organizations, and academic contests. | Core |
| Collaborate with other teachers and administrators in the development, evaluation, and revision of secondary school programs. | Core |
| Place students in jobs, or make referrals to job placement services. | Core |
| Confer with other staff members to plan and schedule lessons promoting learning, following approved curricula. | Core |
| Attend staff meetings and serve on committees, as required. | Core |
| Provide students with disabilities with assistive devices, supportive technology, and assistance accessing facilities, such as restrooms. | Core |
| Perform administrative duties, such as school library assistance, hall and cafeteria monitoring, and bus loading and unloading. | Supplemental |
0.02/ 3· Robot exposure index
Scale, basis and source
Each physical task is graded 0–3 by the setting in which robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated could do it (0 none · 1 purpose-built robot settings such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line · 2 structured facilities such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port · 3 unstructured settings such as a private home or a construction site), and the grades are averaged by share of working time
Physical tasks among this occupation's O*NET 29.3 tasks
Anthropic estimated the grades and time shares with Claude Opus 5 using web search, as of 2026.
The robot exposure index is a different measure from the AI exposure figures on this site and cannot be added to or compared with them. It does not measure actual adoption or cost, and 0 also covers occupations with no physical tasks.
Tier of each physical task
Robot environment tiers (E0–E3)
E0 noneDetails
Rated not doable by robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated, even in a purpose-built setting
E1 purpose-built robot settingsDetails
Rated doable in a setting built around the machine, such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line
E2 structured facilitiesDetails
Rated doable in a human work facility that an institution keeps to a working standard, such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port
E3 unstructured settingsDetails
Rated doable in a setting that no institution keeps to a working standard, such as a private home or a construction site
Only tasks classified as physical are listed; other tasks have no tier in the source.
| Task (O*NET 29.3) | Robot environment tier |
|---|---|
| Prepare materials and classroom for class activities. | E0 none |
| Instruct and monitor students in the use and care of equipment and materials to prevent injury and damage. | E0 none |
| Plan and conduct activities for a balanced program of instruction, demonstration, and work time that provides students with opportunities to observe, question, and investigate. | E0 none |
| Instruct students in the knowledge and skills required in a specific occupation or occupational field, using a systematic plan of lectures, discussions, audio-visual presentations, and laboratory, shop, and field studies. | E0 none |
| Use computers, audio-visual aids, and other equipment and materials to supplement presentations. | E0 none |
| Select, order, store, issue, and inventory classroom equipment, materials, and supplies. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Perform administrative duties, such as school library assistance, hall and cafeteria monitoring, and bus loading and unloading. | E0 none |
| Provide students with disabilities with assistive devices, supportive technology, and assistance accessing facilities, such as restrooms. | E0 none |
Occupation information
Employment outlook (BLS)
- Employment, 2025
- 111K
- Projected employment, 2035
- 110K
- Change (2025–35)
- -0.4%
- Median annual wage, 2025
- $66,270
- Typical education needed for entry
- Bachelor's degree
Korea classification links (KSCO)
Links from the current release of the Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1, made by AI Changing Work. Relation values are read from the O*NET-SOC occupation side.
| KSCO code | KSCO title | Relation | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| 26216 | 전문기술 교사 | This occupation is narrower | confirmed |
Relation and status definitions(kr-direct v1.1)
ILO occupational description
AI Changing Work links the ISCO-08 unit groups below to this occupation by applying the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (2018 SOC to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to ISCO-08) as published, without case-by-case selection; each link may be whole or partial.
- ISCO-08 2320Vocational Education Teachers
The definition, tasks and examples below are the ILO's description of that unit group, not of this occupation.
Vocational education teachers teach or instruct vocational or occupational subjects in adult and further education institutions and to senior students in secondary schools and colleges. They prepare students for employment in specific occupations or occupational areas for which university or higher education is not normally required.
Tasks
- (a) developing curricula and planning course content and methods of instruction;
- (b) determining training needs of students or workers and liaising with individuals, industry and other education sectors to ensure provision of relevant education and training programmes;
- (c) presenting lectures and conducting discussions to increase students' knowledge and competence;
- (d) instructing and monitoring students in the use of tools, equipment and materials and the prevention of injury and damage;
- (e) observing and evaluating students' work to determine progress, provide feedback, and make suggestions for improvement;
- (f) administering oral, written or performance tests to measure progress, evaluate training effectiveness and assess competency;
- (g) preparing reports and maintaining records such as student grades, attendance rolls, and training activity details;
- (h) supervising independent or group projects, field placements, laboratory work or other training;
- (i) providing individualized instruction and tutorial or remedial instruction;
- (j) conducting on-the-job training sessions to teach and demonstrate principles, techniques, procedures, or methods of designated subjects.
Example occupations
Automotive technology instructor · Cosmetology instructor · Vocational education teacher
Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits
ESCO occupational vocabulary
Each entry below is matched to this occupation in the published ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk (version 1, 2022). The match types are that crosswalk's; the wording is AI Changing Work's.
- secondary school teacherESCO 2330.1This occupation is narrower
Secondary school teachers provide education to students, commonly children and young adults, in a secondary school setting. They are usually specialist subject teachers, who instruct in their own field of study. They prepare lesson plans and materials, monitor the students' progress, assist individually when necessary and evaluate their knowledge and performance through assignments, tests and examinations.
- agriculture, forestry and fishery vocational teacherESCO 2320.1.1This occupation is broader
Agriculture, forestry and fishery vocational teachers instruct students in their specialised field of study, agriculture, forestry and fishery, which is predominantly practical in nature. They provide theoretical instruction in service of the practical skills and techniques the students must subsequently master for an agriculture, forestry or fishery profession. Agriculture, forestry and fishery vocational teachers monitor the students' progress, assist individually when necessary, and evaluate their knowledge and performance on the subject of agriculture, forestry and fishery through assignments, tests and examinations.
- business and marketing vocational teacherESCO 2320.1.7This occupation is broader
Business and marketing vocational teachers instruct students in their specialised field of study, sales and marketing, which is predominantly practical in nature. They provide theoretical instruction in service of the practical skills and techniques the students must subsequently master for a sales and marketing-related profession. Business and marketing vocational teachers monitor the students' progress, assist individually when necessary, and evaluate their knowledge and performance on the subject of sales and marketing through assignments, tests and examinations.
- design and applied arts vocational teacherESCO 2320.1.9This occupation is broader
Design and applied arts vocational teachers instruct students in their specialised field of study, applied arts and crafts, which is predominantly practical in nature. They provide theoretical instruction in service of the practical skills and techniques the students must subsequently master for an applied arts and crafts profession, such as graphic designer or interior designer. Design and applied arts vocational teachers monitor the students' progress, assist individually when necessary, and evaluate their knowledge and performance on the subject of applied arts and crafts through assignments, tests and examinations.
- food service vocational teacherESCO 2320.1.13This occupation is broader
Food service vocational teachers for food service instruct students in their specialised field of study, food service, which is predominantly practical in nature. They provide theoretical instruction in service of the practical skills and techniques the students must subsequently master for a food service-related profession. Food service vocational teachers monitor the students' progress, assist individually when necessary, and evaluate their knowledge and performance on the subject of food service through assignments, tests and examinations.
- hospitality vocational teacherESCO 2320.1.15This occupation is broader
Hospitality vocational teachers instruct students in their specialised field of study, hospitality, which is predominantly practical in nature. They provide theoretical instruction in service of the practical skills and techniques the students must subsequently master for a hospitality-related profession, such as hotel receptionist or housekeeper. Hospitality vocational teachers monitor the students' progress, assist individually when necessary, and evaluate their knowledge and performance on the subject of hospitality through assignments, tests and examinations.
- industrial arts vocational teacherESCO 2320.1.16This occupation is broader
Industrial arts vocational teachers instruct students in their specialised field of study, industrial arts, which is predominantly practical in nature. They provide theoretical instruction in service of the practical skills and techniques the students must subsequently master for an industrial arts-related profession, working with wood and metal, such as carpenter or sheet metal worker. Industrial arts vocational teachers monitor the students' progress, assist individually when necessary, and evaluate their knowledge and performance on the subject of industrial arts through assignments, tests and examinations.
- transport technology vocational teacherESCO 2320.1.23This occupation is broader
Transport technology vocational teachers instruct students in their specialised field of study, transport technology, which is predominantly practical in nature. They provide theoretical instruction in service of the practical skills and techniques the students must subsequently master for a transport technology-related profession, such as automotive brake technician. Transport technology vocational teachers monitor the students' progress, assist individually when necessary, and evaluate their knowledge and performance on the subject of transport technology through assignments, tests and examinations.
- travel and tourism vocational teacherESCO 2320.1.24This occupation is broader
Travel and tourism vocational teachers instruct students in their specialised field of study, travel and tourism, which is predominantly practical in nature. They provide theoretical instruction in service of the practical skills and techniques the students must subsequently master for a travel and tourism-related profession. Travel and tourism vocational teachers monitor the students' progress, assist individually when necessary, and evaluate their knowledge and performance on the subject of travel and tourism through assignments, tests and examinations.
- vocational teacherESCO 2320.1This occupation is broader
Vocational teachers instruct students in their specialised field of study, which is predominantly practical in nature. They provide theoretical instruction in service of the practical skills and techniques that the students must subsequently master in the specialised vocation of their choice and aid in the development of the according attitudes and values. Vocational teachers monitor the students progress, assist individually when necessary, and evaluate their knowledge and performance on the subject through assignments, tests and examinations.
Source: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)
License: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)
ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.
France classification links (ROME)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and ROME 4.0 job profiles, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side. Links marked “provisional” were adopted on the judgments of two judges from the same model family (Claude) alone, or by an operator rule applied to their judgments, so they rest on weaker evidence than confirmed links.
| ROME code | ROME title (French) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| K2109 | Professeur / Professeure d'enseignement technologique | This occupation is narrowerprovisional |
| K2147 | Chef / Cheffe de travaux dans l'enseignement technique | Related, not a matchprovisional |
Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.
ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)
Spain classification links (CNO-11)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and CNO-11 occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| CNO-11 code | CNO-11 title (Spanish) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 2220 | Profesores de formación profesional (materias específicas) | This occupation is narrower |
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)
Germany classification links (KldB)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and KldB occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| KldB code | KldB title (German) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 84214 | Lehrkräfte für berufsbildende Fächer - hoch komplexe Tätigkeiten | This occupation is narrowerprovisional |
| 84213 | Lehrkräfte für berufsbildende Fächer - komplexe Spezialistentätigkeiten | Related, not a matchprovisional |
Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)
Japan classification links (JSCO)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and JSCO occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| JSCO code | JSCO title (Japanese) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 194 | 高等学校教員 | This occupation is narrowerprovisional |
Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)
Sources, licenses and AI Changing Work's modification and translation notices for this page: Credits & sources