Baggage Porters and Bellhops
Personal Care and Service Occupations- O*NET-SOC code
- 39-6011.00
Handle baggage for travelers at transportation terminals or for guests at hotels or similar establishments.
- Data source: BLSPublished: 2026-08
Moderate· relative
LowFour relative bandsVery highGroup-level value
Scale, basis and source
Four relative bands (Low / Moderate / High / Very high)
831 detailed occupations in the BLS Employment Projections table. Assigned per National Employment Matrix (NEM) code, so occupations sharing a NEM code carry the same band
- Data source: AnthropicPublished: 2026-03
0.073
0.000Range of values carried here0.745Scale, basis and source
Observed exposure index, 0–1 as published
Mapped onto O*NET tasks
Published per SOC 2018 occupation; every O*NET occupation with the same SOC 2018 code carries this value
- Data source: ILOPublished: 2025
0.37
0.09Range of values carried here0.70Group-level value
Scale, basis and source
Generative AI exposure index, 0–1 as published
Published per ISCO-08 unit group. Linked to this occupation, wholly or in part, by applying U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (ISCO-08 to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to 2018 SOC) as published
What kind of figure this source publishes
The BLS category is a relative rank, not an absolute level, and it is not a first-hand measurement: it groups an occupation's percentile ranks across several published studies into four bands. It is not an employment or wage forecast, not a probability of adoption, and it does not separate automation from augmentation.
Task-level exposure
Show 16 hidden tasks17 rated tasks · 5 tasks with β ≥ 0.5 (29.4%)
β = direct exposure (E1) + 0.5 × exposure when tools are available (E2), per the source repository's definition.
- Source unit: O*NET 27.2 tasks → O*NET 31.0 occupation code
- All rated tasks are in the O*NET 31.0 task list.
- Source
- OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
- Release
- gh-main-0471612
- License
- MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI
| Task (O*NET 30.2) | Claude.aiRaw / share % | APIRaw / share % |
|---|---|---|
Supply guests or travelers with directions, travel information, and other information, such as available services and points of interest.39-6011.00 | 0.0100100.0 | 0.00000.0 |
Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.
| Task (O*NET 27.2) | βE1 + 0.5 × E2 |
|---|---|
Compute and complete charge slips for services rendered and maintain records.O*NET Task ID 2325 | 1.0 |
Complete baggage insurance forms.O*NET Task ID 2329 | 1.0 |
Supply guests or travelers with directions, travel information, and other information, such as available services and points of interest.O*NET Task ID 2315 | 0.5 |
Arrange for shipments of baggage, express mail, and parcels by providing weighing and billing services.O*NET Task ID 2322 | 0.5 |
Inspect guests' rooms to ensure that they are adequately stocked, orderly, and comfortable.O*NET Task ID 2328 | 0.5 |
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page
All O*NET 31.0 task statements (17)
All O*NET 31.0 task statements for this occupation (English, as published; task type core or supplemental). Exposure values are not listed here; they are in the table above, next to each task statement as worded in the O*NET version each source used.
| Task (O*NET 31.0) | Type |
|---|---|
| Transfer luggage, trunks, and packages to and from rooms, loading areas, vehicles, or transportation terminals, by hand or using baggage carts. | Core |
| Supply guests or travelers with directions, travel information, and other information, such as available services and points of interest. | Core |
| Receive and mark baggage by completing and attaching claim checks. | Core |
| Greet incoming guests and escort them to their rooms. | Core |
| Assist travelers and guests with disabilities. | Core |
| Deliver messages and room service orders, and run errands for guests. | Core |
| Explain the operation of room features, such as locks, ventilation systems, and televisions. | Core |
| Maintain clean lobbies or entrance areas for travelers or guests. | Core |
| Transport guests about premises and local areas, or arrange for transportation. | Core |
| Pick up and return items for laundry and valet service. | Core |
| Act as part of the security team at transportation terminals, hotels, or similar establishments. | Supplemental |
| Arrange for shipments of baggage, express mail, and parcels by providing weighing and billing services. | Supplemental |
| Compute and complete charge slips for services rendered and maintain records. | Supplemental |
| Page guests in hotel lobbies, dining rooms, or other areas. | Supplemental |
| Inspect guests' rooms to ensure that they are adequately stocked, orderly, and comfortable. | Supplemental |
| Complete baggage insurance forms. | Supplemental |
| Set up conference rooms, display tables, racks, or shelves, and arrange merchandise displays for sales personnel. | Supplemental |
0.84/ 3· Robot exposure index
Scale, basis and source
Each physical task is graded 0–3 by the setting in which robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated could do it (0 none · 1 purpose-built robot settings such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line · 2 structured facilities such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port · 3 unstructured settings such as a private home or a construction site), and the grades are averaged by share of working time
Physical tasks among this occupation's O*NET 29.3 tasks
Anthropic estimated the grades and time shares with Claude Opus 5 using web search, as of 2026.
The robot exposure index is a different measure from the AI exposure figures on this site and cannot be added to or compared with them. It does not measure actual adoption or cost, and 0 also covers occupations with no physical tasks.
Tier of each physical task
Robot environment tiers (E0–E3)
E0 noneDetails
Rated not doable by robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated, even in a purpose-built setting
E1 purpose-built robot settingsDetails
Rated doable in a setting built around the machine, such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line
E2 structured facilitiesDetails
Rated doable in a human work facility that an institution keeps to a working standard, such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port
E3 unstructured settingsDetails
Rated doable in a setting that no institution keeps to a working standard, such as a private home or a construction site
Only tasks classified as physical are listed; other tasks have no tier in the source.
| Task (O*NET 29.3) | Robot environment tier |
|---|---|
| Transfer luggage, trunks, and packages to and from rooms, loading areas, vehicles, or transportation terminals, by hand or using baggage carts. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Receive and mark baggage by completing and attaching claim checks. | E0 none |
| Greet incoming guests and escort them to their rooms. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Assist travelers and guests with disabilities. | E0 none |
| Deliver messages and room service orders, and run errands for guests. | E2 structured facilities |
| Maintain clean lobbies or entrance areas for travelers or guests. | E0 none |
| Transport guests about premises and local areas, or arrange for transportation. | E2 structured facilities |
| Pick up and return items for laundry and valet service. | E2 structured facilities |
| Act as part of the security team at transportation terminals, hotels, or similar establishments. | E2 structured facilities |
| Arrange for shipments of baggage, express mail, and parcels by providing weighing and billing services. | E2 structured facilities |
| Inspect guests' rooms to ensure that they are adequately stocked, orderly, and comfortable. | E0 none |
| Set up conference rooms, display tables, racks, or shelves, and arrange merchandise displays for sales personnel. | E0 none |
Occupation information
Employment outlook (BLS)
- Employment, 2025
- 29K
- Projected employment, 2035
- 28K
- Change (2025–35)
- -3%
- Median annual wage, 2025
- $37,080
- Typical education needed for entry
- High school diploma or equivalent
Korea classification links (KSCO)
Links from the current release of the Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1, made by AI Changing Work. Relation values are read from the O*NET-SOC occupation side.
| KSCO code | KSCO title | Relation | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| 44221 | 호텔 서비스원 | This occupation is narrower | confirmed |
| 44229 | 그 외 숙박시설 서비스원 | This occupation is broader | confirmed |
Relation and status definitions(kr-direct v1.1)
ILO occupational description
AI Changing Work links the ISCO-08 unit groups below to this occupation by applying the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (2018 SOC to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to ISCO-08) as published, without case-by-case selection; each link may be whole or partial.
- ISCO-08 9621Messengers, Package Deliverers and Luggage Porters
Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits
ESCO occupational vocabulary
Each entry below is matched to this occupation in the published ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk (version 1, 2022). The match types are that crosswalk's; the wording is AI Changing Work's.
- airport baggage handlerESCO 9333.1This occupation is broader
Airport baggage handlers receive and return the luggage of passengers at airport terminals. They prepare and attach baggage claim checks, stack baggage on carts or conveyors and may return baggage to patrons on receipt of claim check.
- hotel porterESCO 9621.2This occupation is broader
Hotel porters welcome guests to accommodation facilities, help them carry their luggage and provide services such as occasional cleaning.
Source: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)
License: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)
ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.
France classification links (ROME)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and ROME 4.0 job profiles, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side. Links marked “provisional” were adopted on the judgments of two judges from the same model family (Claude) alone, or by an operator rule applied to their judgments, so they rest on weaker evidence than confirmed links.
| ROME code | ROME title (French) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| G1702 | Bagagiste en établissement hôtelier | Same scopeprovisional |
| N2203 | Agent / Agente d'opérations sur piste | Related, not a matchprovisional |
Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.
ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)
Spain classification links (CNO-11)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and CNO-11 occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| CNO-11 code | CNO-11 title (Spanish) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 9432 | Mozos de equipaje y afines | This occupation is broader |
| 9431 | Ordenanzas | Related, not a match |
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)
Germany classification links (KldB)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and KldB occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| KldB code | KldB title (German) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 63221 | Berufe im Hotelservice - Helfer-/Anlerntätigkeiten | This occupation is narrowerprovisional |
| 51321 | Berufe für Post- und Zustelldienste - Helfer-/Anlerntätigkeiten | Related, not a match |
Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)
Japan classification links (JSCO)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and JSCO occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| JSCO code | JSCO title (Japanese) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 404 | 身の回り世話従事者 | Related, not a match |
| 429 | 他に分類されないサービス職業従事者 | Related, not a match |
Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)
Sources, licenses and AI Changing Work's modification and translation notices for this page: Credits & sources