Correctional Officers and Jailers
Protective Service Occupations- O*NET-SOC code
- 33-3012.00
Guard inmates in penal or rehabilitative institutions in accordance with established regulations and procedures. May guard prisoners in transit between jail, courtroom, prison, or other point. Includes deputy sheriffs and police who spend the majority of their time guarding prisoners in correctional institutions.
- Data source: BLSPublished: 2026-08
Moderate· relative
LowFour relative bandsVery highGroup-level value
Scale, basis and source
Four relative bands (Low / Moderate / High / Very high)
831 detailed occupations in the BLS Employment Projections table. Assigned per National Employment Matrix (NEM) code, so occupations sharing a NEM code carry the same band
- Data source: AnthropicPublished: 2026-03
0.000
0.000Range of values carried here0.745Scale, basis and source
Observed exposure index, 0–1 as published
Mapped onto O*NET tasks
Published per SOC 2018 occupation; every O*NET occupation with the same SOC 2018 code carries this value
- Data source: ILOPublished: 2025
0.14
0.09Range of values carried here0.70Group-level value
Scale, basis and source
Generative AI exposure index, 0–1 as published
Published per ISCO-08 unit group. Linked to this occupation, wholly or in part, by applying U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (ISCO-08 to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to 2018 SOC) as published
What kind of figure this source publishes
The BLS category is a relative rank, not an absolute level, and it is not a first-hand measurement: it groups an occupation's percentile ranks across several published studies into four bands. It is not an employment or wage forecast, not a probability of adoption, and it does not separate automation from augmentation.
Task-level exposure
Show 26 hidden tasks26 rated tasks · 8 tasks with β ≥ 0.5 (30.8%)
β = direct exposure (E1) + 0.5 × exposure when tools are available (E2), per the source repository's definition.
- Source unit: O*NET 27.2 tasks → O*NET 31.0 occupation code
- All rated tasks are in the O*NET 31.0 task list.
- Source
- OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
- Release
- gh-main-0471612
- License
- MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI
| Task (O*NET 30.2) | Claude.aiRaw / share % | APIRaw / share % |
|---|---|---|
Use nondisciplinary tools and equipment, such as a computer.33-3012.00 | 0.1800100.0 | 0.9500100.0 |
Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.
| Task (O*NET 27.2) | βE1 + 0.5 × E2 |
|---|---|
Provide to supervisors oral and written reports of the quality and quantity of work performed by inmates, inmate disturbances and rule violations, and unusual occurrences.O*NET Task ID 2109 | 1.0 |
Maintain records of prisoners' identification and charges.O*NET Task ID 2117 | 1.0 |
Record information, such as prisoner identification, charges, and incidents of inmate disturbance, keeping daily logs of prisoner activities.O*NET Task ID 15255 | 1.0 |
Participate in required job training.O*NET Task ID 15258 | 1.0 |
Use nondisciplinary tools and equipment, such as a computer.O*NET Task ID 15261 | 1.0 |
Inspect mail for the presence of contraband.O*NET Task ID 2104 | 0.5 |
Arrange daily schedules for prisoners, including library visits, work assignments, family visits, and counseling appointments.O*NET Task ID 2112 | 0.5 |
Investigate crimes that have occurred within an institution, or assist police in their investigations of crimes and inmates.O*NET Task ID 2116 | 0.5 |
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page
All O*NET 31.0 task statements (27)
All O*NET 31.0 task statements for this occupation (English, as published; task type core or supplemental). Exposure values are not listed here; they are in the table above, next to each task statement as worded in the O*NET version each source used.
| Task (O*NET 31.0) | Type |
|---|---|
| Guard facility entrances to screen visitors. | Core |
| Inspect mail for the presence of contraband. | Core |
| Take prisoners into custody and escort to locations within and outside of facility, such as visiting room, courtroom, or airport. | Core |
| Use weapons, handcuffs, and physical force to maintain discipline and order among prisoners. | Core |
| Conduct fire, safety, and sanitation inspections. | Core |
| Provide to supervisors oral and written reports of the quality and quantity of work performed by inmates, inmate disturbances and rule violations, and unusual occurrences. | Core |
| Settle disputes between inmates. | Core |
| Drive passenger vehicles and trucks used to transport inmates to other institutions, courtrooms, hospitals, and work sites. | Core |
| Arrange daily schedules for prisoners, including library visits, work assignments, family visits, and counseling appointments. | Core |
| Assign duties to inmates, providing instructions as needed. | Core |
| Issue clothing, tools, and other authorized items to inmates. | Core |
| Maintain records of prisoners' identification and charges. | Core |
| Conduct head counts to ensure that each prisoner is present. | Core |
| Monitor conduct of prisoners in housing unit, or during work or recreational activities, according to established policies, regulations, and procedures, to prevent escape or violence. | Core |
| Inspect conditions of locks, window bars, grills, doors, and gates at correctional facilities to ensure security and help prevent escapes. | Core |
| Record information, such as prisoner identification, charges, and incidents of inmate disturbance, keeping daily logs of prisoner activities. | Core |
| Search prisoners and vehicles and conduct shakedowns of cells for valuables and contraband, such as weapons or drugs. | Core |
| Participate in required job training. | Core |
| Serve meals, distribute commissary items, and dispense prescribed medication to prisoners. | Core |
| Counsel inmates and respond to legitimate questions, concerns, and requests. | Core |
| Use nondisciplinary tools and equipment, such as a computer. | Core |
| Search for and recapture escapees. | Supplemental |
| Investigate crimes that have occurred within an institution, or assist police in their investigations of crimes and inmates. | Supplemental |
| Supervise and coordinate work of other correctional service officers. | Supplemental |
| Sponsor inmate recreational activities, such as newspapers and self-help groups. | Supplemental |
| Process or book convicted individuals into prison. | Supplemental |
| Take fingerprints of arrestees, prisoners, or the general public. | Supplemental |
0.21/ 3· Robot exposure index
Scale, basis and source
Each physical task is graded 0–3 by the setting in which robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated could do it (0 none · 1 purpose-built robot settings such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line · 2 structured facilities such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port · 3 unstructured settings such as a private home or a construction site), and the grades are averaged by share of working time
Physical tasks among this occupation's O*NET 29.3 tasks
Anthropic estimated the grades and time shares with Claude Opus 5 using web search, as of 2026.
The robot exposure index is a different measure from the AI exposure figures on this site and cannot be added to or compared with them. It does not measure actual adoption or cost, and 0 also covers occupations with no physical tasks.
Tier of each physical task
Robot environment tiers (E0–E3)
E0 noneDetails
Rated not doable by robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated, even in a purpose-built setting
E1 purpose-built robot settingsDetails
Rated doable in a setting built around the machine, such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line
E2 structured facilitiesDetails
Rated doable in a human work facility that an institution keeps to a working standard, such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port
E3 unstructured settingsDetails
Rated doable in a setting that no institution keeps to a working standard, such as a private home or a construction site
Only tasks classified as physical are listed; other tasks have no tier in the source.
| Task (O*NET 29.3) | Robot environment tier |
|---|---|
| Guard facility entrances to screen visitors. | E0 none |
| Inspect mail for the presence of contraband. | E0 none |
| Take prisoners into custody and escort to locations within and outside of facility, such as visiting room, courtroom, or airport. | E0 none |
| Use weapons, handcuffs, and physical force to maintain discipline and order among prisoners. | E0 none |
| Conduct fire, safety, and sanitation inspections. | E0 none |
| Settle disputes between inmates. | E0 none |
| Drive passenger vehicles and trucks used to transport inmates to other institutions, courtrooms, hospitals, and work sites. | E3 unstructured settings |
| Issue clothing, tools, and other authorized items to inmates. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Conduct head counts to ensure that each prisoner is present. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Monitor conduct of prisoners in housing unit, or during work or recreational activities, according to established policies, regulations, and procedures, to prevent escape or violence. | E0 none |
| Inspect conditions of locks, window bars, grills, doors, and gates at correctional facilities to ensure security and help prevent escapes. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Search prisoners and vehicles and conduct shakedowns of cells for valuables and contraband, such as weapons or drugs. | E0 none |
| Participate in required job training. | E0 none |
| Serve meals, distribute commissary items, and dispense prescribed medication to prisoners. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Search for and recapture escapees. | E0 none |
| Investigate crimes that have occurred within an institution, or assist police in their investigations of crimes and inmates. | E0 none |
| Process or book convicted individuals into prison. | E0 none |
| Take fingerprints of arrestees, prisoners, or the general public. | E0 none |
Occupation information
Employment outlook (BLS)
- Employment, 2025
- 398K
- Projected employment, 2035
- 368K
- Change (2025–35)
- -7.4%
- Median annual wage, 2025
- $58,940
- Typical education needed for entry
- High school diploma or equivalent
Korea classification links (KSCO)
Links from the current release of the Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1, made by AI Changing Work. Relation values are read from the O*NET-SOC occupation side.
| KSCO code | KSCO title | Relation | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| 41132 | 교도관 | Same scope | confirmed |
| 41131 | 소년원 학교 교사 | Related, not a match | confirmed |
Relation and status definitions(kr-direct v1.1)
ILO occupational description
AI Changing Work links the ISCO-08 unit groups below to this occupation by applying the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (2018 SOC to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to ISCO-08) as published, without case-by-case selection; each link may be whole or partial.
- ISCO-08 5413Prison Guards
The definition, tasks and examples below are the ILO's description of that unit group, not of this occupation.
Prison guards watch over and maintain order among inmates of prisons, reformatories or penitentiaries.
Tasks
- (a) searching arriving prisoners, putting their valuables in safekeeping, escorting prisoners to cells and locking them in;
- (b) making periodic inspection tours of cells and inspecting and maintaining the security of locks, windows, doors and gates;
- (c) supervising prisoners at work and meals, and during recreation periods;
- (d) observing the conduct and behaviour of prisoners to prevent disturbances and escapes;
- (e) patrolling prison areas to prevent escapes;
- (f) assisting with the implementation of rehabilitation programmes;
- (g) escorting prisoners in transit and during temporary leave.
Example occupations
Prison guard
Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits
ESCO occupational vocabulary
Each entry below is matched to this occupation in the published ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk (version 1, 2022). The match types are that crosswalk's; the wording is AI Changing Work's.
- prison officerESCO 5413.2Same scope
Prison officers supervise inmates in a correctional facility and ensure the security and peace-keeping in the facility. They perform checks and searches to ensure compliance to regulations, monitor visitations and the activities of inmates as well as participate in programs of rehabilitation, and ensure records maintenance.
- court bailiffESCO 3411.4This occupation is broader
Court bailiffs maintain order and security in courtrooms. They transport offenders to and from the courtroom, ensure necessary supplies are present in the courtroom, and investigate the premises and examine individuals to ensure there are no threats. They also open and close court, and call witnesses.
- juvenile correctional officerESCO 5413.1This occupation is broader
Juvenile correctional officers monitor and provide security to juvenile offenders. They ensure the safety of the facility compliant with rules and regulations, compile reports on the daily activities as well as in the case of incidents, and report unusual activity. They also supervise rehabilitation procedures of the offenders.
- probation officerESCO 2635.3.21This occupation is broader
Probation officers supervise offenders after their release, or who were sentenced to penalties outside of incarceration. They write reports providing advice on the offender's sentence and analysis concerning possibilities of reoffense. They aid the offenders during the rehabilitation and reintegration process and ensure the offenders carry out their community service sentence when necessary.
- correctional services managerESCO 1349.10Overlapping, not the same
Correctional services managers manage the operations of a correctional facility. They supervise personnel, develop and oversee correctional procedures, and ensure the operation is compliant with legal regulations. They perform administrative duties and facilitate cooperation with external institutions and staff providing aid to the facility.
Source: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)
License: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)
ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.
France classification links (ROME)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and ROME 4.0 job profiles, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side. Links marked “provisional” were adopted on the judgments of two judges from the same model family (Claude) alone, or by an operator rule applied to their judgments, so they rest on weaker evidence than confirmed links.
| ROME code | ROME title (French) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| K1711 | Surveillant pénitentiaire / Surveillante pénitentiaire | Same scopeprovisional |
Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.
ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)
Spain classification links (CNO-11)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and CNO-11 occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| CNO-11 code | CNO-11 title (Spanish) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 5991 | Vigilantes de prisiones | Same scopeprovisional |
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)
Germany classification links (KldB)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and KldB occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| KldB code | KldB title (German) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 53242 | Berufe im Justizvollzugsdienst - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten | Same scopeprovisional |
Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)
Japan classification links (JSCO)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and JSCO occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| JSCO code | JSCO title (Japanese) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 451 | 看守 | Same scopeprovisional |
| 453 | 警備員 | Related, not a matchprovisional |
Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)
Sources, licenses and AI Changing Work's modification and translation notices for this page: Credits & sources