- O*NET-SOC code
- 25-4011.00
Appraise, edit, and direct safekeeping of permanent records and historically valuable documents. Participate in research activities based on archival materials.
- Data source: BLSPublished: 2026-08
Very high· relative
LowFour relative bandsVery highGroup-level value
Scale, basis and source
Four relative bands (Low / Moderate / High / Very high)
831 detailed occupations in the BLS Employment Projections table. Assigned per National Employment Matrix (NEM) code, so occupations sharing a NEM code carry the same band
- Data source: AnthropicPublished: 2026-03
0.135
0.000Range of values carried here0.745Scale, basis and source
Observed exposure index, 0–1 as published
Mapped onto O*NET tasks
Published per SOC 2018 occupation; every O*NET occupation with the same SOC 2018 code carries this value
- Data source: ILOPublished: 2025
0.47
0.09Range of values carried here0.70Group-level value
Scale, basis and source
Generative AI exposure index, 0–1 as published
Published per ISCO-08 unit group. Linked to this occupation, wholly or in part, by applying U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (ISCO-08 to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to 2018 SOC) as published
What kind of figure this source publishes
The BLS category is a relative rank, not an absolute level, and it is not a first-hand measurement: it groups an occupation's percentile ranks across several published studies into four bands. It is not an employment or wage forecast, not a probability of adoption, and it does not separate automation from augmentation.
Task-level exposure
Show 1 hidden task13 rated tasks · 12 tasks with β ≥ 0.5 (92.3%)
β = direct exposure (E1) + 0.5 × exposure when tools are available (E2), per the source repository's definition.
- Source unit: O*NET 27.2 tasks → O*NET 31.0 occupation code
- All rated tasks are in the O*NET 31.0 task list.
- Source
- OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
- Release
- gh-main-0471612
- License
- MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI
Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.
| Task (O*NET 27.2) | βE1 + 0.5 × E2 |
|---|---|
Prepare archival records, such as document descriptions, to allow easy access to information.O*NET Task ID 7635 | 1.0 |
Create and maintain accessible, retrievable computer archives and databases, incorporating current advances in electronic information storage technology.O*NET Task ID 7630 | 0.5 |
Organize archival records and develop classification systems to facilitate access to archival materials.O*NET Task ID 7631 | 0.5 |
Authenticate and appraise historical documents and archival materials.O*NET Task ID 7632 | 0.5 |
Provide reference services and assistance for users needing archival materials.O*NET Task ID 7633 | 0.5 |
Direct activities of workers who assist in arranging, cataloguing, exhibiting, and maintaining collections of valuable materials.O*NET Task ID 7634 | 0.5 |
Preserve records, documents, and objects, copying records to film, videotape, audiotape, disk, or computer formats as necessary.O*NET Task ID 7636 | 0.5 |
Establish and administer policy guidelines concerning public access and use of materials.O*NET Task ID 7637 | 0.5 |
Locate new materials and direct their acquisition and display.O*NET Task ID 7638 | 0.5 |
Research and record the origins and historical significance of archival materials.O*NET Task ID 7639 | 0.5 |
Specialize in an area of history or technology, researching topics or items relevant to collections to determine what should be retained or acquired.O*NET Task ID 7640 | 0.5 |
Select and edit documents for publication and display, applying knowledge of subject, literary expression, and presentation techniques.O*NET Task ID 7642 | 0.5 |
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page
All O*NET 31.0 task statements (13)
All O*NET 31.0 task statements for this occupation (English, as published; task type core or supplemental). Exposure values are not listed here; they are in the table above, next to each task statement as worded in the O*NET version each source used.
| Task (O*NET 31.0) | Type |
|---|---|
| Create and maintain accessible, retrievable computer archives and databases, incorporating current advances in electronic information storage technology. | Core |
| Organize archival records and develop classification systems to facilitate access to archival materials. | Core |
| Authenticate and appraise historical documents and archival materials. | Core |
| Provide reference services and assistance for users needing archival materials. | Core |
| Direct activities of workers who assist in arranging, cataloguing, exhibiting, and maintaining collections of valuable materials. | Core |
| Prepare archival records, such as document descriptions, to allow easy access to information. | Core |
| Preserve records, documents, and objects, copying records to film, videotape, audiotape, disk, or computer formats as necessary. | Core |
| Establish and administer policy guidelines concerning public access and use of materials. | Core |
| Locate new materials and direct their acquisition and display. | Core |
| Research and record the origins and historical significance of archival materials. | Core |
| Specialize in an area of history or technology, researching topics or items relevant to collections to determine what should be retained or acquired. | Core |
| Coordinate educational and public outreach programs, such as tours, workshops, lectures, and classes. | Core |
| Select and edit documents for publication and display, applying knowledge of subject, literary expression, and presentation techniques. | Core |
0.08/ 3· Robot exposure index
Scale, basis and source
Each physical task is graded 0–3 by the setting in which robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated could do it (0 none · 1 purpose-built robot settings such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line · 2 structured facilities such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port · 3 unstructured settings such as a private home or a construction site), and the grades are averaged by share of working time
Physical tasks among this occupation's O*NET 29.3 tasks
Anthropic estimated the grades and time shares with Claude Opus 5 using web search, as of 2026.
The robot exposure index is a different measure from the AI exposure figures on this site and cannot be added to or compared with them. It does not measure actual adoption or cost, and 0 also covers occupations with no physical tasks.
Tier of each physical task
Robot environment tiers (E0–E3)
E0 noneDetails
Rated not doable by robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated, even in a purpose-built setting
E1 purpose-built robot settingsDetails
Rated doable in a setting built around the machine, such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line
E2 structured facilitiesDetails
Rated doable in a human work facility that an institution keeps to a working standard, such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port
E3 unstructured settingsDetails
Rated doable in a setting that no institution keeps to a working standard, such as a private home or a construction site
Only tasks classified as physical are listed; other tasks have no tier in the source.
| Task (O*NET 29.3) | Robot environment tier |
|---|---|
| Organize archival records and develop classification systems to facilitate access to archival materials. | E0 none |
| Preserve records, documents, and objects, copying records to film, videotape, audiotape, disk, or computer formats as necessary. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
Occupation information
Employment outlook (BLS)
- Employment, 2025
- 10K
- Projected employment, 2035
- 11K
- Change (2025–35)
- +3.4%
- Median annual wage, 2025
- $64,550
- Typical education needed for entry
- Master's degree
Korea classification links (KSCO)
Links from the current release of the Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1, made by AI Changing Work. Relation values are read from the O*NET-SOC occupation side.
| KSCO code | KSCO title | Relation | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| 29222 | 기록물 관리사 | Same scope | confirmed |
Relation and status definitions(kr-direct v1.1)
ILO occupational description
AI Changing Work links the ISCO-08 unit groups below to this occupation by applying the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (2018 SOC to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to ISCO-08) as published, without case-by-case selection; each link may be whole or partial.
- ISCO-08 2621Archivists and Curators
The definition, tasks and examples below are the ILO's description of that unit group, not of this occupation.
Archivists and curators collect, appraise and ensure the safekeeping and preservation of the contents of archives, artefacts and records of historical, cultural, administrative and artistic interest, and of art and other objects. They plan, devise and implement systems for the safekeeping of records and historically valuable documents.
Tasks
- (a) evaluating and preserving records for administrative, historical, legal, evidential and other purposes;
- (b) directing or carrying out the preparation of indexes, bibliographies, microfilm copies and other reference aids to the collected material and making them available to users;
- (c) researching the origin, distribution and use of materials and objects of cultural and historical interest;
- (d) organizing, developing and maintaining collections of artistic, cultural, scientific or historically significant items;
- (e) directing or undertaking classification and cataloguing of museum and art gallery collections and organizing exhibitions;
- (f) researching into, appraising, organizing and preserving historically significant and valuable documents such as government papers, private papers, photographs, maps, manuscripts and audiovisual materials;
- (g) preparing scholarly papers and reports;
- (h) planning and implementing the computerized management of archives and electronic records;
- (i) organizing exhibitions at museums and art galleries, publicizing exhibits and arranging special displays for general, specialized or educational interest;
- (j) appraising and acquiring archival materials to build and develop an archival collection for research purposes.
Example occupations
Archivist · Art gallery curator · Museum curator · Records manager
Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits
ESCO occupational vocabulary
Each entry below is matched to this occupation in the published ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk (version 1, 2022). The match types are that crosswalk's; the wording is AI Changing Work's.
- archivistESCO 2621.1Same scope
Archivists assess, collect, organise, preserve and provide access to records and archives. Records maintained are in any format, analogue or digital and include several kinds of media (documents, photographs, video and sound recordings, etc.).
- information managerESCO 2622.1This occupation is narrower
Information managers are responsible for systems that provide information to people. They assure access to the information in different work environments (public or private) based on theoretical principles and hands-on capabilities in storing, retrieving and communicating information.
- big data archive librarianESCO 3433.2This occupation is broader
Big data archive librarians classify, catalogue and maintain libraries of digital media. They also evaluate and comply with metadata standards for digital content and update obsolete data and legacy systems.
- exhibition registrarESCO 2621.6This occupation is broader
Exhibition registrars organise, manage and document movement of museum artefacts to and from storage, display and exhibitions. This happens in collaboration with private or public partners such as art transporters, insurers and restorers, within the museum and outside.
- collection managerESCO 2621.3Overlapping, not the same
Collection managers ensure the care and preservation of objects within cultural institutions, like museums, libraries, and archives. Collection managers, along with exhibition curators, and conservators, play a very important role in collections care. They can be found in most large museums.
- exhibition curatorESCO 2621.5Overlapping, not the same
Exhibition curators organise and display artworks and artefacts. They work in and for museums, art galleries, museums for science or history, libraries and archives, and in other cultural institutions. In general, exhibition curators work in artistic and cultural exhibition fields and events of all kinds.
Source: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)
License: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)
ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.
France classification links (ROME)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and ROME 4.0 job profiles, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side. Links marked “provisional” were adopted on the judgments of two judges from the same model family (Claude) alone, or by an operator rule applied to their judgments, so they rest on weaker evidence than confirmed links.
| ROME code | ROME title (French) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| K1613 | Archiviste | Same scopeprovisional |
| K1612 | Conservateur / Conservatrice d'archives | This occupation is broaderprovisional |
Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.
ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)
Spain classification links (CNO-11)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and CNO-11 occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| CNO-11 code | CNO-11 title (Spanish) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 2911 | Archivistas y conservadores de museos | This occupation is narrowerprovisional |
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)
Germany classification links (KldB)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and KldB occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| KldB code | KldB title (German) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 73314 | Berufe im Archivwesen - hoch komplexe Tätigkeiten | Same scopeprovisional |
| 73313 | Berufe im Archivwesen - komplexe Spezialistentätigkeiten | This occupation is broaderprovisional |
Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)
Japan classification links (JSCO)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and JSCO occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| JSCO code | JSCO title (Japanese) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 242 | 学芸員 | Related, not a match |
Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)
Sources, licenses and AI Changing Work's modification and translation notices for this page: Credits & sources