Childcare Workers
Personal Care and Service Occupations- O*NET-SOC code
- 39-9011.00
Attend to children at schools, businesses, private households, and childcare institutions. Perform a variety of tasks, such as dressing, feeding, bathing, and overseeing play.
- Data source: BLSPublished: 2026-08
Moderate· relative
LowFour relative bandsVery highGroup-level value
Scale, basis and source
Four relative bands (Low / Moderate / High / Very high)
831 detailed occupations in the BLS Employment Projections table. Assigned per National Employment Matrix (NEM) code, so occupations sharing a NEM code carry the same band
- Data source: AnthropicPublished: 2026-03
0.012
0.000Range of values carried here0.745Group-level value
Scale, basis and source
Observed exposure index, 0–1 as published
Mapped onto O*NET tasks
Published per SOC 2018 occupation; every O*NET occupation with the same SOC 2018 code carries this value
- Data source: ILOPublished: 2025
0.19
0.09Range of values carried here0.70Group-level value
Scale, basis and source
Generative AI exposure index, 0–1 as published
Published per ISCO-08 unit group. Linked to this occupation, wholly or in part, by applying U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (ISCO-08 to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to 2018 SOC) as published
What kind of figure this source publishes
The BLS category is a relative rank, not an absolute level, and it is not a first-hand measurement: it groups an occupation's percentile ranks across several published studies into four bands. It is not an employment or wage forecast, not a probability of adoption, and it does not separate automation from augmentation.
Task-level exposure
Show 23 hidden tasks25 rated tasks · 5 tasks with β ≥ 0.5 (20.0%)
β = direct exposure (E1) + 0.5 × exposure when tools are available (E2), per the source repository's definition.
- Source unit: O*NET 27.2 tasks → O*NET 31.0 occupation code
- 1 rated task is not in the O*NET 31.0 task list; its score is kept as published for O*NET 27.2.
- Source
- OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
- Release
- gh-main-0471612
- License
- MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI
| Task (O*NET 20.1) | Claude.aiRaw / share % | APIRaw / share % |
|---|---|---|
Help children with homework and school work.39-9011.00 | 0.031070.0 | —0 |
Create developmentally appropriate lesson plans.39-9011.00 | 0.010824.4 | 0.0030100.0 |
Communicate with children's parents or guardians about daily activities, behaviors, and related issues.39-9011.00 | 0.00255.6 | —0 |
Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.
| Task (O*NET 27.2) | βE1 + 0.5 × E2 |
|---|---|
Keep records on individual children, including daily observations and information about activities, meals served, and medications administered.O*NET Task ID 2337 | 1.0 |
Help children with homework and school work.O*NET Task ID 2347 | 1.0 |
Perform general administrative tasks, such as taking attendance, editing internal paperwork, and making phone calls.O*NET Task ID 18761 | 1.0 |
Create developmentally appropriate lesson plans.O*NET Task ID 18759 | 0.5 |
Perform general personnel functions, such as supervision, training, and scheduling.O*NET Task ID 18764 | 0.5 |
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page
All O*NET 31.0 task statements (24)
All O*NET 31.0 task statements for this occupation (English, as published; task type core or supplemental). Exposure values are not listed here; they are in the table above, next to each task statement as worded in the O*NET version each source used.
| Task (O*NET 31.0) | Type |
|---|---|
| Support children's emotional and social development, encouraging understanding of others and positive self-concepts. | Core |
| Care for children in institutional setting, such as group homes, nursery schools, private businesses, or schools for people with disabilities. | Core |
| Sanitize toys and play equipment. | Core |
| Discipline children and recommend or initiate other measures to control behavior, such as caring for own clothing and picking up toys and books. | Core |
| Identify signs of emotional or developmental problems in children and bring them to parents' or guardians' attention. | Core |
| Observe and monitor children's play activities. | Core |
| Keep records on individual children, including daily observations and information about activities, meals served, and medications administered. | Core |
| Instruct children in health and personal habits, such as eating, resting, and toilet habits. | Core |
| Read to children and teach them simple painting, drawing, handicrafts, and songs. | Core |
| Organize and store toys and materials to ensure order in activity areas. | Core |
| Dress children and change diapers. | Core |
| Perform housekeeping duties, such as laundry, cleaning, dish washing, and changing of linens. | Core |
| Maintain a safe play environment. | Core |
| Communicate with children's parents or guardians about daily activities, behaviors, and related issues. | Core |
| Assist in preparing food and serving meals and refreshments to children. | Core |
| Create developmentally appropriate lesson plans. | Core |
| Regulate children's rest periods. | Core |
| Perform general administrative tasks, such as taking attendance, editing internal paperwork, and making phone calls. | Core |
| Organize and participate in recreational activities and outings, such as games and field trips. | Core |
| Sterilize bottles and prepare formulas. | Supplemental |
| Help children with homework and school work. | Supplemental |
| Accompany children to and from school, on outings, and to medical appointments. | Supplemental |
| Provide care for children with physical, developmental, or mental health disabilities. | Supplemental |
| Perform general personnel functions, such as supervision, training, and scheduling. | Supplemental |
0.11/ 3· Robot exposure index
Scale, basis and source
Each physical task is graded 0–3 by the setting in which robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated could do it (0 none · 1 purpose-built robot settings such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line · 2 structured facilities such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port · 3 unstructured settings such as a private home or a construction site), and the grades are averaged by share of working time
Physical tasks among this occupation's O*NET 29.3 tasks
Anthropic estimated the grades and time shares with Claude Opus 5 using web search, as of 2026.
The robot exposure index is a different measure from the AI exposure figures on this site and cannot be added to or compared with them. It does not measure actual adoption or cost, and 0 also covers occupations with no physical tasks.
Tier of each physical task
Robot environment tiers (E0–E3)
E0 noneDetails
Rated not doable by robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated, even in a purpose-built setting
E1 purpose-built robot settingsDetails
Rated doable in a setting built around the machine, such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line
E2 structured facilitiesDetails
Rated doable in a human work facility that an institution keeps to a working standard, such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port
E3 unstructured settingsDetails
Rated doable in a setting that no institution keeps to a working standard, such as a private home or a construction site
Only tasks classified as physical are listed; other tasks have no tier in the source.
| Task (O*NET 29.3) | Robot environment tier |
|---|---|
| Care for children in institutional setting, such as group homes, nursery schools, private businesses, or schools for people with disabilities. | E0 none |
| Sanitize toys and play equipment. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Observe and monitor children's play activities. | E0 none |
| Instruct children in health and personal habits, such as eating, resting, and toilet habits. | E0 none |
| Read to children and teach them simple painting, drawing, handicrafts, and songs. | E0 none |
| Organize and store toys and materials to ensure order in activity areas. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Dress children and change diapers. | E0 none |
| Perform housekeeping duties, such as laundry, cleaning, dish washing, and changing of linens. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Maintain a safe play environment. | E0 none |
| Assist in preparing food and serving meals and refreshments to children. | E0 none |
| Regulate children's rest periods. | E0 none |
| Organize and participate in recreational activities and outings, such as games and field trips. | E0 none |
| Sterilize bottles and prepare formulas. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Accompany children to and from school, on outings, and to medical appointments. | E0 none |
| Provide care for children with physical, developmental, or mental health disabilities. | E0 none |
Occupation information
Employment outlook (BLS)
Values for the whole SOC 39-9011 group (Childcare workers), not for this O*NET occupation alone.
- Employment, 2025
- 1.0M
- Projected employment, 2035
- 990K
- Change (2025–35)
- -2%
- Median annual wage, 2025
- $34,980
- Typical education needed for entry
- High school diploma or equivalent
Korea classification links (KSCO)
Links from the current release of the Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1, made by AI Changing Work. Relation values are read from the O*NET-SOC occupation side.
| KSCO code | KSCO title | Relation | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| 42113 | 유치원 및 학교 돌봄 종사원 | This occupation is broader | confirmed |
| 42120 | 보육 관련 시설 돌봄 종사원 | This occupation is broader | confirmed |
| 42191 | 방문 아동 돌봄 종사원 | This occupation is broader | confirmed |
| 42199 | 그 외 교사 보조 및 아동 돌봄 종사원 | This occupation is broader | confirmed |
| 95120 | 육아 도우미 | This occupation is broader | confirmed |
Relation and status definitions(kr-direct v1.1)
ILO occupational description
AI Changing Work links the ISCO-08 unit groups below to this occupation by applying the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (2018 SOC to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to ISCO-08) as published, without case-by-case selection; each link may be whole or partial.
- ISCO-08 5311Child Care Workers
The definition, tasks and examples below are the ILO's description of that unit group, not of this occupation.
Child care workers provide care and supervision for children in residential homes and in before-school, after-school, vacation and day care centres.
Tasks
- (a) assisting children to wash, dress and feed themselves;
- (b) taking children to and from school or outdoors for recreation;
- (c) playing games with children, or entertaining them by reading or storytelling;
- (d) assisting in the preparation of materials and equipment for children's education and recreational activities;
- (e) managing children's behaviour and guiding their social development;
- (f) disciplining children and recommending or initiating other measures to control behaviour, such as caring for own clothing and picking up toys and books;
- (g) observing and monitoring children's play activities;
- (h) keeping records on individual children, including daily observations and information about activities, meals served, and medications administered.
Example occupations
Baby-sitter · Child care worker · Creche ayah · Family day care worker · Nanny · Out of school hours care worker
Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits
ESCO occupational vocabulary
Each entry below is matched to this occupation in the published ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk (version 1, 2022). The match types are that crosswalk's; the wording is AI Changing Work's.
- child care workerESCO 5311.1Same scope
Child care workers provide care for children when the parents or family members are unavailable. They look after the children's basic needs and help or supervise them during play. Child care workers can work for preschools, daycare centres, childcare agencies or individual families.
- child care coordinatorESCO 1341.1This occupation is narrower
Child care coordinators organise child care services, activities and events after the school hours and during school hoildays. They assist in the development of children by implementing care programmes. Child care coordinators also entertain children and maintain a safe environment for the children.
- child day care workerESCO 5311.1.3Overlapping, not the same
Child day care workers provide social services to children and their families in order to improve their social and psychological functioning. They aim to maximise family's well-being by caring of children during the day.
Source: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)
License: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)
ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.
France classification links (ROME)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and ROME 4.0 job profiles, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side. Links marked “provisional” were adopted on the judgments of two judges from the same model family (Claude) alone, or by an operator rule applied to their judgments, so they rest on weaker evidence than confirmed links.
| ROME code | ROME title (French) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| K1307 | Animateur / Animatrice petite enfance | This occupation is broaderprovisional |
| K1310 | Assistant maternel / Assistante maternelle | This occupation is broaderprovisional |
| K1314 | Auxiliaire de vie sociale auprès d'enfants | Related, not a match |
| G1235 | Animateur / Animatrice de séjour de vacances | Related, not a matchprovisional |
| J1304 | Auxiliaire de puériculture | Related, not a matchprovisional |
| K1308 | Agent territorial spécialisé / Agente territoriale spécialisée des écoles maternelles (ATSEM) | Related, not a matchprovisional |
| K1309 | Assistant familial / Assistante familiale | Related, not a matchprovisional |
Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.
ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)
Spain classification links (CNO-11)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and CNO-11 occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| CNO-11 code | CNO-11 title (Spanish) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 5721 | Cuidadores de niños en guarderías y centros educativos | Same scope |
| 5722 | Cuidadores de niños en domicilios | Overlapping, not the same |
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)
Germany classification links (KldB)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and KldB occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| KldB code | KldB title (German) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 83111 | Berufe in der Kinderbetreuung und -erziehung - Helfer-/Anlerntätigkeiten | This occupation is broader |
| 83112 | Berufe in der Kinderbetreuung und -erziehung - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten | This occupation is broader |
Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)
Japan classification links (JSCO)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and JSCO occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| JSCO code | JSCO title (Japanese) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 163 | 保育士 | This occupation is narrower |
| 359 | その他の家庭生活支援サービス職業従事者 | Related, not a match |
Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)
Sources, licenses and AI Changing Work's modification and translation notices for this page: Credits & sources