Fashion Designers
Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports, and Media Occupations- O*NET-SOC code
- 27-1022.00
Design clothing and accessories. Create original designs or adapt fashion trends.
- Data source: BLSPublished: 2026-08
High· relative
LowFour relative bandsVery highGroup-level value
Scale, basis and source
Four relative bands (Low / Moderate / High / Very high)
831 detailed occupations in the BLS Employment Projections table. Assigned per National Employment Matrix (NEM) code, so occupations sharing a NEM code carry the same band
- Data source: AnthropicPublished: 2026-03
0.057
0.000Range of values carried here0.745Scale, basis and source
Observed exposure index, 0–1 as published
Mapped onto O*NET tasks
Published per SOC 2018 occupation; every O*NET occupation with the same SOC 2018 code carries this value
- Data source: ILOPublished: 2025
0.35
0.09Range of values carried here0.70Group-level value
Scale, basis and source
Generative AI exposure index, 0–1 as published
Published per ISCO-08 unit group. Linked to this occupation, wholly or in part, by applying U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (ISCO-08 to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to 2018 SOC) as published
What kind of figure this source publishes
The BLS category is a relative rank, not an absolute level, and it is not a first-hand measurement: it groups an occupation's percentile ranks across several published studies into four bands. It is not an employment or wage forecast, not a probability of adoption, and it does not separate automation from augmentation.
Task-level exposure
20 rated tasks · 16 tasks with β ≥ 0.5 (80.0%)
β = direct exposure (E1) + 0.5 × exposure when tools are available (E2), per the source repository's definition.
- Source unit: O*NET 27.2 tasks → O*NET 31.0 occupation code
- All rated tasks are in the O*NET 31.0 task list.
- Source
- OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
- Release
- gh-main-0471612
- License
- MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI
| Task (O*NET 30.2) | Claude.aiRaw / share % | APIRaw / share % |
|---|---|---|
Sketch rough and detailed drawings of apparel or accessories, and write specifications such as color schemes, construction, material types, and accessory requirements.27-1022.00 | 0.00000.0 | 0.00000.0 |
Design custom clothing and accessories for individuals, retailers, or theatrical, television, or film productions.27-1022.00 | 0.00000.0 | 0.00000.0 |
Identify target markets for designs, looking at factors such as age, gender, and socioeconomic status.27-1022.00 | 0.00000.0 | —0 |
| Not observed on any surface — 17 task(s) — These tasks have no row in the source for this release. The 0 in the share row is a display-stage composition ratio; absence is what the — in the raw row states. | ||
Direct and coordinate workers involved in drawing and cutting patterns and constructing samples or finished garments. | —0 | —0 |
Examine sample garments on and off models, modifying designs to achieve desired effects. | —0 | —0 |
Confer with sales and management executives or with clients to discuss design ideas. | —0 | —0 |
Attend fashion shows and review garment magazines and manuals to gather information about fashion trends and consumer preferences. | —0 | —0 |
Select materials and production techniques to be used for products. | —0 | —0 |
Provide sample garments to agents and sales representatives, and arrange for showings of sample garments at sales meetings or fashion shows. | —0 | —0 |
Adapt other designers' ideas for the mass market. | —0 | —0 |
Purchase new or used clothing and accessory items as needed to complete designs. | —0 | —0 |
Visit textile showrooms to keep up-to-date on the latest fabrics. | —0 | —0 |
Collaborate with other designers to coordinate special products and designs. | —0 | —0 |
Test fabrics or oversee testing so that garment care labels can be created. | —0 | —0 |
Determine prices for styles. | —0 | —0 |
Draw patterns for articles designed, cut patterns, and cut material according to patterns, using measuring instruments and scissors. | —0 | —0 |
Develop a group of products or accessories, and market them through venues such as boutiques or mail-order catalogs. | —0 | —0 |
Read scripts and consult directors and other production staff to develop design concepts and plan productions. | —0 | —0 |
Sew together sections of material to form mockups or samples of garments or articles, using sewing equipment. | —0 | —0 |
Research the styles and periods of clothing needed for film or theatrical productions. | —0 | —0 |
Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.
| Task (O*NET 27.2) | βE1 + 0.5 × E2 |
|---|---|
Direct and coordinate workers involved in drawing and cutting patterns and constructing samples or finished garments.O*NET Task ID 13013 | 0.5 |
Examine sample garments on and off models, modifying designs to achieve desired effects.O*NET Task ID 13014 | 0.5 |
Sketch rough and detailed drawings of apparel or accessories, and write specifications such as color schemes, construction, material types, and accessory requirements.O*NET Task ID 13015 | 0.5 |
Identify target markets for designs, looking at factors such as age, gender, and socioeconomic status.O*NET Task ID 13017 | 0.5 |
Attend fashion shows and review garment magazines and manuals to gather information about fashion trends and consumer preferences.O*NET Task ID 13018 | 0.5 |
Select materials and production techniques to be used for products.O*NET Task ID 13019 | 0.5 |
Adapt other designers' ideas for the mass market.O*NET Task ID 13021 | 0.5 |
Visit textile showrooms to keep up-to-date on the latest fabrics.O*NET Task ID 13023 | 0.5 |
Collaborate with other designers to coordinate special products and designs.O*NET Task ID 13024 | 0.5 |
Design custom clothing and accessories for individuals, retailers, or theatrical, television, or film productions.O*NET Task ID 13025 | 0.5 |
Determine prices for styles.O*NET Task ID 13026 | 0.5 |
Draw patterns for articles designed, cut patterns, and cut material according to patterns, using measuring instruments and scissors.O*NET Task ID 13027 | 0.5 |
Develop a group of products or accessories, and market them through venues such as boutiques or mail-order catalogs.O*NET Task ID 13028 | 0.5 |
Read scripts and consult directors and other production staff to develop design concepts and plan productions.O*NET Task ID 13029 | 0.5 |
Test fabrics or oversee testing so that garment care labels can be created.O*NET Task ID 13030 | 0.5 |
Research the styles and periods of clothing needed for film or theatrical productions.O*NET Task ID 13032 | 0.5 |
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page
All O*NET 31.0 task statements (20)
All O*NET 31.0 task statements for this occupation (English, as published; task type core or supplemental). Exposure values are not listed here; they are in the table above, next to each task statement as worded in the O*NET version each source used.
| Task (O*NET 31.0) | Type |
|---|---|
| Direct and coordinate workers involved in drawing and cutting patterns and constructing samples or finished garments. | Core |
| Examine sample garments on and off models, modifying designs to achieve desired effects. | Core |
| Sketch rough and detailed drawings of apparel or accessories, and write specifications such as color schemes, construction, material types, and accessory requirements. | Core |
| Confer with sales and management executives or with clients to discuss design ideas. | Core |
| Identify target markets for designs, looking at factors such as age, gender, and socioeconomic status. | Core |
| Attend fashion shows and review garment magazines and manuals to gather information about fashion trends and consumer preferences. | Core |
| Select materials and production techniques to be used for products. | Core |
| Provide sample garments to agents and sales representatives, and arrange for showings of sample garments at sales meetings or fashion shows. | Core |
| Adapt other designers' ideas for the mass market. | Core |
| Purchase new or used clothing and accessory items as needed to complete designs. | Core |
| Visit textile showrooms to keep up-to-date on the latest fabrics. | Core |
| Collaborate with other designers to coordinate special products and designs. | Core |
| Test fabrics or oversee testing so that garment care labels can be created. | Core |
| Design custom clothing and accessories for individuals, retailers, or theatrical, television, or film productions. | Supplemental |
| Determine prices for styles. | Supplemental |
| Draw patterns for articles designed, cut patterns, and cut material according to patterns, using measuring instruments and scissors. | Supplemental |
| Develop a group of products or accessories, and market them through venues such as boutiques or mail-order catalogs. | Supplemental |
| Read scripts and consult directors and other production staff to develop design concepts and plan productions. | Supplemental |
| Sew together sections of material to form mockups or samples of garments or articles, using sewing equipment. | Supplemental |
| Research the styles and periods of clothing needed for film or theatrical productions. | Supplemental |
0.05/ 3· Robot exposure index
Scale, basis and source
Each physical task is graded 0–3 by the setting in which robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated could do it (0 none · 1 purpose-built robot settings such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line · 2 structured facilities such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port · 3 unstructured settings such as a private home or a construction site), and the grades are averaged by share of working time
Physical tasks among this occupation's O*NET 29.3 tasks
Anthropic estimated the grades and time shares with Claude Opus 5 using web search, as of 2026.
The robot exposure index is a different measure from the AI exposure figures on this site and cannot be added to or compared with them. It does not measure actual adoption or cost, and 0 also covers occupations with no physical tasks.
Tier of each physical task
Robot environment tiers (E0–E3)
E0 noneDetails
Rated not doable by robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated, even in a purpose-built setting
E1 purpose-built robot settingsDetails
Rated doable in a setting built around the machine, such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line
E2 structured facilitiesDetails
Rated doable in a human work facility that an institution keeps to a working standard, such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port
E3 unstructured settingsDetails
Rated doable in a setting that no institution keeps to a working standard, such as a private home or a construction site
Only tasks classified as physical are listed; other tasks have no tier in the source.
| Task (O*NET 29.3) | Robot environment tier |
|---|---|
| Examine sample garments on and off models, modifying designs to achieve desired effects. | E0 none |
| Visit textile showrooms to keep up-to-date on the latest fabrics. | E0 none |
| Draw patterns for articles designed, cut patterns, and cut material according to patterns, using measuring instruments and scissors. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Develop a group of products or accessories, and market them through venues such as boutiques or mail-order catalogs. | E0 none |
| Sew together sections of material to form mockups or samples of garments or articles, using sewing equipment. | E0 none |
Occupation information
Employment outlook (BLS)
- Employment, 2025
- 33K
- Projected employment, 2035
- 33K
- Change (2025–35)
- +0.1%
- Median annual wage, 2025
- $80,960
- Typical education needed for entry
- Bachelor's degree
Korea classification links (KSCO)
Links from the current release of the Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1, made by AI Changing Work. Relation values are read from the O*NET-SOC occupation side.
| KSCO code | KSCO title | Relation | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| 29522 | 의상 디자이너 | This occupation is broader | confirmed |
| 29523 | 액세서리 디자이너 | This occupation is broader | confirmed |
| 29524 | 가방 및 신발 디자이너 | This occupation is broader | confirmed |
| 29521 | 직물 디자이너 | Related, not a match | confirmed |
| 43191 | 패션 코디네이터 | Related, not a match | confirmed |
Relation and status definitions(kr-direct v1.1)
ILO occupational description
AI Changing Work links the ISCO-08 unit groups below to this occupation by applying the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (2018 SOC to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to ISCO-08) as published, without case-by-case selection; each link may be whole or partial.
- ISCO-08 2163Product and Garment Designers
The definition, tasks and examples below are the ILO's description of that unit group, not of this occupation.
Product and garment designers design and develop products for manufacture and prepare designs and specifications of products for mass, batch and one-off production.
Tasks
- (a) determining the objectives and constraints of the design brief by consulting with clients and stakeholders;
- (b) formulating design concepts for clothing, textiles, industrial, commercial and consumer products, and jewellery;
- (c) harmonizing aesthetic considerations with technical, functional, ecological and production requirements;
- (d) preparing sketches, diagrams, illustrations, plans, samples and models to communicate design concepts;
- (e) negotiating design solutions with clients, management, and sales and manufacturing staff;
- (f) selecting, specifying and recommending functional and aesthetic materials, production methods and finishes for manufacture;
- (g) detailing and documenting the selected design for production;
- (h) preparing and commissioning prototypes and samples;
- (i) supervising the preparation of patterns, programmes and tooling, and of the manufacturing process.
Example occupations
Costume designer · Fashion designer · Industrial designer · Jewellery designer
Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits
ESCO occupational vocabulary
Each entry below is matched to this occupation in the published ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk (version 1, 2022). The match types are that crosswalk's; the wording is AI Changing Work's.
- fashion designerESCO 2163.1.3Same scope
Fashion designers work on designs for the haute couture and/or ready-to-wear, high street fashion markets, and more generally on items of clothing and fashion ranges. Fashion designers can operate in a specialised area, such as sportswear, childrenswear, footwear or accessories.
- clothing CAD technicianESCO 3118.2This occupation is broader
Clothing CAD technicians use software to create design plans for clothing products. They work in 2D design which is known as surface modelling, or 3D design which is called solid modelling. They use surface modelling to draw a flat representation of the clothing product. In solid modelling, they create a 3D display of a structure or component in order to take a virtual look of the clothing product.
- clothing fashion designerESCO 2163.1.3.1This occupation is broader
Fashion designers create concepts and make sketches by hand or using softwares of their creative ideas. They analyse and interpret fashion trends in order to propose new ideas with high aesthetical value. They perform forecasting and market research to put together collections. They build collection lines by operating mood or concept boards, colour palettes, materials, drawings and sketches considering among others ergonomical criteria, etc.
- footwear designerESCO 2163.1.3.2This occupation is broader
Footwear designers perform fashion trends analysis, forecasting and market research, create footwear concepts and build collection lines by operating mood or concept boards, colour palettes, materials, drawings and sketches etc. They conduct the sampling process, make footwear prototypes and samples for presentations aimed to promoting the footwear concepts and collections. They identify the range of materials and components, define the design specifications by collaborating with the technical team and review the footwear samples, prototypes, and collections.
- leather goods designerESCO 2163.1.3.3This occupation is broader
Leather goods designers are in charge of the creative process of leather goods. They perform fashion trends analysis, accompany market researches and forecast needs, plan and develop collections, create concepts and build the collection lines. They additionally conduct the sampling, create prototypes or samples for presentation and promote concepts and collections. During the collection development, they define the mood and the concept board, the colour palettes, the materials, produce drawings and sketches. Leather goods designers identify the range of materials and components and define the design specifications. They collaborate with the technical team.
- textile designerESCO 2163.1.8This occupation is broader
Textile designers conceptualise textile products considering visual communication and functional performance.
- clothing product graderESCO 7532.3Overlapping, not the same
Clothing product graders produce patterns in different sizes (i.e. scaled-up and scaled-down) to reproduce the same wearing apparel in different sizes. They draft patterns by hand or using software following size charts.
- digital prototyperESCO 7532.4Overlapping, not the same
Digital prototyper transform paper pattern into digital form using special computer software. They operate and monitor machines which make different products related to clothing.
- leather goods CAD patternmakerESCO 7532.5Overlapping, not the same
Leather goods CAD patternmakers design, adjust and modify 2D patterns using CAD systems. They check laying variants using nesting modules of the CAD system. They estimate material consumption.
Source: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)
License: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)
ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.
France classification links (ROME)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and ROME 4.0 job profiles, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side. Links marked “provisional” were adopted on the judgments of two judges from the same model family (Claude) alone, or by an operator rule applied to their judgments, so they rest on weaker evidence than confirmed links.
| ROME code | ROME title (French) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| B1805 | Styliste | Same scopeprovisional |
| B1807 | Assistant / Assistante styliste | This occupation is broaderprovisional |
| B1814 | Directeur / Directrice de collection | This occupation is broaderprovisional |
| L1520 | Concepteur / Conceptrice de costumes | This occupation is broaderprovisional |
| B1812 | Modéliste | Related, not a matchprovisional |
Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.
ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)
Spain classification links (CNO-11)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and CNO-11 occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| CNO-11 code | CNO-11 title (Spanish) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 2482 | Diseñadores de productos y de prendas | This occupation is narrower |
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)
Germany classification links (KldB)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and KldB occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| KldB code | KldB title (German) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 28214 | Berufe im Modedesign - hoch komplexe Tätigkeiten | This occupation is broader |
| 28213 | Berufe im Modedesign - komplexe Spezialistentätigkeiten | Overlapping, not the same |
| 28113 | Berufe in der Textilgestaltung - komplexe Spezialistentätigkeiten | Related, not a matchprovisional |
| 28114 | Berufe in der Textilgestaltung - hoch komplexe Tätigkeiten | Related, not a matchprovisional |
| 28212 | Berufe im Modedesign - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten | Related, not a matchprovisional |
| 28333 | Berufe in der Schuhherstellung - komplexe Spezialistentätigkeiten | Related, not a matchprovisional |
| 28343 | Berufe in der Pelzbe- und -verarbeitung - komplexe Spezialistentätigkeiten | Related, not a matchprovisional |
| 94613 | Berufe in der Bühnen- und Kostümbildnerei - komplexe Spezialistentätigkeiten | Related, not a matchprovisional |
Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)
Japan classification links (JSCO)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and JSCO occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| JSCO code | JSCO title (Japanese) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 224 | デザイナー | This occupation is narrowerprovisional |
Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)
Sources, licenses and AI Changing Work's modification and translation notices for this page: Credits & sources