Fishing and Hunting Workers
Farming, Fishing, and Forestry Occupations- O*NET-SOC code
- 45-3031.00
Hunt, trap, catch, or gather wild animals or aquatic animals and plants. May use nets, traps, or other equipment. May haul catch onto ship or other vessel.
- Data source: BLSPublished: 2026-08
Low· relative
LowFour relative bandsVery highGroup-level value
Scale, basis and source
Four relative bands (Low / Moderate / High / Very high)
831 detailed occupations in the BLS Employment Projections table. Assigned per National Employment Matrix (NEM) code, so occupations sharing a NEM code carry the same band
- Data source: ILOPublished: 2025
0.09–0.18· 5 ISCO-08 groups
Scale, basis and source
Generative AI exposure index, 0–1 as published
Published per ISCO-08 unit group. Linked to this occupation, wholly or in part, by applying U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (ISCO-08 to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to 2018 SOC) as published
- Data source: OpenAIPublished: 2023
0.009
0.000Range of values carried here0.844Scale, basis and source
What kind of figure this source publishes
The BLS category is a relative rank, not an absolute level, and it is not a first-hand measurement: it groups an occupation's percentile ranks across several published studies into four bands. It is not an employment or wage forecast, not a probability of adoption, and it does not separate automation from augmentation.
ILO value for each linked ISCO-08 group
- ISCO-08 6222Inland and Coastal Waters Fishery Workers0.17
- ISCO-08 6223Deep-sea Fishery Workers0.18
- ISCO-08 6224Hunters and Trappers0.09
- ISCO-08 6340Subsistence Fishers, Hunters, Trappers and Gatherers0.12
- ISCO-08 9216Fishery and Aquaculture Labourers0.11
Task-level exposure
Exposed tasks only30 rated tasks · 3 tasks with β ≥ 0.5 (10.0%)
β = direct exposure (E1) + 0.5 × exposure when tools are available (E2), per the source repository's definition.
- Source unit: O*NET 27.2 tasks → O*NET 31.0 occupation code
- 1 rated task is not in the O*NET 31.0 task list; its score is kept as published for O*NET 27.2.
- Source
- OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
- Release
- gh-main-0471612
- License
- MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI
Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime.
| Task (O*NET 27.2) | βE1 + 0.5 × E2 |
|---|---|
Remove catches from fishing equipment and measure them to ensure compliance with legal size.O*NET Task ID 23410 | 0.5 |
Compute positions and plot courses on charts to navigate vessels, using instruments such as compasses, sextants, and charts.O*NET Task ID 23414 | 0.5 |
Oversee the purchase of supplies, gear, and equipment.O*NET Task ID 23429 | 0.5 |
Patrol trap lines or nets to inspect settings, remove catch, and reset or relocate traps.O*NET Task ID 23400 | 0.0 |
Obtain permission from landowners to hunt or trap on their land.O*NET Task ID 23401 | 0.0 |
Travel on foot, by vehicle, or by equipment such as boats, snowmobiles, helicopters, snowshoes, or skis to reach hunting areas.O*NET Task ID 23402 | 0.0 |
Steer vessels and operate navigational instruments.O*NET Task ID 23403 | 0.0 |
Skin quarry, using knives, and stretch pelts on frames to be cured.O*NET Task ID 23404 | 0.0 |
Maintain and repair trapping equipment.O*NET Task ID 23405 | 0.0 |
Scrape fat, blubber, or flesh from skin sides of pelts with knives or hand scrapers.O*NET Task ID 23406 | 0.0 |
Put fishing equipment into the water and anchor or tow equipment, according to the fishing method used.O*NET Task ID 23407 | 0.0 |
Maintain engines, fishing gear, and other on-board equipment and perform minor repairs.O*NET Task ID 23408 | 0.0 |
Sort, pack, and store catch in holds with salt and ice.O*NET Task ID 23409 | 0.0 |
Locate fish, using fish-finding equipment.O*NET Task ID 23411 | 0.0 |
Obtain required approvals for using poisons or traps, and notify persons in areas where traps and poison are set.O*NET Task ID 23412 | 0.0 |
Track animals by checking for signs such as droppings or destruction of vegetation.O*NET Task ID 23413 | 0.0 |
Select, bait, and set traps, and lay poison along trails, according to species, size, habits, and environs of birds or animals and reasons for trapping them.O*NET Task ID 23415 | 0.0 |
Attach nets, slings, hooks, blades, or lifting devices to cables, booms, hoists, or dredges.O*NET Task ID 23416 | 0.0 |
Participate in animal damage control, wildlife management, disease control, and research activities.O*NET Task ID 23417 | 0.0 |
Transport fish to processing plants or to buyers.O*NET Task ID 23418 | 0.0 |
Interpret weather and vessel conditions to determine appropriate responses.O*NET Task ID 23419 | 0.0 |
Release quarry from traps or nets and transfer to cages.O*NET Task ID 23420 | 0.0 |
Kill or stun trapped quarry, using clubs, poisons, guns, or drowning methods.O*NET Task ID 23421 | 0.0 |
Wash and sort pelts according to species, color, and quality.O*NET Task ID 23422 | 0.0 |
Wash decks, conveyors, knives, and other equipment, using brushes, detergents, and water.O*NET Task ID 23423 | 0.0 |
Connect accessories such as floats, weights, flags, lights, or markers to nets, lines, or traps.O*NET Task ID 23424 | 0.0 |
Teach or guide individuals or groups unfamiliar with specific hunting methods or types of prey.O*NET Task ID 23425 | 0.0 |
Load and unload vessel equipment and supplies, by hand or using hoisting equipment.O*NET Task ID 23426 | 0.0 |
Harvest marine life for human or animal consumption, using diving or dredging equipment, traps, barges, rods, reels, or tackle.O*NET Task ID 23427 | 0.0 |
Direct fishing or hunting operations, and supervise crew members.O*NET Task ID 23428 | 0.0 |
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page
All O*NET 31.0 task statements (29)
All O*NET 31.0 task statements for this occupation (English, as published; task type core or supplemental). Exposure values are not listed here; they are in the table above, next to each task statement as worded in the O*NET version each source used.
| Task (O*NET 31.0) | Type |
|---|---|
| Travel on foot, by vehicle, or by equipment such as boats, snowmobiles, helicopters, snowshoes, or skis to reach hunting areas. | Core |
| Steer vessels and operate navigational instruments. | Core |
| Maintain engines, fishing gear, and other on-board equipment and perform minor repairs. | Core |
| Remove catches from fishing equipment and measure them to ensure compliance with legal size. | Core |
| Select, bait, and set traps, and lay poison along trails, according to species, size, habits, and environs of birds or animals and reasons for trapping them. | Core |
| Interpret weather and vessel conditions to determine appropriate responses. | Core |
| Wash decks, conveyors, knives, and other equipment, using brushes, detergents, and water. | Core |
| Connect accessories such as floats, weights, flags, lights, or markers to nets, lines, or traps. | Core |
| Load and unload vessel equipment and supplies, by hand or using hoisting equipment. | Core |
| Harvest marine life for human or animal consumption, using diving or dredging equipment, traps, barges, rods, reels, or tackle. | Core |
| Direct fishing or hunting operations, and supervise crew members. | Core |
| Oversee the purchase of supplies, gear, and equipment. | Core |
| Patrol trap lines or nets to inspect settings, remove catch, and reset or relocate traps. | Supplemental |
| Obtain permission from landowners to hunt or trap on their land. | Supplemental |
| Skin quarry, using knives, and stretch pelts on frames to be cured. | Supplemental |
| Maintain and repair trapping equipment. | Supplemental |
| Scrape fat, blubber, or flesh from skin sides of pelts with knives or hand scrapers. | Supplemental |
| Put fishing equipment into the water and anchor or tow equipment, according to the fishing method used. | Supplemental |
| Sort, pack, and store catch in holds with salt and ice. | Supplemental |
| Locate fish, using fish-finding equipment. | Supplemental |
| Obtain required approvals for using poisons or traps, and notify persons in areas where traps and poison are set. | Supplemental |
| Track animals by checking for signs such as droppings or destruction of vegetation. | Supplemental |
| Compute positions and plot courses on charts to navigate vessels, using instruments such as compasses, sextants, and charts. | Supplemental |
| Attach nets, slings, hooks, blades, or lifting devices to cables, booms, hoists, or dredges. | Supplemental |
| Participate in animal damage control, wildlife management, disease control, and research activities. | Supplemental |
| Transport fish to processing plants or to buyers. | Supplemental |
| Release quarry from traps or nets and transfer to cages. | Supplemental |
| Kill or stun trapped quarry, using clubs, poisons, guns, or drowning methods. | Supplemental |
| Teach or guide individuals or groups unfamiliar with specific hunting methods or types of prey. | Supplemental |
0.52/ 3· Robot exposure index
Scale, basis and source
Each physical task is graded 0–3 by the setting in which robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated could do it (0 none · 1 purpose-built robot settings such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line · 2 structured facilities such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port · 3 unstructured settings such as a private home or a construction site), and the grades are averaged by share of working time
Physical tasks among this occupation's O*NET 29.3 tasks
Anthropic estimated the grades and time shares with Claude Opus 5 using web search, as of 2026.
The robot exposure index is a different measure from the AI exposure figures on this site and cannot be added to or compared with them. It does not measure actual adoption or cost, and 0 also covers occupations with no physical tasks.
Tier of each physical task
Robot environment tiers (E0–E3)
E0 noneDetails
Rated not doable by robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated, even in a purpose-built setting
E1 purpose-built robot settingsDetails
Rated doable in a setting built around the machine, such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line
E2 structured facilitiesDetails
Rated doable in a human work facility that an institution keeps to a working standard, such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port
E3 unstructured settingsDetails
Rated doable in a setting that no institution keeps to a working standard, such as a private home or a construction site
Only tasks classified as physical are listed; other tasks have no tier in the source.
| Task (O*NET 29.3) | Robot environment tier |
|---|---|
| Patrol trap lines or nets to inspect settings, remove catch, and reset or relocate traps. | E0 none |
| Travel on foot, by vehicle, or by equipment such as boats, snowmobiles, helicopters, snowshoes, or skis to reach hunting areas. | E3 unstructured settings |
| Steer vessels and operate navigational instruments. | E2 structured facilities |
| Skin quarry, using knives, and stretch pelts on frames to be cured. | E0 none |
| Maintain and repair trapping equipment. | E0 none |
| Scrape fat, blubber, or flesh from skin sides of pelts with knives or hand scrapers. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Put fishing equipment into the water and anchor or tow equipment, according to the fishing method used. | E0 none |
| Maintain engines, fishing gear, and other on-board equipment and perform minor repairs. | E0 none |
| Sort, pack, and store catch in holds with salt and ice. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Remove catches from fishing equipment and measure them to ensure compliance with legal size. | E0 none |
| Track animals by checking for signs such as droppings or destruction of vegetation. | E0 none |
| Select, bait, and set traps, and lay poison along trails, according to species, size, habits, and environs of birds or animals and reasons for trapping them. | E0 none |
| Attach nets, slings, hooks, blades, or lifting devices to cables, booms, hoists, or dredges. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Participate in animal damage control, wildlife management, disease control, and research activities. | E0 none |
| Transport fish to processing plants or to buyers. | E2 structured facilities |
| Release quarry from traps or nets and transfer to cages. | E0 none |
| Kill or stun trapped quarry, using clubs, poisons, guns, or drowning methods. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Wash and sort pelts according to species, color, and quality. | E0 none |
| Wash decks, conveyors, knives, and other equipment, using brushes, detergents, and water. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Connect accessories such as floats, weights, flags, lights, or markers to nets, lines, or traps. | E0 none |
| Load and unload vessel equipment and supplies, by hand or using hoisting equipment. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Harvest marine life for human or animal consumption, using diving or dredging equipment, traps, barges, rods, reels, or tackle. | E0 none |
Occupation information
Employment outlook (BLS)
- Employment, 2025
- 28K
- Projected employment, 2035
- 27K
- Change (2025–35)
- -4.2%
- Median annual wage, 2025
- not published
- Typical education needed for entry
- No formal educational credential
Korea classification links (KSCO)
Links from the current release of the Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1, made by AI Changing Work. Relation values are read from the O*NET-SOC occupation side.
| KSCO code | KSCO title | Relation | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| 61392 | 수렵원 | This occupation is broader | confirmed |
| 63021 | 원근해 어부 | This occupation is broader | confirmed |
| 63022 | 내수면 어부 | This occupation is broader | confirmed |
| 63023 | 해녀 | This occupation is broader | confirmed |
| 99130 | 어업 관련 단순 종사원 | Overlapping, not the same | confirmed |
| 62091 | 임산물 채취원 | Related, not a match | confirmed |
Relation and status definitions(kr-direct v1.1)
ILO occupational description
AI Changing Work links the ISCO-08 unit groups below to this occupation by applying the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (2018 SOC to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to ISCO-08) as published, without case-by-case selection; each link may be whole or partial.
- ISCO-08 6222Inland and Coastal Waters Fishery Workers
- ISCO-08 6223Deep-sea Fishery Workers
- ISCO-08 6224Hunters and Trappers
- ISCO-08 6340Subsistence Fishers, Hunters, Trappers and Gatherers
- ISCO-08 9216Fishery and Aquaculture Labourers
Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits
ESCO occupational vocabulary
Each entry below is matched to this occupation in the published ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk (version 1, 2022). The match types are that crosswalk's; the wording is AI Changing Work's.
- boatswainESCO 8350.1This occupation is broader
Boatswains organise the crew on deck and at the fishing hold to execute the orders received from a superior. They coordinate the operations of maintenance, manoeuvres, assembly and repair of fishing gear and sorting, processing and preserving of the catches while observing the hygienic standards and established safety regulations.
- deep-sea fishery workerESCO 6223.1This occupation is broader
Deep-sea fishery workers operate on board fishing vessels to catch deep-sea fish for sale or delivery. They use equipment such as rods and nets to catch deep-sea fish according to legislation. Deep-sea fishery workers also transport, handle and preserve fish by salting, icing or freezing them.
- fisheries deckhandESCO 8350.4This occupation is broader
Fisheries deckhands work on fishing vessels where they carry out fishing related activities. They undertake a wide range of fishing and maritime work on land and at sea, such as handling of fishing gears and catches, communications, supply, seamanship, hospitality and stores.
- fishing net makerESCO 7318.3This occupation is broader
Fishing net makers make and assemble fishing net gear and carry out reparation and maintenance, as directed by the drawings and/or traditional methods.
- hunterESCO 6224.1This occupation is broader
Hunters track and pursue animals with the intention of trapping or killing them. They hunt animals for the purpose of gaining food and other animal products, recreation, trade or wildlife management. Hunters specialise in the skill of tracking down and shooting animals with weapons such as rifles and bows. They also use devices to trap animals for similar purposes.
- on foot aquatic resources collectorESCO 9216.3This occupation is broader
On foot aquatic resources collectors collect spat and seaweed, as well as shellfish or any other aquatic animal, such as crustacean and echinoderms, or vegetable resources.
- game keeperESCO 5164.7Overlapping, not the same
Game keepers manage the habitat and wild game population in a defined area.
Source: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)
License: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)
ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.
France classification links (ROME)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and ROME 4.0 job profiles, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side. Links marked “provisional” were adopted on the judgments of two judges from the same model family (Claude) alone, or by an operator rule applied to their judgments, so they rest on weaker evidence than confirmed links.
| ROME code | ROME title (French) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| A1415 | Marin-pêcheur | Same scopeprovisional |
| A1427 | Goémonier / Goémonière | This occupation is broaderprovisional |
| A1438 | Pêcheur / Pêcheuse à pied | This occupation is broaderprovisional |
| A1445 | Pêcheur sous-marin / Pêcheuse sous-marine | This occupation is broaderprovisional |
| A1406 | Capitaine de pêche | Related, not a match |
| A1425 | Ramendeur / Ramendeuse | Related, not a match |
| G1229 | Guide-accompagnateur / Guide-accompagnatrice de pêche | Related, not a matchprovisional |
Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.
ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)
Spain classification links (CNO-11)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and CNO-11 occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| CNO-11 code | CNO-11 title (Spanish) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 6422 | Pescadores de aguas costeras y aguas dulces | This occupation is broaderprovisional |
| 6423 | Pescadores de altura | This occupation is broaderprovisional |
| 6430 | Trabajadores cualificados en actividades cinegéticas | This occupation is broaderprovisional |
| 9541 | Peones de la pesca | This occupation is broaderprovisional |
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)
Germany classification links (KldB)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and KldB occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| KldB code | KldB title (German) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 11422 | Berufe in der Fischerei - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten | Same scope |
| 11401 | Berufe in der Fischwirtschaft (ohne Spezialisierung) - Helfer-/Anlerntätigkeiten | Related, not a match |
| 11732 | Berufe in der Jagdwirtschaft und Wildhege - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten | Related, not a match |
| 11402 | Berufe in der Fischwirtschaft (ohne Spezialisierung) - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten | Related, not a matchprovisional |
Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)
Japan classification links (JSCO)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and JSCO occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| JSCO code | JSCO title (Japanese) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 481 | 漁労従事者 | Same scopeprovisional |
| 482 | 船長・航海士・機関長・機関士（漁労船） | This occupation is broaderprovisional |
| 483 | 海藻・貝採取従事者 | This occupation is broaderprovisional |
| 479 | その他の林業従事者 | Related, not a matchprovisional |
| 489 | その他の漁業従事者 | Related, not a matchprovisional |
Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)
Sources, licenses and AI Changing Work's modification and translation notices for this page: Credits & sources