Cashiers
Sales and Related Occupations- O*NET-SOC code
- 41-2011.00
Receive and disburse money in establishments other than financial institutions. May use electronic scanners, cash registers, or related equipment. May process credit or debit card transactions and validate checks.
- Data source: BLSPublished: 2026-08
High· relative
LowFour relative bandsVery highGroup-level value
Scale, basis and source
Four relative bands (Low / Moderate / High / Very high)
831 detailed occupations in the BLS Employment Projections table. Assigned per National Employment Matrix (NEM) code, so occupations sharing a NEM code carry the same band
- Data source: AnthropicPublished: 2026-03
0.085
0.000Range of values carried here0.745Scale, basis and source
Observed exposure index, 0–1 as published
Mapped onto O*NET tasks
Published per SOC 2018 occupation; every O*NET occupation with the same SOC 2018 code carries this value
- Data source: ILOPublished: 2025
0.39
0.09Range of values carried here0.70Group-level value
Scale, basis and source
Generative AI exposure index, 0–1 as published
Published per ISCO-08 unit group. Linked to this occupation, wholly or in part, by applying U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (ISCO-08 to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to 2018 SOC) as published
What kind of figure this source publishes
The BLS category is a relative rank, not an absolute level, and it is not a first-hand measurement: it groups an occupation's percentile ranks across several published studies into four bands. It is not an employment or wage forecast, not a probability of adoption, and it does not separate automation from augmentation.
Task-level exposure
Show 20 hidden tasks29 rated tasks · 9 tasks with β ≥ 0.5 (31.0%)
β = direct exposure (E1) + 0.5 × exposure when tools are available (E2), per the source repository's definition.
- Source unit: O*NET 27.2 tasks → O*NET 31.0 occupation code
- 1 rated task is not in the O*NET 31.0 task list; its score is kept as published for O*NET 27.2.
- Source
- OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
- Release
- gh-main-0471612
- License
- MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI
Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.
| Task (O*NET 27.2) | βE1 + 0.5 × E2 |
|---|---|
Calculate total payments received during a time period, and reconcile this with total sales.O*NET Task ID 2411 | 1.0 |
Compute and record totals of transactions.O*NET Task ID 2412 | 1.0 |
Keep periodic balance sheets of amounts and numbers of transactions.O*NET Task ID 2414 | 1.0 |
Compile and maintain non-monetary reports and records.O*NET Task ID 2421 | 1.0 |
Answer incoming phone calls.O*NET Task ID 21073 | 1.0 |
Answer customers' questions, and provide information on procedures or policies.O*NET Task ID 2408 | 0.5 |
Process merchandise returns and exchanges.O*NET Task ID 2417 | 0.5 |
Post charges against guests' or patients' accounts.O*NET Task ID 2423 | 0.5 |
Assist customers by providing information and resolving their complaints.O*NET Task ID 18765 | 0.5 |
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page
All O*NET 31.0 task statements (28)
All O*NET 31.0 task statements for this occupation (English, as published; task type core or supplemental). Exposure values are not listed here; they are in the table above, next to each task statement as worded in the O*NET version each source used.
| Task (O*NET 31.0) | Type |
|---|---|
| Receive payment by cash, check, credit cards, vouchers, or automatic debits. | Core |
| Issue receipts, refunds, credits, or change due to customers. | Core |
| Greet customers entering establishments. | Core |
| Establish or identify prices of goods, services, or admission, and tabulate bills, using calculators, cash registers, or optical price scanners. | Core |
| Answer customers' questions, and provide information on procedures or policies. | Core |
| Process merchandise returns and exchanges. | Core |
| Request information or assistance, using paging systems. | Core |
| Monitor checkout stations to ensure they have adequate cash available and are staffed appropriately. | Core |
| Assist customers by providing information and resolving their complaints. | Core |
| Maintain clean and orderly checkout areas, and complete other general cleaning duties, such as mopping floors and emptying trash cans. | Core |
| Help customers find the location of products. | Core |
| Answer incoming phone calls. | Core |
| Count money in cash drawers at the beginning of shifts to ensure that amounts are correct and that there is adequate change. | Supplemental |
| Issue trading stamps, and redeem food stamps and coupons. | Supplemental |
| Cash checks for customers. | Supplemental |
| Weigh items sold by weight to determine prices. | Supplemental |
| Calculate total payments received during a time period, and reconcile this with total sales. | Supplemental |
| Compute and record totals of transactions. | Supplemental |
| Sell tickets and other items to customers. | Supplemental |
| Keep periodic balance sheets of amounts and numbers of transactions. | Supplemental |
| Bag, box, wrap, or gift-wrap merchandise, and prepare packages for shipment. | Supplemental |
| Sort, count, and wrap currency and coins. | Supplemental |
| Compile and maintain non-monetary reports and records. | Supplemental |
| Post charges against guests' or patients' accounts. | Supplemental |
| Offer customers carry-out service at the completion of transactions. | Supplemental |
| Assist with duties in other areas of the store, such as monitoring fitting rooms or bagging and carrying out customers' items. | Supplemental |
| Supervise others and provide on-the-job training. | Supplemental |
| Stock shelves, sort and reshelve returned items, and mark prices on items and shelves. | Supplemental |
1.00/ 3· Robot exposure index
Scale, basis and source
Each physical task is graded 0–3 by the setting in which robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated could do it (0 none · 1 purpose-built robot settings such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line · 2 structured facilities such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port · 3 unstructured settings such as a private home or a construction site), and the grades are averaged by share of working time
Physical tasks among this occupation's O*NET 29.3 tasks
Anthropic estimated the grades and time shares with Claude Opus 5 using web search, as of 2026.
The robot exposure index is a different measure from the AI exposure figures on this site and cannot be added to or compared with them. It does not measure actual adoption or cost, and 0 also covers occupations with no physical tasks.
Tier of each physical task
Robot environment tiers (E0–E3)
E0 noneDetails
Rated not doable by robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated, even in a purpose-built setting
E1 purpose-built robot settingsDetails
Rated doable in a setting built around the machine, such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line
E2 structured facilitiesDetails
Rated doable in a human work facility that an institution keeps to a working standard, such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port
E3 unstructured settingsDetails
Rated doable in a setting that no institution keeps to a working standard, such as a private home or a construction site
Only tasks classified as physical are listed; other tasks have no tier in the source.
| Task (O*NET 29.3) | Robot environment tier |
|---|---|
| Receive payment by cash, check, credit cards, vouchers, or automatic debits. | E2 structured facilities |
| Issue receipts, refunds, credits, or change due to customers. | E2 structured facilities |
| Establish or identify prices of goods, services, or admission, and tabulate bills, using calculators, cash registers, or optical price scanners. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Process merchandise returns and exchanges. | E0 none |
| Monitor checkout stations to ensure they have adequate cash available and are staffed appropriately. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Maintain clean and orderly checkout areas, and complete other general cleaning duties, such as mopping floors and emptying trash cans. | E0 none |
| Count money in cash drawers at the beginning of shifts to ensure that amounts are correct and that there is adequate change. | E2 structured facilities |
| Issue trading stamps, and redeem food stamps and coupons. | E2 structured facilities |
| Cash checks for customers. | E2 structured facilities |
| Weigh items sold by weight to determine prices. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Calculate total payments received during a time period, and reconcile this with total sales. | E2 structured facilities |
| Sell tickets and other items to customers. | E2 structured facilities |
| Keep periodic balance sheets of amounts and numbers of transactions. | E2 structured facilities |
| Bag, box, wrap, or gift-wrap merchandise, and prepare packages for shipment. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Sort, count, and wrap currency and coins. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Assist with duties in other areas of the store, such as monitoring fitting rooms or bagging and carrying out customers' items. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Stock shelves, sort and reshelve returned items, and mark prices on items and shelves. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
Occupation information
Employment outlook (BLS)
- Employment, 2025
- 3.1M
- Projected employment, 2035
- 2.9M
- Change (2025–35)
- -6.5%
- Median annual wage, 2025
- $32,880
- Typical education needed for entry
- No formal educational credential
Korea classification links (KSCO)
Links from the current release of the Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1, made by AI Changing Work. Relation values are read from the O*NET-SOC occupation side.
| KSCO code | KSCO title | Relation | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| 52133 | 입장권 판매원 | This occupation is broader | confirmed |
| 52139 | 그 외 매표원 및 복권 판매원 | This occupation is broader | confirmed |
| 52141 | 매장 계산원 | This occupation is broader | confirmed |
| 52142 | 요금 정산원 | This occupation is broader | confirmed |
Relation and status definitions(kr-direct v1.1)
ILO occupational description
AI Changing Work links the ISCO-08 unit groups below to this occupation by applying the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (2018 SOC to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to ISCO-08) as published, without case-by-case selection; each link may be whole or partial.
- ISCO-08 5230Cashiers and Ticket Clerks
The definition, tasks and examples below are the ILO's description of that unit group, not of this occupation.
Cashiers and ticket clerks operate cash registers, optical price scanners, computers or other equipment to record and accept payment for the purchase of goods, services and admissions in settings such as stores, restaurants and ticket offices.
Tasks
- (a) receiving and verifying payment by cash, cheque, credit card or automatic debit in stores, ticket offices or similar establishments;
- (b) giving change and issuing receipts;
- (c) issuing tickets for attendance at sporting and cultural events;
- (d) counting and recording money received or paid out and balancing against cash register sales records;
- (e) receiving incoming cash, checking it against sales slips and other documents, and preparing it for deposit at financial institute;
- (f) operating cash register to calculate total to be paid from or to clients;
- (g) scanning, weighing and recording prices of goods;
- (h) wrapping and placing merchandise in bags.
Example occupations
Checkout operator · Service station cashier · Service station console operator · Store Cashier · Ticket issuing clerk (entertainment and sporting events)
Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits
ESCO occupational vocabulary
Each entry below is matched to this occupation in the published ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk (version 1, 2022). The match types are that crosswalk's; the wording is AI Changing Work's.
- cashierESCO 5230.1Same scope
Cashiers operate the cash register, receive payments from customers, issue receipts and return change due.
- casino cashierESCO 4212.3This occupation is broader
Casino cashiers exchange tokens, coins or chips for money. They arrange pay-outs and obtain customers' signatures and identification. They audit and count money in a cash register, enforcing money laundering regulations.
- foreign exchange cashierESCO 4312.3This occupation is broader
Foreign exchange cashiers process cash transactions from clients in national and foreign currencies. They provide information on the conditions and exchange rates for buying and selling foreign currencies, make deposits of money, record all foreign exchange transactions and check for money validity.
- lottery cashierESCO 5230.2This occupation is broader
Lottery cashiers exchange the registration of set of numbers or symbols for money and give tickets to the players. They pay out prizes and obtain customers' signatures and identification. They audit and count money in the cash register, enforcing regulations to prevent money laundering.
Source: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)
License: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)
ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.
France classification links (ROME)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and ROME 4.0 job profiles, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side. Links marked “provisional” were adopted on the judgments of two judges from the same model family (Claude) alone, or by an operator rule applied to their judgments, so they rest on weaker evidence than confirmed links.
| ROME code | ROME title (French) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| D1505 | Hôte / Hôtesse de caisse | Same scopeprovisional |
| D1514 | Agent / Agente de péage | This occupation is broaderprovisional |
| D1515 | Agent / Agente de billetterie | This occupation is broaderprovisional |
| C1210 | Vendeur / Vendeuse en devises | Related, not a matchprovisional |
| D1511 | Opérateur / Opératrice de station service | Related, not a matchprovisional |
Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.
ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)
Spain classification links (CNO-11)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and CNO-11 occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| CNO-11 code | CNO-11 title (Spanish) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 5500 | Cajeros y taquilleros (excepto bancos) | Same scope |
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)
Germany classification links (KldB)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and KldB occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| KldB code | KldB title (German) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 62112 | Kassierer/innen und Kartenverkäufer/innen - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten | Same scope |
Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)
Japan classification links (JSCO)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and JSCO occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| JSCO code | JSCO title (Japanese) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 323 | 販売店員 | This occupation is narrower |
| 261 | 現金出納事務員 | Related, not a match |
Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)
Sources, licenses and AI Changing Work's modification and translation notices for this page: Credits & sources