Gambling Dealers
Personal Care and Service Occupations- O*NET-SOC code
- 39-3011.00
Operate table games. Stand or sit behind table and operate games of chance by dispensing the appropriate number of cards or blocks to players, or operating other gambling equipment. Distribute winnings or collect players' money or chips. May compare the house's hand against players' hands.
- Data source: BLSPublished: 2026-08
Moderate· relative
LowFour relative bandsVery highGroup-level value
Scale, basis and source
Four relative bands (Low / Moderate / High / Very high)
831 detailed occupations in the BLS Employment Projections table. Assigned per National Employment Matrix (NEM) code, so occupations sharing a NEM code carry the same band
- Data source: AnthropicPublished: 2026-03
0.000
0.000Range of values carried here0.745Scale, basis and source
Observed exposure index, 0–1 as published
Mapped onto O*NET tasks
Published per SOC 2018 occupation; every O*NET occupation with the same SOC 2018 code carries this value
- Data source: ILOPublished: 2025
0.45
0.09Range of values carried here0.70Group-level value
Scale, basis and source
Generative AI exposure index, 0–1 as published
Published per ISCO-08 unit group. Linked to this occupation, wholly or in part, by applying U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (ISCO-08 to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to 2018 SOC) as published
What kind of figure this source publishes
The BLS category is a relative rank, not an absolute level, and it is not a first-hand measurement: it groups an occupation's percentile ranks across several published studies into four bands. It is not an employment or wage forecast, not a probability of adoption, and it does not separate automation from augmentation.
Task-level exposure
Show 18 hidden tasks21 rated tasks · 3 tasks with β ≥ 0.5 (14.3%)
β = direct exposure (E1) + 0.5 × exposure when tools are available (E2), per the source repository's definition.
- Source unit: O*NET 27.2 tasks → O*NET 31.0 occupation code
- All rated tasks are in the O*NET 31.0 task list.
- Source
- OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
- Release
- gh-main-0471612
- License
- MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI
| Task (O*NET 30.2) | Claude.aiRaw / share % | APIRaw / share % |
|---|---|---|
Greet customers and make them feel welcome.39-3011.00 | 0.0300100.0 | 0.070077.8 |
Answer questions about game rules and casino policies.39-3011.00 | 0.00000.0 | 0.010011.1 |
Conduct gambling games, such as dice, roulette, cards, or keno, following all applicable rules and regulations. | —0 | 0.010011.1 |
Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.
| Task (O*NET 27.2) | βE1 + 0.5 × E2 |
|---|---|
Compute amounts of players' wins or losses, or scan winning tickets presented by patrons to calculate the amount of money won.O*NET Task ID 4454 | 1.0 |
Answer questions about game rules and casino policies.O*NET Task ID 4457 | 1.0 |
Prepare collection reports for submission to supervisors.O*NET Task ID 4462 | 1.0 |
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page
All O*NET 31.0 task statements (21)
All O*NET 31.0 task statements for this occupation (English, as published; task type core or supplemental). Exposure values are not listed here; they are in the table above, next to each task statement as worded in the O*NET version each source used.
| Task (O*NET 31.0) | Type |
|---|---|
| Exchange paper currency for playing chips or coin money. | Core |
| Pay winnings or collect losing bets as established by the rules and procedures of a specific game. | Core |
| Deal cards to house hands, and compare these with players' hands to determine winners, as in black jack. | Core |
| Conduct gambling games, such as dice, roulette, cards, or keno, following all applicable rules and regulations. | Core |
| Check to ensure that all players have placed bets before play begins. | Core |
| Stand behind a gaming table and deal the appropriate number of cards to each player. | Core |
| Inspect cards and equipment to be used in games to ensure that they are in good condition. | Core |
| Start and control games and gaming equipment, and announce winning numbers or colors. | Core |
| Open and close cash floats and game tables. | Core |
| Compute amounts of players' wins or losses, or scan winning tickets presented by patrons to calculate the amount of money won. | Core |
| Apply rule variations to card games such as poker, in which players bet on the value of their hands. | Core |
| Receive, verify, and record patrons' cash wagers. | Core |
| Answer questions about game rules and casino policies. | Core |
| Refer patrons to gaming cashiers to collect winnings. | Core |
| Work as part of a team of dealers in games, such as baccarat or craps. | Core |
| Greet customers and make them feel welcome. | Core |
| Participate in games for gambling establishments to provide the minimum complement of players at a table. | Supplemental |
| Seat patrons at gaming tables. | Supplemental |
| Prepare collection reports for submission to supervisors. | Supplemental |
| Train new dealers. | Supplemental |
| Supervise staff and monitor gambling tables to ensure security of the game. | Supplemental |
0.91/ 3· Robot exposure index
Scale, basis and source
Each physical task is graded 0–3 by the setting in which robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated could do it (0 none · 1 purpose-built robot settings such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line · 2 structured facilities such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port · 3 unstructured settings such as a private home or a construction site), and the grades are averaged by share of working time
Physical tasks among this occupation's O*NET 29.3 tasks
Anthropic estimated the grades and time shares with Claude Opus 5 using web search, as of 2026.
The robot exposure index is a different measure from the AI exposure figures on this site and cannot be added to or compared with them. It does not measure actual adoption or cost, and 0 also covers occupations with no physical tasks.
Tier of each physical task
Robot environment tiers (E0–E3)
E0 noneDetails
Rated not doable by robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated, even in a purpose-built setting
E1 purpose-built robot settingsDetails
Rated doable in a setting built around the machine, such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line
E2 structured facilitiesDetails
Rated doable in a human work facility that an institution keeps to a working standard, such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port
E3 unstructured settingsDetails
Rated doable in a setting that no institution keeps to a working standard, such as a private home or a construction site
Only tasks classified as physical are listed; other tasks have no tier in the source.
| Task (O*NET 29.3) | Robot environment tier |
|---|---|
| Exchange paper currency for playing chips or coin money. | E2 structured facilities |
| Pay winnings or collect losing bets as established by the rules and procedures of a specific game. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Deal cards to house hands, and compare these with players' hands to determine winners, as in black jack. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Conduct gambling games, such as dice, roulette, cards, or keno, following all applicable rules and regulations. | E2 structured facilities |
| Stand behind a gaming table and deal the appropriate number of cards to each player. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Inspect cards and equipment to be used in games to ensure that they are in good condition. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Start and control games and gaming equipment, and announce winning numbers or colors. | E0 none |
| Open and close cash floats and game tables. | E0 none |
| Apply rule variations to card games such as poker, in which players bet on the value of their hands. | E0 none |
| Receive, verify, and record patrons' cash wagers. | E2 structured facilities |
| Work as part of a team of dealers in games, such as baccarat or craps. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Participate in games for gambling establishments to provide the minimum complement of players at a table. | E0 none |
Occupation information
Employment outlook (BLS)
- Employment, 2025
- 89K
- Projected employment, 2035
- 92K
- Change (2025–35)
- +3.4%
- Median annual wage, 2025
- $34,320
- Typical education needed for entry
- High school diploma or equivalent
Korea classification links (KSCO)
Links from the current release of the Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1, made by AI Changing Work. Relation values are read from the O*NET-SOC occupation side.
| KSCO code | KSCO title | Relation | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| 44291 | 카지노 딜러 | Same scope | confirmed |
Relation and status definitions(kr-direct v1.1)
ILO occupational description
AI Changing Work links the ISCO-08 unit groups below to this occupation by applying the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (2018 SOC to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to ISCO-08) as published, without case-by-case selection; each link may be whole or partial.
- ISCO-08 4212Bookmakers, Croupiers and Related Gaming Workers
The definition, tasks and examples below are the ILO's description of that unit group, not of this occupation.
Bookmakers and croupiers and related gambling workers determine odds and receive and pay off bets on results of sporting or other events, or conduct games of chance in gambling establishments.
Tasks
- (a) determining risks to decide odds and to hedge or refuse bets;
- (b) preparing and issuing lists of approximate odds;
- (c) distributing cards, rolling dice or spinning a roulette wheel;
- (d) explaining and interpreting operating rules of a gambling establishment;
- (e) announcing winning numbers, paying winners and collecting payments from losers.
Example occupations
Bookmaker · Croupier
Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits
ESCO occupational vocabulary
Each entry below is matched to this occupation in the published ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk (version 1, 2022). The match types are that crosswalk's; the wording is AI Changing Work's.
- gaming dealerESCO 4212.5Same scope
Gaming dealers operate table games. They stand behind the game table and operate games of chance by dispensing the appropriate number of cards to players, or operating other gaming equipment. They also distribute winnings, or collect players' money or chips.
- bingo callerESCO 4212.1Overlapping, not the same
Bingo callers organise and run games of bingo in a bingo hall, social club or other entertainment facility. Main stage callers have knowledge of all relevant legislation governing the bingo operation and club rules regarding the playing of all variations of bingo.
- casino cashierESCO 4212.3Overlapping, not the same
Casino cashiers exchange tokens, coins or chips for money. They arrange pay-outs and obtain customers' signatures and identification. They audit and count money in a cash register, enforcing money laundering regulations.
- casino pit bossESCO 4212.4.1Overlapping, not the same
Casino pit bosses support the management team and are able to manage, inspect and deal with all gaming activities. They supervise the gaming floor operation, and are accountable for influencing the spend and income per head to achieve the required margin whilst ensuring that the highest standards of efficiency, security and signature service standards are achieved in accordance with all company procedures and current legislation.
Source: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)
License: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)
ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.
France classification links (ROME)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and ROME 4.0 job profiles, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side. Links marked “provisional” were adopted on the judgments of two judges from the same model family (Claude) alone, or by an operator rule applied to their judgments, so they rest on weaker evidence than confirmed links.
| ROME code | ROME title (French) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| G1206 | Croupier / Croupière | Same scopeprovisional |
Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.
ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)
Spain classification links (CNO-11)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and CNO-11 occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| CNO-11 code | CNO-11 title (Spanish) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 4443 | Empleados de sala de juegos y afines | This occupation is narrower |
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)
Germany classification links (KldB)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and KldB occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| KldB code | KldB title (German) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 94342 | Berufe im Bereich Glücks- und Wettspiel - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten | This occupation is narrower |
Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)
Japan classification links (JSCO)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and JSCO occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| JSCO code | JSCO title (Japanese) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 407 | 娯楽場等接客員 | This occupation is narrowerprovisional |
Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)
Sources, licenses and AI Changing Work's modification and translation notices for this page: Credits & sources