First-Line Supervisors of Gambling Services Workers
Personal Care and Service Occupations- O*NET-SOC code
- 39-1013.00
Directly supervise and coordinate activities of workers in assigned gambling areas. May circulate among tables, observe operations, and ensure that stations and games are covered for each shift. May verify and pay off jackpots. May reset slot machines after payoffs and make repairs or adjustments to slot machines or recommend removal of slot machines for repair. May plan and organize activities and services for guests in hotels/casinos.
- Data source: BLSPublished: 2026-08
High· relative
LowFour relative bandsVery highGroup-level value
Scale, basis and source
Four relative bands (Low / Moderate / High / Very high)
831 detailed occupations in the BLS Employment Projections table. Assigned per National Employment Matrix (NEM) code, so occupations sharing a NEM code carry the same band
- Data source: AnthropicPublished: 2026-03
0.000
0.000Range of values carried here0.745Scale, basis and source
Observed exposure index, 0–1 as published
Mapped onto O*NET tasks
Published per SOC 2018 occupation; every O*NET occupation with the same SOC 2018 code carries this value
- Data source: ILOPublished: 2025
0.45
0.09Range of values carried here0.70Group-level value
Scale, basis and source
Generative AI exposure index, 0–1 as published
Published per ISCO-08 unit group. Linked to this occupation, wholly or in part, by applying U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (ISCO-08 to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to 2018 SOC) as published
What kind of figure this source publishes
The BLS category is a relative rank, not an absolute level, and it is not a first-hand measurement: it groups an occupation's percentile ranks across several published studies into four bands. It is not an employment or wage forecast, not a probability of adoption, and it does not separate automation from augmentation.
Task-level exposure
Show 28 hidden tasks30 rated tasks · 18 tasks with β ≥ 0.5 (60.0%)
β = direct exposure (E1) + 0.5 × exposure when tools are available (E2), per the source repository's definition.
- Source unit: O*NET 27.2 tasks → O*NET 31.0 occupation code
- All rated tasks are in the O*NET 31.0 task list.
- Source
- OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
- Release
- gh-main-0471612
- License
- MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI
Tasks of O*NET-SOC 2010 occupations 39-1011.00 Gaming Supervisors; 39-1012.00 Slot Supervisors, linked to this occupation by the O*NET-SOC 2010 to 2019 crosswalk
| Task (O*NET 20.1) | Claude.aiRaw / share % | APIRaw / share % |
|---|---|---|
Greet customers and ask about the quality of service they are receiving.39-1011.00 | 0.032876.5 | 0.013470.3 |
Explain and interpret house rules, such as game rules or betting limits, for patrons.39-1011.00 | 0.005212.1 | —0 |
Evaluate workers' performance and prepare written performance evaluations.39-1011.00 | 0.004911.4 | —0 |
Record the specifics of malfunctioning machines and document malfunctions needing repair. | —0 | 0.003618.9 |
Resolve customer or employee complaints. | —0 | 0.002110.8 |
Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.
| Task (O*NET 27.2) | βE1 + 0.5 × E2 |
|---|---|
Perform paperwork required for monetary transactions.O*NET Task ID 23133 | 1.0 |
Explain and interpret house rules, such as game rules or betting limits, for patrons.O*NET Task ID 23134 | 1.0 |
Answer patrons' questions about gaming machine functions and payouts.O*NET Task ID 23137 | 1.0 |
Record the specifics of malfunctioning machines and document malfunctions needing repair.O*NET Task ID 23138 | 1.0 |
Report customer-related incidents occurring in gaming areas to supervisors.O*NET Task ID 23139 | 1.0 |
Establish and maintain banks and table limits for each game.O*NET Task ID 23140 | 1.0 |
Evaluate workers' performance and prepare written performance evaluations.O*NET Task ID 23146 | 1.0 |
Direct workers compiling summary sheets for each race or event to record amounts wagered and amounts to be paid to winners.O*NET Task ID 23151 | 1.0 |
Establish policies on types of gambling offered, odds, or extension of credit.O*NET Task ID 23154 | 1.0 |
Monitor game operations to ensure that house rules are followed, that tribal, state, and federal regulations are adhered to, and that employees provide prompt and courteous service.O*NET Task ID 23127 | 0.5 |
Respond to and resolve patrons' complaints.O*NET Task ID 23128 | 0.5 |
Maintain familiarity with the games at a facility and with strategies or tricks used by cheaters at such games.O*NET Task ID 23135 | 0.5 |
Record, issue receipts for, and pay off bets.O*NET Task ID 23148 | 0.5 |
Determine how many gaming tables to open each day and schedule staff accordingly.O*NET Task ID 23150 | 0.5 |
Supervise the distribution of complimentary meals, hotel rooms, discounts, or other items given to players, based on length of play and amount bet.O*NET Task ID 23152 | 0.5 |
Review operational expenses, budget estimates, betting accounts, or collection reports for accuracy.O*NET Task ID 23153 | 0.5 |
Interview and hire workers.O*NET Task ID 23155 | 0.5 |
Train, supervise, schedule, and evaluate workers.O*NET Task ID 23156 | 0.5 |
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page
All O*NET 31.0 task statements (30)
All O*NET 31.0 task statements for this occupation (English, as published; task type core or supplemental). Exposure values are not listed here; they are in the table above, next to each task statement as worded in the O*NET version each source used.
| Task (O*NET 31.0) | Type |
|---|---|
| Monitor game operations to ensure that house rules are followed, that tribal, state, and federal regulations are adhered to, and that employees provide prompt and courteous service. | Core |
| Respond to and resolve patrons' complaints. | Core |
| Observe gamblers' behavior for signs of cheating, such as marking, switching, or counting cards, and notify security staff of suspected cheating. | Core |
| Perform minor repairs or make adjustments to slot machines, resolving problems such as machine tilts and coin jams. | Core |
| Monitor payment of hand-delivered jackpots to ensure promptness. | Core |
| Greet customers and ask about the quality of service they are receiving. | Core |
| Perform paperwork required for monetary transactions. | Core |
| Explain and interpret house rules, such as game rules or betting limits, for patrons. | Core |
| Maintain familiarity with the games at a facility and with strategies or tricks used by cheaters at such games. | Core |
| Reset slot machines after payoffs. | Core |
| Answer patrons' questions about gaming machine functions and payouts. | Core |
| Record the specifics of malfunctioning machines and document malfunctions needing repair. | Core |
| Report customer-related incidents occurring in gaming areas to supervisors. | Core |
| Establish and maintain banks and table limits for each game. | Core |
| Attach "out of order" signs to malfunctioning machines, and notify technicians when machines need to be repaired or removed. | Core |
| Enforce safety rules, and report or remove safety hazards as well as guests who are underage, intoxicated, disruptive, or cheating. | Core |
| Exchange currency for customers, converting currency into requested combinations of bills and coins. | Core |
| Monitor stations and games and move dealers from game to game to ensure adequate staffing. | Core |
| Clean and maintain slot machines and surrounding areas. | Core |
| Evaluate workers' performance and prepare written performance evaluations. | Core |
| Monitor patrons for signs of compulsive gambling, offering assistance if necessary. | Core |
| Supervise the distribution of complimentary meals, hotel rooms, discounts, or other items given to players, based on length of play and amount bet. | Core |
| Record, issue receipts for, and pay off bets. | Supplemental |
| Monitor functioning of slot machine coin dispensers and fill coin hoppers when necessary. | Supplemental |
| Determine how many gaming tables to open each day and schedule staff accordingly. | Supplemental |
| Direct workers compiling summary sheets for each race or event to record amounts wagered and amounts to be paid to winners. | Supplemental |
| Review operational expenses, budget estimates, betting accounts, or collection reports for accuracy. | Supplemental |
| Establish policies on types of gambling offered, odds, or extension of credit. | Supplemental |
| Interview and hire workers. | — |
| Train, supervise, schedule, and evaluate workers. | — |
0.12/ 3· Robot exposure index
Scale, basis and source
Each physical task is graded 0–3 by the setting in which robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated could do it (0 none · 1 purpose-built robot settings such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line · 2 structured facilities such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port · 3 unstructured settings such as a private home or a construction site), and the grades are averaged by share of working time
Physical tasks among this occupation's O*NET 29.3 tasks
Anthropic estimated the grades and time shares with Claude Opus 5 using web search, as of 2026.
The robot exposure index is a different measure from the AI exposure figures on this site and cannot be added to or compared with them. It does not measure actual adoption or cost, and 0 also covers occupations with no physical tasks.
Tier of each physical task
Robot environment tiers (E0–E3)
E0 noneDetails
Rated not doable by robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated, even in a purpose-built setting
E1 purpose-built robot settingsDetails
Rated doable in a setting built around the machine, such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line
E2 structured facilitiesDetails
Rated doable in a human work facility that an institution keeps to a working standard, such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port
E3 unstructured settingsDetails
Rated doable in a setting that no institution keeps to a working standard, such as a private home or a construction site
Only tasks classified as physical are listed; other tasks have no tier in the source.
| Task (O*NET 29.3) | Robot environment tier |
|---|---|
| Perform minor repairs or make adjustments to slot machines, resolving problems such as machine tilts and coin jams. | E0 none |
| Reset slot machines after payoffs. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Attach "out of order" signs to malfunctioning machines, and notify technicians when machines need to be repaired or removed. | E2 structured facilities |
| Exchange currency for customers, converting currency into requested combinations of bills and coins. | E2 structured facilities |
| Clean and maintain slot machines and surrounding areas. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Record, issue receipts for, and pay off bets. | E2 structured facilities |
| Monitor functioning of slot machine coin dispensers and fill coin hoppers when necessary. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
Occupation information
Employment outlook (BLS)
- Employment, 2025
- 27K
- Projected employment, 2035
- 28K
- Change (2025–35)
- +3.5%
- Median annual wage, 2025
- $63,820
- Typical education needed for entry
- High school diploma or equivalent
Korea classification links (KSCO)
Links from the current release of the Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1, made by AI Changing Work. Relation values are read from the O*NET-SOC occupation side.
| KSCO code | KSCO title | Relation | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| 15213 | 오락 및 스포츠 관련 관리자 | Related, not a match | confirmed |
Relation and status definitions(kr-direct v1.1)
ILO occupational description
AI Changing Work links the ISCO-08 unit groups below to this occupation by applying the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (2018 SOC to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to ISCO-08) as published, without case-by-case selection; each link may be whole or partial.
- ISCO-08 4212Bookmakers, Croupiers and Related Gaming Workers
The definition, tasks and examples below are the ILO's description of that unit group, not of this occupation.
Bookmakers and croupiers and related gambling workers determine odds and receive and pay off bets on results of sporting or other events, or conduct games of chance in gambling establishments.
Tasks
- (a) determining risks to decide odds and to hedge or refuse bets;
- (b) preparing and issuing lists of approximate odds;
- (c) distributing cards, rolling dice or spinning a roulette wheel;
- (d) explaining and interpreting operating rules of a gambling establishment;
- (e) announcing winning numbers, paying winners and collecting payments from losers.
Example occupations
Bookmaker · Croupier
Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits
ESCO occupational vocabulary
Each entry below is matched to this occupation in the published ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk (version 1, 2022). The match types are that crosswalk's; the wording is AI Changing Work's.
- casino gaming managerESCO 4212.4Same scope
Casino gaming managers oversee the day-to-day operations of gaming facilities. They supervise personnel, monitor the gaming areas, oversee the security services, ensure that all gaming rules are followed, and monitor compliance with regulatory requirements, responsible for implementing the operational objectives of the business.
- gambling managerESCO 1431.2.3Overlapping, not the same
Gambling managers organise and coordinate the activities of a gambling facility. They oversee daily operations and facilitate communications between staff and customers. They manage and train staff and strive to improve the profitability of their business. They take responsibility for all gambling activities and ensure that relevant gambling rules and regulations are followed.
Source: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)
License: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)
ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.
France classification links (ROME)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and ROME 4.0 job profiles, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side. Links marked “provisional” were adopted on the judgments of two judges from the same model family (Claude) alone, or by an operator rule applied to their judgments, so they rest on weaker evidence than confirmed links.
| ROME code | ROME title (French) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| G1244 | Directeur / Directrice des jeux | Overlapping, not the sameprovisional |
| G1206 | Croupier / Croupière | Related, not a matchprovisional |
| G1417 | Exploitant / Exploitante de casino de jeux | Related, not a matchprovisional |
Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.
ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)
Spain classification links (CNO-11)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and CNO-11 occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| CNO-11 code | CNO-11 title (Spanish) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 4443 | Empleados de sala de juegos y afines | This occupation is narrowerprovisional |
| 1501 | Directores y gerentes de empresas de actividades recreativas, culturales y deportivas | Related, not a matchprovisional |
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)
Germany classification links (KldB)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and KldB occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| KldB code | KldB title (German) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 94342 | Berufe im Bereich Glücks- und Wettspiel - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten | Related, not a match |
Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)
Japan classification links (JSCO)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and JSCO occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| JSCO code | JSCO title (Japanese) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 407 | 娯楽場等接客員 | This occupation is narrowerprovisional |
Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)
Sources, licenses and AI Changing Work's modification and translation notices for this page: Credits & sources