Transportation Security Screeners
Protective Service Occupations- O*NET-SOC code
- 33-9093.00
Conduct screening of passengers, baggage, or cargo to ensure compliance with Transportation Security Administration (TSA) regulations. May operate basic security equipment such as x-ray machines and hand wands at screening checkpoints.
- Data source: BLSPublished: 2026-08
Moderate· relative
LowFour relative bandsVery highGroup-level value
Scale, basis and source
Four relative bands (Low / Moderate / High / Very high)
831 detailed occupations in the BLS Employment Projections table. Assigned per National Employment Matrix (NEM) code, so occupations sharing a NEM code carry the same band
- Data source: AnthropicPublished: 2026-03
0.000
0.000Range of values carried here0.745Scale, basis and source
Observed exposure index, 0–1 as published
Mapped onto O*NET tasks
Published per SOC 2018 occupation; every O*NET occupation with the same SOC 2018 code carries this value
- Data source: ILOPublished: 2025
0.20
0.09Range of values carried here0.70Group-level value
Scale, basis and source
Generative AI exposure index, 0–1 as published
Published per ISCO-08 unit group. Linked to this occupation, wholly or in part, by applying U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (ISCO-08 to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to 2018 SOC) as published
What kind of figure this source publishes
The BLS category is a relative rank, not an absolute level, and it is not a first-hand measurement: it groups an occupation's percentile ranks across several published studies into four bands. It is not an employment or wage forecast, not a probability of adoption, and it does not separate automation from augmentation.
Task-level exposure
Exposed tasks only26 rated tasks · 14 tasks with β ≥ 0.5 (53.8%)
β = direct exposure (E1) + 0.5 × exposure when tools are available (E2), per the source repository's definition.
- Source unit: O*NET 27.2 tasks → O*NET 31.0 occupation code
- All rated tasks are in the O*NET 31.0 task list.
- Source
- OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
- Release
- gh-main-0471612
- License
- MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI
| Task (O*NET 30.2) | APIRaw / share % |
|---|---|
Decide whether baggage that triggers alarms should be searched or should be allowed to pass through.33-9093.00 | 0.0300100.0 |
Notify supervisors or other appropriate personnel when security breaches occur.33-9093.00 | 0.00000.0 |
| Not observed on any surface — 24 task(s) — These tasks have no row in the source for this release. The 0 in the share row is a display-stage composition ratio; absence is what the — in the raw row states. | |
Ask passengers to remove shoes and divest themselves of metal objects prior to walking through metal detectors. | —0 |
Check passengers' tickets to ensure that they are valid, and to determine whether passengers have designations that require special handling, such as providing photo identification. | —0 |
Close entry areas following security breaches or reopen areas after receiving notification that the airport is secure. | —0 |
Confiscate dangerous items and hazardous materials found in opened bags and turn them over to airlines for disposal. | —0 |
Contact leads or supervisors to discuss objects of concern that are not on prohibited object lists. | —0 |
Contact police directly in cases of urgent security issues, using phones or two-way radios. | —0 |
Direct passengers to areas where they can pick up their baggage after screening is complete. | —0 |
Inform other screeners when baggage should not be opened because it might contain explosives. | —0 |
Inform passengers of how to mail prohibited items to themselves, or confiscate these items. | —0 |
Inspect carry-on items, using x-ray viewing equipment, to determine whether items contain objects that warrant further investigation. | —0 |
Inspect checked baggage for signs of tampering. | —0 |
Monitor passenger flow through screening checkpoints to ensure order and efficiency. | —0 |
Perform pat-down or hand-held wand searches of passengers who have triggered machine alarms, who are unable to pass through metal detectors, or who have been randomly identified for such searches. | —0 |
Record information about any baggage that sets off alarms in monitoring equipment. | —0 |
Search carry-on or checked baggage by hand when it is suspected to contain prohibited items such as weapons. | —0 |
Send checked baggage through automated screening machines, and set bags aside for searching or rescreening as indicated by equipment. | —0 |
Test baggage for any explosive materials, using equipment such as explosive detection machines or chemical swab systems. | —0 |
Watch for potentially dangerous persons whose pictures are posted at checkpoints. | —0 |
Challenge suspicious people, requesting their badges and asking what their business is in a particular areas. | —0 |
Follow those who breach security until police or other security personnel arrive to apprehend them. | —0 |
Patrol work areas to detect any suspicious items. | —0 |
Provide directions and respond to passenger inquiries. | —0 |
Locate suspicious bags pictured in printouts sent from remote monitoring areas, and set these bags aside for inspection. | —0 |
View images of checked bags and cargo, using remote screening equipment, and alert baggage screeners or handlers to any possible problems. | —0 |
Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.
| Task (O*NET 27.2) | βE1 + 0.5 × E2 |
|---|---|
Check passengers' tickets to ensure that they are valid, and to determine whether passengers have designations that require special handling, such as providing photo identification.O*NET Task ID 15332 | 0.5 |
Contact leads or supervisors to discuss objects of concern that are not on prohibited object lists.O*NET Task ID 15335 | 0.5 |
Decide whether baggage that triggers alarms should be searched or should be allowed to pass through.O*NET Task ID 15337 | 0.5 |
Inform other screeners when baggage should not be opened because it might contain explosives.O*NET Task ID 15339 | 0.5 |
Inspect carry-on items, using x-ray viewing equipment, to determine whether items contain objects that warrant further investigation.O*NET Task ID 15341 | 0.5 |
Inspect checked baggage for signs of tampering.O*NET Task ID 15342 | 0.5 |
Locate suspicious bags pictured in printouts sent from remote monitoring areas, and set these bags aside for inspection.O*NET Task ID 15343 | 0.5 |
Monitor passenger flow through screening checkpoints to ensure order and efficiency.O*NET Task ID 15344 | 0.5 |
Record information about any baggage that sets off alarms in monitoring equipment.O*NET Task ID 15347 | 0.5 |
Test baggage for any explosive materials, using equipment such as explosive detection machines or chemical swab systems.O*NET Task ID 15350 | 0.5 |
View images of checked bags and cargo, using remote screening equipment, and alert baggage screeners or handlers to any possible problems.O*NET Task ID 15351 | 0.5 |
Watch for potentially dangerous persons whose pictures are posted at checkpoints.O*NET Task ID 15352 | 0.5 |
Patrol work areas to detect any suspicious items.O*NET Task ID 15355 | 0.5 |
Provide directions and respond to passenger inquiries.O*NET Task ID 15356 | 0.5 |
Ask passengers to remove shoes and divest themselves of metal objects prior to walking through metal detectors.O*NET Task ID 15331 | 0.0 |
Close entry areas following security breaches or reopen areas after receiving notification that the airport is secure.O*NET Task ID 15333 | 0.0 |
Confiscate dangerous items and hazardous materials found in opened bags and turn them over to airlines for disposal.O*NET Task ID 15334 | 0.0 |
Contact police directly in cases of urgent security issues, using phones or two-way radios.O*NET Task ID 15336 | 0.0 |
Direct passengers to areas where they can pick up their baggage after screening is complete.O*NET Task ID 15338 | 0.0 |
Inform passengers of how to mail prohibited items to themselves, or confiscate these items.O*NET Task ID 15340 | 0.0 |
Notify supervisors or other appropriate personnel when security breaches occur.O*NET Task ID 15345 | 0.0 |
Perform pat-down or hand-held wand searches of passengers who have triggered machine alarms, who are unable to pass through metal detectors, or who have been randomly identified for such searches.O*NET Task ID 15346 | 0.0 |
Search carry-on or checked baggage by hand when it is suspected to contain prohibited items such as weapons.O*NET Task ID 15348 | 0.0 |
Send checked baggage through automated screening machines, and set bags aside for searching or rescreening as indicated by equipment.O*NET Task ID 15349 | 0.0 |
Challenge suspicious people, requesting their badges and asking what their business is in a particular areas.O*NET Task ID 15353 | 0.0 |
Follow those who breach security until police or other security personnel arrive to apprehend them.O*NET Task ID 15354 | 0.0 |
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page
All O*NET 31.0 task statements (26)
All O*NET 31.0 task statements for this occupation (English, as published; task type core or supplemental). Exposure values are not listed here; they are in the table above, next to each task statement as worded in the O*NET version each source used.
| Task (O*NET 31.0) | Type |
|---|---|
| Ask passengers to remove shoes and divest themselves of metal objects prior to walking through metal detectors. | Core |
| Check passengers' tickets to ensure that they are valid, and to determine whether passengers have designations that require special handling, such as providing photo identification. | Core |
| Close entry areas following security breaches or reopen areas after receiving notification that the airport is secure. | Core |
| Confiscate dangerous items and hazardous materials found in opened bags and turn them over to airlines for disposal. | Core |
| Contact leads or supervisors to discuss objects of concern that are not on prohibited object lists. | Core |
| Contact police directly in cases of urgent security issues, using phones or two-way radios. | Core |
| Decide whether baggage that triggers alarms should be searched or should be allowed to pass through. | Core |
| Direct passengers to areas where they can pick up their baggage after screening is complete. | Core |
| Inform other screeners when baggage should not be opened because it might contain explosives. | Core |
| Inform passengers of how to mail prohibited items to themselves, or confiscate these items. | Core |
| Inspect carry-on items, using x-ray viewing equipment, to determine whether items contain objects that warrant further investigation. | Core |
| Inspect checked baggage for signs of tampering. | Core |
| Monitor passenger flow through screening checkpoints to ensure order and efficiency. | Core |
| Notify supervisors or other appropriate personnel when security breaches occur. | Core |
| Perform pat-down or hand-held wand searches of passengers who have triggered machine alarms, who are unable to pass through metal detectors, or who have been randomly identified for such searches. | Core |
| Record information about any baggage that sets off alarms in monitoring equipment. | Core |
| Search carry-on or checked baggage by hand when it is suspected to contain prohibited items such as weapons. | Core |
| Send checked baggage through automated screening machines, and set bags aside for searching or rescreening as indicated by equipment. | Core |
| Test baggage for any explosive materials, using equipment such as explosive detection machines or chemical swab systems. | Core |
| Watch for potentially dangerous persons whose pictures are posted at checkpoints. | Core |
| Challenge suspicious people, requesting their badges and asking what their business is in a particular areas. | Core |
| Follow those who breach security until police or other security personnel arrive to apprehend them. | Core |
| Patrol work areas to detect any suspicious items. | Core |
| Provide directions and respond to passenger inquiries. | Core |
| Locate suspicious bags pictured in printouts sent from remote monitoring areas, and set these bags aside for inspection. | Supplemental |
| View images of checked bags and cargo, using remote screening equipment, and alert baggage screeners or handlers to any possible problems. | Supplemental |
0.41/ 3· Robot exposure index
Scale, basis and source
Each physical task is graded 0–3 by the setting in which robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated could do it (0 none · 1 purpose-built robot settings such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line · 2 structured facilities such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port · 3 unstructured settings such as a private home or a construction site), and the grades are averaged by share of working time
Physical tasks among this occupation's O*NET 29.3 tasks
Anthropic estimated the grades and time shares with Claude Opus 5 using web search, as of 2026.
The robot exposure index is a different measure from the AI exposure figures on this site and cannot be added to or compared with them. It does not measure actual adoption or cost, and 0 also covers occupations with no physical tasks.
Tier of each physical task
Robot environment tiers (E0–E3)
E0 noneDetails
Rated not doable by robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated, even in a purpose-built setting
E1 purpose-built robot settingsDetails
Rated doable in a setting built around the machine, such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line
E2 structured facilitiesDetails
Rated doable in a human work facility that an institution keeps to a working standard, such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port
E3 unstructured settingsDetails
Rated doable in a setting that no institution keeps to a working standard, such as a private home or a construction site
Only tasks classified as physical are listed; other tasks have no tier in the source.
| Task (O*NET 29.3) | Robot environment tier |
|---|---|
| Check passengers' tickets to ensure that they are valid, and to determine whether passengers have designations that require special handling, such as providing photo identification. | E2 structured facilities |
| Close entry areas following security breaches or reopen areas after receiving notification that the airport is secure. | E2 structured facilities |
| Confiscate dangerous items and hazardous materials found in opened bags and turn them over to airlines for disposal. | E0 none |
| Inform passengers of how to mail prohibited items to themselves, or confiscate these items. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Inspect checked baggage for signs of tampering. | E2 structured facilities |
| Perform pat-down or hand-held wand searches of passengers who have triggered machine alarms, who are unable to pass through metal detectors, or who have been randomly identified for such searches. | E0 none |
| Search carry-on or checked baggage by hand when it is suspected to contain prohibited items such as weapons. | E0 none |
| Send checked baggage through automated screening machines, and set bags aside for searching or rescreening as indicated by equipment. | E2 structured facilities |
| Test baggage for any explosive materials, using equipment such as explosive detection machines or chemical swab systems. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Follow those who breach security until police or other security personnel arrive to apprehend them. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Patrol work areas to detect any suspicious items. | E2 structured facilities |
| Locate suspicious bags pictured in printouts sent from remote monitoring areas, and set these bags aside for inspection. | E2 structured facilities |
Occupation information
Employment outlook (BLS)
- Employment, 2025
- 54K
- Projected employment, 2035
- 51K
- Change (2025–35)
- -4.2%
- Median annual wage, 2025
- $66,770
- Typical education needed for entry
- High school diploma or equivalent
Korea classification links (KSCO)
Links from the current release of the Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1, made by AI Changing Work. Relation values are read from the O*NET-SOC occupation side.
| KSCO code | KSCO title | Relation | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| 41234 | 특수 경비원 | This occupation is narrower | confirmed |
Relation and status definitions(kr-direct v1.1)
ILO occupational description
AI Changing Work links the ISCO-08 unit groups below to this occupation by applying the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (2018 SOC to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to ISCO-08) as published, without case-by-case selection; each link may be whole or partial.
- ISCO-08 5414Security Guards
The definition, tasks and examples below are the ILO's description of that unit group, not of this occupation.
Security guards patrol or monitor premises to guard property against theft and vandalism. They control access to establishments and maintain order and enforce regulations at public events and within establishments.
Tasks
- (a) patrolling premises and checking doors, windows and gates to prevent and detect signs of unauthorised entry;
- (b) controlling access to establishments, monitoring and authorizing the entrance or departure of employees and visitors, checking identification and issuing security passes;
- (c) circulating among visitors, patrons, or employees to preserve order, protect property from theft or vandalism and enforce the regulations of the establishment;
- (d) responding to alarms, investigating disturbances and contacting superiors, police or fire fighters as appropriate;
- (e) performing security checks of passengers and luggage at airports;
- (f) picking up and ensuring the safe delivery of cash and valuables to banks, automated teller machines and retail establishments.
Example occupations
Bodyguard · Doorkeeper · Museum guard · Security guard · Security patrolman/woman · Watchman/woman
Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits
ESCO occupational vocabulary
Each entry below is matched to this occupation in the published ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk (version 1, 2022). The match types are that crosswalk's; the wording is AI Changing Work's.
- hand luggage inspectorESCO 3351.2This occupation is broader
Hand luggage inspectors check individuals' luggage to detect potential threatening objects. They comply with public safety regulations and company's procedure.
- airport security officerESCO 5414.1.1Overlapping, not the same
Airport security officers interact with passengers to ensure smooth transition between areas of the airport, compliant with safety regulations. They perform searches of passengers, their ID and baggage in order to ensure safety and to prevent illegal activity.
Source: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)
License: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)
ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.
France classification links (ROME)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and ROME 4.0 job profiles, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side. Links marked “provisional” were adopted on the judgments of two judges from the same model family (Claude) alone, or by an operator rule applied to their judgments, so they rest on weaker evidence than confirmed links.
| ROME code | ROME title (French) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| K2507 | Agent / Agente d'exploitation et de sûreté aéroportuaire | Same scopeprovisional |
| K2512 | Agent / Agente de sûreté portuaire | Related, not a matchprovisional |
Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.
ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)
Spain classification links (CNO-11)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and CNO-11 occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| CNO-11 code | CNO-11 title (Spanish) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 5941 | Vigilantes de seguridad y similares habilitados para ir armados | This occupation is narrowerprovisional |
| 5942 | Auxiliares de vigilante de seguridad y similares no habilitados para ir armados | Related, not a match |
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)
Germany classification links (KldB)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and KldB occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| KldB code | KldB title (German) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 53111 | Berufe im Objekt-, Werte- und Personenschutz - Helfer-/Anlerntätigkeiten | This occupation is narrowerprovisional |
| 53112 | Berufe im Objekt-, Werte- und Personenschutz - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten | Related, not a match |
Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)
Japan classification links (JSCO)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and JSCO occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| JSCO code | JSCO title (Japanese) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 453 | 警備員 | This occupation is narrower |
Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)
Sources, licenses and AI Changing Work's modification and translation notices for this page: Credits & sources