Media Programming Directors
Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports, and Media Occupations- O*NET-SOC code
- 27-2012.03
Direct and coordinate activities of personnel engaged in preparation of radio or television station program schedules and programs, such as sports or news.
- Data source: BLSPublished: 2026-08
High· relative
LowFour relative bandsVery highGroup-level value
Scale, basis and source
Four relative bands (Low / Moderate / High / Very high)
831 detailed occupations in the BLS Employment Projections table. Assigned per National Employment Matrix (NEM) code, so occupations sharing a NEM code carry the same band
- Data source: AnthropicPublished: 2026-03
0.092
0.000Range of values carried here0.745Group-level value
Scale, basis and source
Observed exposure index, 0–1 as published
Mapped onto O*NET tasks
Published per SOC 2018 occupation; every O*NET occupation with the same SOC 2018 code carries this value
- Data source: ILOPublished: 2025
0.37
0.09Range of values carried here0.70Group-level value
Scale, basis and source
Generative AI exposure index, 0–1 as published
Published per ISCO-08 unit group. Linked to this occupation, wholly or in part, by applying U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (ISCO-08 to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to 2018 SOC) as published
What kind of figure this source publishes
The BLS category is a relative rank, not an absolute level, and it is not a first-hand measurement: it groups an occupation's percentile ranks across several published studies into four bands. It is not an employment or wage forecast, not a probability of adoption, and it does not separate automation from augmentation.
Task-level exposure
Exposed tasks only23 rated tasks · 18 tasks with β ≥ 0.5 (78.3%)
β = direct exposure (E1) + 0.5 × exposure when tools are available (E2), per the source repository's definition.
- Source unit: O*NET 27.2 tasks → O*NET 31.0 occupation code
- All rated tasks are in the O*NET 31.0 task list.
- Source
- OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
- Release
- gh-main-0471612
- License
- MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI
| Task (O*NET 30.2) | Claude.aiRaw / share % | APIRaw / share % |
|---|---|---|
Develop promotions for current programs and specials.27-2012.03 | 0.020066.7 | 0.0100100.0 |
Develop ideas for programs and features that a station could produce.27-2012.03 | 0.010033.3 | 0.00000.0 |
Plan and schedule programming and event coverage, based on broadcast length, time availability, and other factors, such as community needs, ratings data, and viewer demographics.27-2012.03 | 0.00000.0 | 0.00000.0 |
Evaluate new and existing programming to assess suitability and the need for changes, using information such as audience surveys and feedback.27-2012.03 | 0.00000.0 | 0.00000.0 |
Perform personnel duties, such as hiring staff and evaluating work performance. | —0 | 0.00000.0 |
| Not observed on any surface — 18 task(s) — These tasks have no row in the source for this release. The 0 in the share row is a display-stage composition ratio; absence is what the — in the raw row states. | ||
Monitor and review programming to ensure that schedules are met, guidelines are adhered to, and performances are of adequate quality. | —0 | —0 |
Direct and coordinate activities of personnel engaged in broadcast news, sports, or programming. | —0 | —0 |
Check completed program logs for accuracy and conformance with Federal Communications Commission (FCC) rules and regulations and resolve program log inaccuracies. | —0 | —0 |
Establish work schedules and assign work to staff members. | —0 | —0 |
Coordinate activities between departments, such as news and programming. | —0 | —0 |
Confer with directors and production staff to discuss issues, such as production and casting problems, budgets, policies, and news coverage. | —0 | —0 |
Select, acquire, and maintain programs, music, films, and other needed materials and obtain legal clearances for their use as necessary. | —0 | —0 |
Monitor network transmissions for advisories concerning daily program schedules, program content, special feeds, or program changes. | —0 | —0 |
Prepare copy and edit tape so that material is ready for broadcasting. | —0 | —0 |
Review information about programs and schedules to ensure accuracy and provide such information to local media outlets. | —0 | —0 |
Read news, read or record public service and promotional announcements, or perform other on-air duties. | —0 | —0 |
Operate and maintain on-air and production audio equipment. | —0 | —0 |
Direct setup of remote facilities and install or cancel programs at remote stations. | —0 | —0 |
Conduct interviews for broadcasts. | —0 | —0 |
Develop budgets for programming and broadcasting activities and monitor expenditures to ensure that they remain within budgetary limits. | —0 | —0 |
Participate in the planning and execution of fundraising activities. | —0 | —0 |
Cue announcers, actors, performers, and guests. | —0 | —0 |
Act as a liaison between talent and directors, providing information that performers or guests need to prepare for appearances and communicating relevant information from guests, performers, or staff to directors. | —0 | —0 |
Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.
| Task (O*NET 27.2) | βE1 + 0.5 × E2 |
|---|---|
Check completed program logs for accuracy and conformance with Federal Communications Commission (FCC) rules and regulations and resolve program log inaccuracies.O*NET Task ID 7665 | 1.0 |
Develop ideas for programs and features that a station could produce.O*NET Task ID 7676 | 1.0 |
Read news, read or record public service and promotional announcements, or perform other on-air duties.O*NET Task ID 7679 | 1.0 |
Plan and schedule programming and event coverage, based on broadcast length, time availability, and other factors, such as community needs, ratings data, and viewer demographics.O*NET Task ID 7662 | 0.5 |
Monitor and review programming to ensure that schedules are met, guidelines are adhered to, and performances are of adequate quality.O*NET Task ID 7663 | 0.5 |
Direct and coordinate activities of personnel engaged in broadcast news, sports, or programming.O*NET Task ID 7664 | 0.5 |
Establish work schedules and assign work to staff members.O*NET Task ID 7666 | 0.5 |
Coordinate activities between departments, such as news and programming.O*NET Task ID 7667 | 0.5 |
Perform personnel duties, such as hiring staff and evaluating work performance.O*NET Task ID 7668 | 0.5 |
Evaluate new and existing programming to assess suitability and the need for changes, using information such as audience surveys and feedback.O*NET Task ID 7669 | 0.5 |
Develop budgets for programming and broadcasting activities and monitor expenditures to ensure that they remain within budgetary limits.O*NET Task ID 7670 | 0.5 |
Select, acquire, and maintain programs, music, films, and other needed materials and obtain legal clearances for their use as necessary.O*NET Task ID 7672 | 0.5 |
Monitor network transmissions for advisories concerning daily program schedules, program content, special feeds, or program changes.O*NET Task ID 7673 | 0.5 |
Develop promotions for current programs and specials.O*NET Task ID 7674 | 0.5 |
Prepare copy and edit tape so that material is ready for broadcasting.O*NET Task ID 7675 | 0.5 |
Participate in the planning and execution of fundraising activities.O*NET Task ID 7677 | 0.5 |
Review information about programs and schedules to ensure accuracy and provide such information to local media outlets.O*NET Task ID 7678 | 0.5 |
Act as a liaison between talent and directors, providing information that performers or guests need to prepare for appearances and communicating relevant information from guests, performers, or staff to directors.O*NET Task ID 7684 | 0.5 |
Confer with directors and production staff to discuss issues, such as production and casting problems, budgets, policies, and news coverage.O*NET Task ID 7671 | 0.0 |
Operate and maintain on-air and production audio equipment.O*NET Task ID 7680 | 0.0 |
Direct setup of remote facilities and install or cancel programs at remote stations.O*NET Task ID 7681 | 0.0 |
Cue announcers, actors, performers, and guests.O*NET Task ID 7682 | 0.0 |
Conduct interviews for broadcasts.O*NET Task ID 7683 | 0.0 |
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page
All O*NET 31.0 task statements (23)
All O*NET 31.0 task statements for this occupation (English, as published; task type core or supplemental). Exposure values are not listed here; they are in the table above, next to each task statement as worded in the O*NET version each source used.
| Task (O*NET 31.0) | Type |
|---|---|
| Plan and schedule programming and event coverage, based on broadcast length, time availability, and other factors, such as community needs, ratings data, and viewer demographics. | Core |
| Monitor and review programming to ensure that schedules are met, guidelines are adhered to, and performances are of adequate quality. | Core |
| Direct and coordinate activities of personnel engaged in broadcast news, sports, or programming. | Core |
| Check completed program logs for accuracy and conformance with Federal Communications Commission (FCC) rules and regulations and resolve program log inaccuracies. | Core |
| Establish work schedules and assign work to staff members. | Core |
| Coordinate activities between departments, such as news and programming. | Core |
| Perform personnel duties, such as hiring staff and evaluating work performance. | Core |
| Evaluate new and existing programming to assess suitability and the need for changes, using information such as audience surveys and feedback. | Core |
| Confer with directors and production staff to discuss issues, such as production and casting problems, budgets, policies, and news coverage. | Core |
| Select, acquire, and maintain programs, music, films, and other needed materials and obtain legal clearances for their use as necessary. | Core |
| Monitor network transmissions for advisories concerning daily program schedules, program content, special feeds, or program changes. | Core |
| Develop promotions for current programs and specials. | Core |
| Prepare copy and edit tape so that material is ready for broadcasting. | Core |
| Develop ideas for programs and features that a station could produce. | Core |
| Review information about programs and schedules to ensure accuracy and provide such information to local media outlets. | Core |
| Read news, read or record public service and promotional announcements, or perform other on-air duties. | Core |
| Operate and maintain on-air and production audio equipment. | Core |
| Direct setup of remote facilities and install or cancel programs at remote stations. | Core |
| Conduct interviews for broadcasts. | Core |
| Develop budgets for programming and broadcasting activities and monitor expenditures to ensure that they remain within budgetary limits. | Supplemental |
| Participate in the planning and execution of fundraising activities. | Supplemental |
| Cue announcers, actors, performers, and guests. | Supplemental |
| Act as a liaison between talent and directors, providing information that performers or guests need to prepare for appearances and communicating relevant information from guests, performers, or staff to directors. | Supplemental |
0.00/ 3· Robot exposure index
Scale, basis and source
Each physical task is graded 0–3 by the setting in which robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated could do it (0 none · 1 purpose-built robot settings such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line · 2 structured facilities such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port · 3 unstructured settings such as a private home or a construction site), and the grades are averaged by share of working time
Physical tasks among this occupation's O*NET 29.3 tasks
Anthropic estimated the grades and time shares with Claude Opus 5 using web search, as of 2026.
The robot exposure index is a different measure from the AI exposure figures on this site and cannot be added to or compared with them. It does not measure actual adoption or cost, and 0 also covers occupations with no physical tasks.
Tier of each physical task
Robot environment tiers (E0–E3)
E0 noneDetails
Rated not doable by robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated, even in a purpose-built setting
E1 purpose-built robot settingsDetails
Rated doable in a setting built around the machine, such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line
E2 structured facilitiesDetails
Rated doable in a human work facility that an institution keeps to a working standard, such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port
E3 unstructured settingsDetails
Rated doable in a setting that no institution keeps to a working standard, such as a private home or a construction site
Only tasks classified as physical are listed; other tasks have no tier in the source.
| Task (O*NET 29.3) | Robot environment tier |
|---|---|
| Operate and maintain on-air and production audio equipment. | E0 none |
Occupation information
Employment outlook (BLS)
Values for the whole SOC 27-2012 group (Producers and directors), not for this O*NET occupation alone.
- Employment, 2025
- 181K
- Projected employment, 2035
- 188K
- Change (2025–35)
- +4%
- Median annual wage, 2025
- $90,360
- Typical education needed for entry
- Bachelor's degree
Korea classification links (KSCO)
Links from the current release of the Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1, made by AI Changing Work. Relation values are read from the O*NET-SOC occupation side.
| KSCO code | KSCO title | Relation | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| 13403 | 방송‧출판 및 영상 관련 관리자 | This occupation is narrower | confirmed |
| 29311 | 감독 및 연출가 | This occupation is narrower | confirmed |
Relation and status definitions(kr-direct v1.1)
ILO occupational description
AI Changing Work links the ISCO-08 unit groups below to this occupation by applying the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (2018 SOC to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to ISCO-08) as published, without case-by-case selection; each link may be whole or partial.
- ISCO-08 2654Film, Stage and Related Directors and Producers
The definition, tasks and examples below are the ILO's description of that unit group, not of this occupation.
Film, stage and related directors and producers oversee and control the technical and artistic aspects of motion pictures, television or radio productions and stage shows.
Tasks
- (a) choosing writers, studying scripts to determine artistic interpretation, and instructing actors on acting methods;
- (b) directing all aspects of dramatic productions on stage, television, radio or in motion pictures, including choice of actors, and final decisions concerning costumes, set designs, sound or lighting effects;
- (c) planning, organizing and controlling the various stages and scheduling involved in the production of presentations, motion pictures, television shows and radio programmes;
- (d) engaging and supervising all technical personnel, and determining the treatment, scope and scheduling of production;
- (e) maintaining production archives and negotiating royalties;
- (f) creating, planning, writing scripts for recording, videotaping and editing programmes;
- (g) supervising the positioning of scenery, props and lighting and sound equipment.
Example occupations
Documentary director · Film editor · Motion picture director · Photography director · Stage director · Technical director · Technical television or radio director · Theatre producer
Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits
ESCO occupational vocabulary
Each entry below is matched to this occupation in the published ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk (version 1, 2022). The match types are that crosswalk's; the wording is AI Changing Work's.
- broadcasting programme directorESCO 3435.5This occupation is broader
Broadcasting programme directors make the programme schedule. They decide how much broadcast time a programme gets and when it is aired, based on a few factors like, ratings, viewer demographics, etc.
- radio producerESCO 2654.3This occupation is broader
Radio producers are responsible for organising the making of radio shows. They oversee aspects of radio shows such as content, audio production, resource planning and personnel supervision.
- video and motion picture directorESCO 2166.4.8Overlapping, not the same
Video and motion picture directors are responsible for the overall production of a movie or television program. They edit and translate the script into audiovisual images. Video and motion picture directors supervise and manage the film crew. They convey their creative vision on the actors, audio and video equipment operators, lighting technicians, etc and direct them. Video and motion picture directors also supervise the editing of the footage.
Source: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)
License: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)
ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.
France classification links (ROME)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and ROME 4.0 job profiles, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side. Links marked “provisional” were adopted on the judgments of two judges from the same model family (Claude) alone, or by an operator rule applied to their judgments, so they rest on weaker evidence than confirmed links.
| ROME code | ROME title (French) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| L1314 | Chargé / Chargée de programme | Overlapping, not the same |
| L1316 | Conducteur / Conductrice d'antenne | Overlapping, not the same |
| L1313 | Programmateur / Programmatrice salle de cinéma | Related, not a match |
Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.
ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)
Spain classification links (CNO-11)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and CNO-11 occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| CNO-11 code | CNO-11 title (Spanish) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 2934 | Directores de cine, de teatro y afines | This occupation is narrowerprovisional |
| 3739 | Otros técnicos y profesionales de apoyo de actividades culturales y artísticas | Related, not a matchprovisional |
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)
Germany classification links (KldB)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and KldB occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| KldB code | KldB title (German) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 94484 | Berufe in der Theater-, Film- und Fernsehproduktion (sonstige spezifische Tätigkeitsangabe) - hoch komplexe Tätigkeiten | This occupation is broader |
| 92494 | Führungskräfte - Redaktion und Journalismus | Related, not a match |
| 94482 | Berufe in der Theater-, Film- und Fernsehproduktion (sonstige spezifische Tätigkeitsangabe) - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten | Related, not a matchprovisional |
Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)
Japan classification links (JSCO)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and JSCO occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| JSCO code | JSCO title (Japanese) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 234 | 演出家 | This occupation is narrower |
Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)
Sources, licenses and AI Changing Work's modification and translation notices for this page: Credits & sources