Public Safety Telecommunicators
Office and Administrative Support Occupations- O*NET-SOC code
- 43-5031.00
Operate telephone, radio, or other communication systems to receive and communicate requests for emergency assistance at 9-1-1 public safety answering points and emergency operations centers. Take information from the public and other sources regarding crimes, threats, disturbances, acts of terrorism, fires, medical emergencies, and other public safety matters. May coordinate and provide information to law enforcement and emergency response personnel. May access sensitive databases and other information sources as needed. May provide additional instructions to callers based on knowledge of and certification in law enforcement, fire, or emergency medical procedures.
- Data source: BLSPublished: 2026-08
Very high· relative
LowFour relative bandsVery highGroup-level value
Scale, basis and source
Four relative bands (Low / Moderate / High / Very high)
831 detailed occupations in the BLS Employment Projections table. Assigned per National Employment Matrix (NEM) code, so occupations sharing a NEM code carry the same band
- Data source: AnthropicPublished: 2026-03
0.047
0.000Range of values carried here0.745Scale, basis and source
Observed exposure index, 0–1 as published
Mapped onto O*NET tasks
Published per SOC 2018 occupation; every O*NET occupation with the same SOC 2018 code carries this value
- Data source: ILOPublished: 2025
0.20
0.09Range of values carried here0.70Group-level value
Scale, basis and source
Generative AI exposure index, 0–1 as published
Published per ISCO-08 unit group. Linked to this occupation, wholly or in part, by applying U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (ISCO-08 to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to 2018 SOC) as published
What kind of figure this source publishes
The BLS category is a relative rank, not an absolute level, and it is not a first-hand measurement: it groups an occupation's percentile ranks across several published studies into four bands. It is not an employment or wage forecast, not a probability of adoption, and it does not separate automation from augmentation.
Task-level exposure
Show 15 hidden tasks18 rated tasks · 16 tasks with β ≥ 0.5 (88.9%)
β = direct exposure (E1) + 0.5 × exposure when tools are available (E2), per the source repository's definition.
- Source unit: O*NET 27.2 tasks → O*NET 31.0 occupation code
- All rated tasks are in the O*NET 31.0 task list.
- Source
- OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
- Release
- gh-main-0471612
- License
- MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI
Tasks of O*NET-SOC 2010 occupation 43-5031.00 Police, Fire, and Ambulance Dispatchers, linked to this occupation by the O*NET-SOC 2010 to 2019 crosswalk
| Task (O*NET 20.1) | Claude.aiRaw / share % | APIRaw / share % |
|---|---|---|
Read and effectively interpret small-scale maps and information from a computer screen to determine locations and provide directions.43-5031.00 | 0.008961.8 | 0.007081.9 |
Provide emergency medical instructions to callers.43-5031.00 | 0.005538.2 | —0 |
Maintain access to, and security of, highly sensitive materials. | —0 | 0.001518.1 |
Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.
| Task (O*NET 27.2) | βE1 + 0.5 × E2 |
|---|---|
Record details of calls, dispatches, and messages.O*NET Task ID 2706 | 1.0 |
Question callers to determine their locations and the nature of their problems to determine type of response needed.O*NET Task ID 2707 | 1.0 |
Enter, update, and retrieve information from teletype networks and computerized data systems regarding such things as wanted persons, stolen property, vehicle registration, and stolen vehicles.O*NET Task ID 2708 | 1.0 |
Maintain files of information relating to emergency calls, such as personnel rosters and emergency call-out and pager files.O*NET Task ID 2714 | 1.0 |
Learn material and pass required tests for certification.O*NET Task ID 2716 | 1.0 |
Answer routine inquiries, and refer calls not requiring dispatches to appropriate departments and agencies.O*NET Task ID 2718 | 1.0 |
Test and adjust communication and alarm systems, and report malfunctions to maintenance units.O*NET Task ID 2721 | 1.0 |
Determine response requirements and relative priorities of situations, and dispatch units in accordance with established procedures.O*NET Task ID 2705 | 0.5 |
Scan status charts and computer screens, and contact emergency response field units to determine emergency units available for dispatch.O*NET Task ID 2709 | 0.5 |
Relay information and messages to and from emergency sites, to law enforcement agencies, and to all other individuals or groups requiring notification.O*NET Task ID 2710 | 0.5 |
Receive incoming telephone or alarm system calls regarding emergency and non-emergency police and fire service, emergency ambulance service, information, and after-hours calls for departments within a city.O*NET Task ID 2711 | 0.5 |
Observe alarm registers and scan maps to determine whether a specific emergency is in the dispatch service area.O*NET Task ID 2713 | 0.5 |
Monitor various radio frequencies, such as those used by public works departments, school security, and civil defense, to stay apprised of developing situations.O*NET Task ID 2715 | 0.5 |
Read and effectively interpret small-scale maps and information from a computer screen to determine locations and provide directions.O*NET Task ID 2717 | 0.5 |
Provide emergency medical instructions to callers.O*NET Task ID 2719 | 0.5 |
Monitor alarm systems to detect emergencies, such as fires and illegal entry into establishments.O*NET Task ID 2720 | 0.5 |
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page
All O*NET 31.0 task statements (18)
All O*NET 31.0 task statements for this occupation (English, as published; task type core or supplemental). Exposure values are not listed here; they are in the table above, next to each task statement as worded in the O*NET version each source used.
| Task (O*NET 31.0) | Type |
|---|---|
| Determine response requirements and relative priorities of situations, and dispatch units in accordance with established procedures. | Core |
| Record details of calls, dispatches, and messages. | Core |
| Question callers to determine their locations and the nature of their problems to determine type of response needed. | Core |
| Enter, update, and retrieve information from teletype networks and computerized data systems regarding such things as wanted persons, stolen property, vehicle registration, and stolen vehicles. | Core |
| Scan status charts and computer screens, and contact emergency response field units to determine emergency units available for dispatch. | Core |
| Relay information and messages to and from emergency sites, to law enforcement agencies, and to all other individuals or groups requiring notification. | Core |
| Receive incoming telephone or alarm system calls regarding emergency and non-emergency police and fire service, emergency ambulance service, information, and after-hours calls for departments within a city. | Core |
| Maintain access to, and security of, highly sensitive materials. | Core |
| Observe alarm registers and scan maps to determine whether a specific emergency is in the dispatch service area. | Core |
| Maintain files of information relating to emergency calls, such as personnel rosters and emergency call-out and pager files. | Core |
| Monitor various radio frequencies, such as those used by public works departments, school security, and civil defense, to stay apprised of developing situations. | Core |
| Learn material and pass required tests for certification. | Core |
| Read and effectively interpret small-scale maps and information from a computer screen to determine locations and provide directions. | Core |
| Answer routine inquiries, and refer calls not requiring dispatches to appropriate departments and agencies. | Core |
| Provide emergency medical instructions to callers. | Core |
| Test and adjust communication and alarm systems, and report malfunctions to maintenance units. | Core |
| Monitor alarm systems to detect emergencies, such as fires and illegal entry into establishments. | Supplemental |
| Operate and maintain mobile dispatch vehicles and equipment. | Supplemental |
0.00/ 3· Robot exposure index
Scale, basis and source
Each physical task is graded 0–3 by the setting in which robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated could do it (0 none · 1 purpose-built robot settings such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line · 2 structured facilities such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port · 3 unstructured settings such as a private home or a construction site), and the grades are averaged by share of working time
Physical tasks among this occupation's O*NET 29.3 tasks
Anthropic estimated the grades and time shares with Claude Opus 5 using web search, as of 2026.
The robot exposure index is a different measure from the AI exposure figures on this site and cannot be added to or compared with them. It does not measure actual adoption or cost, and 0 also covers occupations with no physical tasks.
Tier of each physical task
Robot environment tiers (E0–E3)
E0 noneDetails
Rated not doable by robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated, even in a purpose-built setting
E1 purpose-built robot settingsDetails
Rated doable in a setting built around the machine, such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line
E2 structured facilitiesDetails
Rated doable in a human work facility that an institution keeps to a working standard, such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port
E3 unstructured settingsDetails
Rated doable in a setting that no institution keeps to a working standard, such as a private home or a construction site
Only tasks classified as physical are listed; other tasks have no tier in the source.
| Task (O*NET 29.3) | Robot environment tier |
|---|---|
| Operate and maintain mobile dispatch vehicles and equipment. | E0 none |
Occupation information
Employment outlook (BLS)
- Employment, 2025
- 106K
- Projected employment, 2035
- 110K
- Change (2025–35)
- +3.7%
- Median annual wage, 2025
- $53,040
- Typical education needed for entry
- High school diploma or equivalent
Korea classification links (KSCO)
Links from the current release of the Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1, made by AI Changing Work. Relation values are read from the O*NET-SOC occupation side.
| KSCO code | KSCO title | Relation | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| 41240 | 보안 관제원 | Related, not a match | confirmed |
Relation and status definitions(kr-direct v1.1)
ILO occupational description
AI Changing Work links the ISCO-08 unit groups below to this occupation by applying the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (2018 SOC to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to ISCO-08) as published, without case-by-case selection; each link may be whole or partial.
- ISCO-08 5419Protective Services Workers Not Elsewhere Classified
The definition, tasks and examples below are the ILO's description of that unit group, not of this occupation.
This unit group covers protective services workers not classified elsewhere in Minor Group 541: Protective Services Workers. For instance, the unit group includes lifeguards, crossing guards and animal control officers.
Tasks
- (a) patrolling beaches and swimming pools to prevent accidents and to rescue bathers from drowning;
- (b) monitoring traffic flow to locate safe gaps through which pedestrians can cross streets;
- (c) responding to citizen complaints concerning stray domestic animals, livestock and wildlife, issuing warnings and citations to owners and impounding lost, homeless and dangerous animals;
- (d) patrolling an assigned area to enforce parking regulations;
- (e) directing traffic.
Example occupations
Animal control officer · Beach patrolman/woman · Crossing guard · Game warden · Lifeguard · Traffic warden
Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits
ESCO occupational vocabulary
Each entry below is matched to this occupation in the published ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk (version 1, 2022). The match types are that crosswalk's; the wording is AI Changing Work's.
- emergency medical dispatcherESCO 4223.1.1Same scope
Emergency medical dispatchers respond to urgent calls made to the control center, take information about the emergency situation, the address and other details and dispatch the nearest ambulance or paramedic helicopter.
- crisis helpline operatorESCO 3412.1Overlapping, not the same
Crisis helpline operators provide advice and support to distraught callers via the telephone. They have to deal with a diverse range of issues such as abuse, depression and financial problems. Helpline operators maintain records of the phone calls according to regulations and privacy policies.
- telephone switchboard operatorESCO 4223.1Overlapping, not the same
Telephone switchboard operators establish telephone connections by using switchboards and consoles. They also answer customer inquiries and service problem reports.
Source: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)
License: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)
ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.
France classification links (ROME)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and ROME 4.0 job profiles, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side. Links marked “provisional” were adopted on the judgments of two judges from the same model family (Claude) alone, or by an operator rule applied to their judgments, so they rest on weaker evidence than confirmed links.
| ROME code | ROME title (French) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| D1436 | Assistant / Assistante de régulation médicale (ARM) | This occupation is broaderprovisional |
| K1728 | Régulateur / Régulatrice de secours en montagne | This occupation is broaderprovisional |
| D1428 | Superviseur / Superviseuse technique et logistique en assistance de régulation médicale | Related, not a matchprovisional |
| K2509 | Opérateur / Opératrice en télésurveillance | Related, not a matchprovisional |
Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.
ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)
Spain classification links (CNO-11)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and CNO-11 occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| CNO-11 code | CNO-11 title (Spanish) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 4424 | Teleoperadores | This occupation is narrower |
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)
Germany classification links (KldB)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and KldB occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| KldB code | KldB title (German) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 53132 | Berufe im Brandschutz - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten | Related, not a matchprovisional |
| 81342 | Berufe im Rettungsdienst - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten | Related, not a matchprovisional |
| 81343 | Berufe im Rettungsdienst - komplexe Spezialistentätigkeiten | Related, not a matchprovisional |
Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)
Japan classification links (JSCO)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and JSCO occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| JSCO code | JSCO title (Japanese) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 246 | 通信機器操作従事者 | Related, not a matchprovisional |
| 441 | 警察官 | Related, not a matchprovisional |
| 452 | 消防員 | Related, not a matchprovisional |
Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)
Sources, licenses and AI Changing Work's modification and translation notices for this page: Credits & sources