Mail Clerks and Mail Machine Operators, Except Postal Service
Office and Administrative Support Occupations- O*NET-SOC code
- 43-9051.00
Prepare incoming and outgoing mail for distribution. Time-stamp, open, read, sort, and route incoming mail; and address, seal, stamp, fold, stuff, and affix postage to outgoing mail or packages. Duties may also include keeping necessary records and completed forms.
AI exposure
- Data source: BLSPublished: 2026-08
Moderate· relative
LowFour relative bandsVery highGroup-level value
Scale, basis and source
Four relative bands (Low / Moderate / High / Very high)
831 detailed occupations in the BLS Employment Projections table. Assigned per National Employment Matrix (NEM) code, so occupations sharing a NEM code carry the same band
- Data source: AnthropicPublished: 2026-03
0.000
0.000Range of values carried here0.745Scale, basis and source
Observed exposure index, 0–1 as published
Mapped onto O*NET tasks
Published per SOC 2018 occupation; every O*NET occupation with the same SOC 2018 code carries this value
- Data source: ILOPublished: 2025
0.41
0.09Range of values carried here0.70Group-level value
Scale, basis and source
Generative AI exposure index, 0–1 as published
Published per ISCO-08 unit group. Linked to this occupation, wholly or in part, by applying U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (ISCO-08 to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to 2018 SOC) as published
What kind of figure this source publishes
The BLS category is a relative rank, not an absolute level, and it is not a first-hand measurement: it groups an occupation's percentile ranks across several published studies into four bands. It is not an employment or wage forecast, not a probability of adoption, and it does not separate automation from augmentation.
AI exposure (OpenAI rubric)
29 rated tasks · 10 tasks with β ≥ 0.5 (34.5%)
β = direct exposure (E1) + 0.5 × exposure when tools are available (E2), per the source repository's definition.
- Source unit: O*NET 27.2 tasks → O*NET 31.0 occupation code
- All rated tasks are in the O*NET 31.0 task list.
- Source
- OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
- Release
- gh-main-0471612
- License
- MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI
Tasks
Task statements from the O*NET® 31.0 Database, core tasks first.
| Task | Type | β (OpenAI) |
|---|---|---|
| Seal or open envelopes, by hand or by using machines. | Core | 0 |
| Affix postage to packages or letters by hand, or stamp materials, using postage meters. | Core | 0 |
| Verify that items are addressed correctly, marked with the proper postage, and in suitable condition for processing. | Core | 0.5 |
| Place incoming or outgoing letters or packages into sacks or bins based on destination or type, and place identifying tags on sacks or bins. | Core | 0 |
| Clear jams in sortation equipment. | Core | 0 |
| Sort and route incoming mail, and collect outgoing mail, using carts as necessary. | Core | 0 |
| Weigh packages or letters to determine postage needed, using weighing scales and rate charts. | Core | 0.5 |
| Determine manner in which mail is to be sent, and prepare it for delivery to mailing facilities. | Core | 0.5 |
| Lift and unload containers of mail or parcels onto equipment for transportation to sortation stations. | Core | 0 |
| Fold letters or circulars and insert them in envelopes. | Core | 0 |
| Add ink, fill paste reservoirs, and change machine ribbons when necessary. | Core | 0 |
| Inspect mail machine output for defects and determine how to eliminate causes of any defects. | Core | 0 |
| Remove containers of sorted mail or parcels and transfer them to designated areas according to established procedures. | Core | 0 |
| Contact delivery or courier services to arrange delivery of letters and parcels. | Core | 0.5 |
| Accept and check containers of mail or parcels from large volume mailers, couriers, and contractors. | Core | 0 |
| Release packages or letters to customers upon presentation of written notices or other identification. | Core | 0 |
| Answer inquiries regarding shipping or mailing policies. | Core | 1 |
| Wrap packages or bundles by hand, or by using tying machines. | Supplemental | 0 |
| Remove from machines printed materials, such as labeled articles, postmarked envelopes or tape, and folded sheets. | Supplemental | 0 |
| Start machines that automatically feed plates, stencils, or tapes through mechanisms, and observe machine operations to detect any malfunctions. | Supplemental | 0 |
| Read production orders to determine types and sizes of items scheduled for printing and mailing. | Supplemental | 1 |
| Mail merchandise samples or promotional literature in response to requests. | Supplemental | 0.5 |
| Insert material for printing or addressing into loading racks on machines, select type or die sizes, and position plates, stencils, or tapes in machine magazines. | Supplemental | 0 |
| Stamp dates and times of receipt of incoming mail. | Supplemental | 1 |
| Operate computer-controlled keyboards or voice recognition equipment to direct items according to established routing schemes. | Supplemental | 1 |
| Adjust guides, rollers, loose card inserters, weighing machines, and tying arms, using rules and hand tools. | Supplemental | 0 |
| Use equipment, such as forklifts and automated "trains," to move containers of mail. | Supplemental | 0 |
| Sell mail products, and accept payment for products and mailing charges. | Supplemental | 0.5 |
| Operate embossing machines or typewriters to make corrections, additions, and changes to address plates. | Supplemental | 0 |
Occupation information
Sources and attribution
This page includes information from the O*NET® 31.0 Database (https://www.onetcenter.org/database.html) by the U.S. Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration (USDOL/ETA). Used under the CC BY 4.0 license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). O*NET® is a trademark of USDOL/ETA. AI Changing Work has modified all or some of this information: the O*NET-SOC code, title and task statements are reproduced in English without change; task-type labels are shown in the page's language and tasks are listed core first; any Korean occupation title shown on the Korean-language page is AI Changing Work's translation; any KSCO-8 unit groups linked to this occupation were paired with it by AI Changing Work's judgment, and the relation labels and statuses are AI Changing Work's additions. USDOL/ETA has not approved, endorsed, or tested these modifications.
Any AI exposure figures on this page are published by third parties, not by AI Changing Work, and none is part of the O*NET information. OpenAI publishes task-level scores (MIT License) for O*NET 27.2 task statements; each is shown next to the O*NET 31.0 task statement with the same task ID, whose wording can differ from the 27.2 statement that was scored. OpenAI also publishes occupation-level scores for O*NET-SOC codes in the same release, and any such score is shown on the O*NET occupation with the same code. Anthropic publishes an observed exposure index in the Anthropic Economic Index (CC-BY), and the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics publishes relative AI exposure categories (public domain); both are published per SOC code, and each value is shown on every O*NET occupation with that code. The International Labour Organization publishes a generative AI exposure index in ILO Working Paper 140 (CC BY 4.0) for ISCO-08 unit groups; AI Changing Work links those groups to O*NET occupations by applying the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics ISCO-08 to 2010 SOC and 2010 SOC to 2018 SOC crosswalks as published, without case-by-case selection, and these crosswalks match many groups only in part. Where several unit groups are linked, each group's published value is listed, and any summary shows only the lowest and highest of those values with the number of groups; no exposure figure is averaged or recalculated. Any employment figures are published by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics for the SOC group containing this occupation. Each source is credited where its figures are shown.
O*NET OnLine: 43-9051.00 Mail Clerks and Mail Machine Operators, Except Postal Service
KSCO 코드·명칭: 한국표준직업분류(제8차 개정) — 통계청 고시 제2024-328호 (2024-07-01 고시, 2025-01-01 시행). 저작권법 제7조 제2호의 고시 항목이다. 명칭 표기(가운뎃점·띄어쓰기)는 해설서 2차 정오 반영판의 표기를 따랐으며, 고시 항목표와는 18개 명칭에서 가운뎃점 글리프나 띄어쓰기만 다르다. 통계청은 2025년 10월 국가데이터처로 개편되었다. 이 페이지의 KSCO 연결은 통계청·국가데이터처의 공식 연계표가 아니다.