Public Relations Specialists
Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports, and Media Occupations- O*NET-SOC code
- 27-3031.00
Promote or create an intended public image for individuals, groups, or organizations. May write or select material for release to various communications media. May specialize in using social media.
- Data source: BLSPublished: 2026-08
Very high· relative
LowFour relative bandsVery highGroup-level value
Scale, basis and source
Four relative bands (Low / Moderate / High / Very high)
831 detailed occupations in the BLS Employment Projections table. Assigned per National Employment Matrix (NEM) code, so occupations sharing a NEM code carry the same band
- Data source: AnthropicPublished: 2026-03
0.453
0.000Range of values carried here0.745Scale, basis and source
Observed exposure index, 0–1 as published
Mapped onto O*NET tasks
Published per SOC 2018 occupation; every O*NET occupation with the same SOC 2018 code carries this value
- Data source: ILOPublished: 2025
0.43
0.09Range of values carried here0.70Group-level value
Scale, basis and source
Generative AI exposure index, 0–1 as published
Published per ISCO-08 unit group. Linked to this occupation, wholly or in part, by applying U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (ISCO-08 to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to 2018 SOC) as published
What kind of figure this source publishes
The BLS category is a relative rank, not an absolute level, and it is not a first-hand measurement: it groups an occupation's percentile ranks across several published studies into four bands. It is not an employment or wage forecast, not a probability of adoption, and it does not separate automation from augmentation.
Task-level exposure
Show 6 hidden tasks18 rated tasks · 17 tasks with β ≥ 0.5 (94.4%)
β = direct exposure (E1) + 0.5 × exposure when tools are available (E2), per the source repository's definition.
- Source unit: O*NET 27.2 tasks → O*NET 31.0 occupation code
- All rated tasks are in the O*NET 31.0 task list.
- Source
- OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
- Release
- gh-main-0471612
- License
- MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI
| Task (O*NET 20.1) | Claude.aiRaw / share % | APIRaw / share % |
|---|---|---|
Prepare or edit organizational publications, such as employee newsletters or stockholders' reports, for internal or external audiences.27-3031.00 | 0.219152.0 | 0.029321.4 |
Write press releases or other media communications to promote clients.27-3031.00 | 0.091221.6 | 0.00755.5 |
Study the objectives, promotional policies, or needs of organizations to develop public relations strategies that will influence public opinion or promote ideas, products, or services.27-3031.00 | 0.03889.2 | 0.018013.2 |
Coach client representatives in effective communication with the public or with employees.27-3031.00 | 0.01854.4 | 0.00614.5 |
Update and maintain content posted on the Web.27-3031.00 | 0.01573.7 | 0.046233.8 |
Respond to requests for information from the media or designate an appropriate spokesperson or information source.27-3031.00 | 0.00992.3 | 0.013610.0 |
Plan or conduct market or public opinion research to test products or determine potential for product success, communicating results to client or management.27-3031.00 | 0.00701.7 | 0.00705.1 |
Prepare or deliver speeches to further public relations objectives.27-3031.00 | 0.00631.5 | —0 |
Consult with advertising agencies or staff to arrange promotional campaigns in all types of media for products, organizations, or individuals.27-3031.00 | 0.00561.3 | 0.00423.1 |
Confer with other managers to identify trends or key group interests or concerns or to provide advice on business decisions.27-3031.00 | 0.00501.2 | —0 |
Plan or direct development or communication of programs to maintain favorable public or stockholder perceptions of an organization's accomplishments, agenda, or environmental responsibility.27-3031.00 | 0.00421.0 | 0.00221.6 |
Confer with production or support personnel to produce or coordinate production of advertisements or promotions. | —0 | 0.00251.8 |
Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.
| Task (O*NET 27.2) | βE1 + 0.5 × E2 |
|---|---|
Prepare or deliver speeches to further public relations objectives.O*NET Task ID 1773 | 1.0 |
Write press releases or other media communications to promote clients.O*NET Task ID 20554 | 1.0 |
Prepare or edit organizational publications, such as employee newsletters or stockholders' reports, for internal or external audiences.O*NET Task ID 20557 | 1.0 |
Post and update content on the company's Web site and social media outlets.O*NET Task ID 23951 | 1.0 |
Respond to requests for information from the media or designate an appropriate spokesperson or information source.O*NET Task ID 1764 | 0.5 |
Confer with production or support personnel to produce or coordinate production of advertisements or promotions.O*NET Task ID 1767 | 0.5 |
Arrange public appearances, lectures, contests, or exhibits for clients to increase product or service awareness or to promote goodwill.O*NET Task ID 1768 | 0.5 |
Study the objectives, promotional policies, or needs of organizations to develop public relations strategies that will influence public opinion or promote ideas, products, or services.O*NET Task ID 1769 | 0.5 |
Confer with other managers to identify trends or key group interests or concerns or to provide advice on business decisions.O*NET Task ID 1770 | 0.5 |
Consult with advertising agencies or staff to arrange promotional campaigns in all types of media for products, organizations, or individuals.O*NET Task ID 1771 | 0.5 |
Coach client representatives in effective communication with the public or with employees.O*NET Task ID 1772 | 0.5 |
Purchase advertising space or time as required to promote client's product or agenda.O*NET Task ID 1774 | 0.5 |
Plan or conduct market or public opinion research to test products or determine potential for product success, communicating results to client or management.O*NET Task ID 1775 | 0.5 |
Coordinate public responses to environmental management incidents or conflicts.O*NET Task ID 19809 | 0.5 |
Develop marketing campaigns for environmental technologies or services.O*NET Task ID 19810 | 0.5 |
Develop plans or materials to communicate organizational activities that are beneficial to the environment, public safety, or other important social issues.O*NET Task ID 19811 | 0.5 |
Plan or direct development or communication of programs to maintain favorable public or stockholder perceptions of an organization's accomplishments, agenda, or environmental responsibility.O*NET Task ID 20555 | 0.5 |
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page
All O*NET 31.0 task statements (18)
All O*NET 31.0 task statements for this occupation (English, as published; task type core or supplemental). Exposure values are not listed here; they are in the table above, next to each task statement as worded in the O*NET version each source used.
| Task (O*NET 31.0) | Type |
|---|---|
| Respond to requests for information from the media or designate an appropriate spokesperson or information source. | Core |
| Establish or maintain cooperative relationships with representatives of community, consumer, employee, or public interest groups. | Core |
| Confer with production or support personnel to produce or coordinate production of advertisements or promotions. | Core |
| Arrange public appearances, lectures, contests, or exhibits for clients to increase product or service awareness or to promote goodwill. | Core |
| Study the objectives, promotional policies, or needs of organizations to develop public relations strategies that will influence public opinion or promote ideas, products, or services. | Core |
| Confer with other managers to identify trends or key group interests or concerns or to provide advice on business decisions. | Core |
| Consult with advertising agencies or staff to arrange promotional campaigns in all types of media for products, organizations, or individuals. | Core |
| Coach client representatives in effective communication with the public or with employees. | Core |
| Prepare or deliver speeches to further public relations objectives. | Core |
| Plan or conduct market or public opinion research to test products or determine potential for product success, communicating results to client or management. | Core |
| Develop plans or materials to communicate organizational activities that are beneficial to the environment, public safety, or other important social issues. | Core |
| Write press releases or other media communications to promote clients. | Core |
| Plan or direct development or communication of programs to maintain favorable public or stockholder perceptions of an organization's accomplishments, agenda, or environmental responsibility. | Core |
| Prepare or edit organizational publications, such as employee newsletters or stockholders' reports, for internal or external audiences. | Core |
| Post and update content on the company's Web site and social media outlets. | Core |
| Purchase advertising space or time as required to promote client's product or agenda. | Supplemental |
| Coordinate public responses to environmental management incidents or conflicts. | Supplemental |
| Develop marketing campaigns for environmental technologies or services. | Supplemental |
0.00/ 3· Robot exposure index
Scale, basis and source
Each physical task is graded 0–3 by the setting in which robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated could do it (0 none · 1 purpose-built robot settings such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line · 2 structured facilities such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port · 3 unstructured settings such as a private home or a construction site), and the grades are averaged by share of working time
Physical tasks among this occupation's O*NET 29.3 tasks
Anthropic estimated the grades and time shares with Claude Opus 5 using web search, as of 2026.
The robot exposure index is a different measure from the AI exposure figures on this site and cannot be added to or compared with them. It does not measure actual adoption or cost, and 0 also covers occupations with no physical tasks.
Tier of each physical task
None of this occupation's O*NET 29.3 tasks is classified as a physical task.
Occupation information
Employment outlook (BLS)
- Employment, 2025
- 315K
- Projected employment, 2035
- 320K
- Change (2025–35)
- +1.8%
- Median annual wage, 2025
- $74,750
- Typical education needed for entry
- Bachelor's degree
Korea classification links (KSCO)
Links from the current release of the Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1, made by AI Changing Work. Relation values are read from the O*NET-SOC occupation side.
| KSCO code | KSCO title | Relation | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| 28332 | 홍보 전문가 | Same scope | confirmed |
| 31122 | 광고 및 홍보 사무원 | Overlapping, not the same | confirmed |
Relation and status definitions(kr-direct v1.1)
ILO occupational description
AI Changing Work links the ISCO-08 unit groups below to this occupation by applying the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (2018 SOC to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to ISCO-08) as published, without case-by-case selection; each link may be whole or partial.
- ISCO-08 2432Public Relations Professionals
The definition, tasks and examples below are the ILO's description of that unit group, not of this occupation.
Public relations professionals plan, develop, implement and evaluate information and communication strategies that create an understanding and a favourable view of businesses and other organizations, their goods and services, and their role in the community.
Tasks
- (a) planning and organizing publicity campaigns and communication strategies;
- (b) advising executives on the public relations implications of their policies, programmes and practices preparing and controlling the issue of news and press releases;
- (c) undertaking and commissioning public opinion research, analysing the findings and planning public relations and promotional campaigns;
- (d) organizing special events, seminars, entertainment, competitions and social functions to promote goodwill and favourable publicity;
- (e) representing organizations and arranging interviews with publicity media;
- (f) attending business, social and other functions to promote the organization;
- (g) commissioning and obtaining photographs and other illustrative material;
- (h) selecting, appraising and revising material submitted by publicity writers, photographers, illustrators and others to create favourable publicity.
Example occupations
Press liaison officer · Publicity agent · Public relations copy writer · Public relations officer
Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits
ESCO occupational vocabulary
Each entry below is matched to this occupation in the published ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk (version 1, 2022). The match types are that crosswalk's; the wording is AI Changing Work's.
- public affairs consultantESCO 2432.8This occupation is broader
Public affairs consultants function as representatives for a client's goal. They attempt to persuade legislative bodies and policy makers to implement laws or regulation in accordance with the client's wishes, and negotiate with parties with potentially conflicting interests. They perform analytical and research duties in order to ensure that the client's cause is being addressed in an appropriate way to the appropriate parties. They also consult their clients on their causes and policies.
- public relations managerESCO 1222.1.2This occupation is broader
Public relations managers strive to convey and maintain a desired image or reputation of a company, individual, governmental institution, or organisation in general to the public and stakeholders at large. They use all sorts of media and events to promote the positive image of products, humanitarian causes or organisations. They attempt to ensure that all public communications portray clients the way they want to be perceived.
- spokespersonESCO 2432.9.1This occupation is broader
Spokespeople speak on behalf of companies or organisations. They use communication strategies to represent clients through public announcements and conferences. They promote their clients in a positive light and work to increase an understanding of their activities and interests.
- public relations officerESCO 2432.9Overlapping, not the same
Public relations officers represent a company or organisation to stakeholders and the public. They use communications strategies to promote an understanding of the activities and image of their clients in a favourable way.
Source: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)
License: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)
ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.
France classification links (ROME)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and ROME 4.0 job profiles, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side. Links marked “provisional” were adopted on the judgments of two judges from the same model family (Claude) alone, or by an operator rule applied to their judgments, so they rest on weaker evidence than confirmed links.
| ROME code | ROME title (French) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| M1719 | Chargé / Chargée des relations avec les influenceurs | This occupation is broader |
| E1103 | Chargé / Chargée des relations publiques | This occupation is broaderprovisional |
| E1112 | Chargé / Chargée de communication | This occupation is broaderprovisional |
| E1101 | Community manager | Related, not a match |
| E1124 | Social media manager - Responsable des médias sociaux | Related, not a matchprovisional |
Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.
ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)
Spain classification links (CNO-11)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and CNO-11 occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| CNO-11 code | CNO-11 title (Spanish) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 2652 | Profesionales de relaciones públicas | Same scope |
| 3535 | Portavoces y agentes de relaciones públicas | This occupation is broaderprovisional |
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)
Germany classification links (KldB)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and KldB occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| KldB code | KldB title (German) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 92203 | Berufe in der Öffentlichkeitsarbeit - komplexe Spezialistentätigkeiten | This occupation is narrowerprovisional |
| 92204 | Berufe in der Öffentlichkeitsarbeit - hoch komplexe Tätigkeiten | This occupation is broaderprovisional |
Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)
Japan classification links (JSCO)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and JSCO occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| JSCO code | JSCO title (Japanese) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 259 | その他の一般事務従事者 | Related, not a match |
Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)
Sources, licenses and AI Changing Work's modification and translation notices for this page: Credits & sources