Carpenters

Construction and Extraction Occupations
O*NET-SOC code
47-2031.00

Construct, erect, install, or repair structures and fixtures made of wood and comparable materials, such as concrete forms; building frameworks, including partitions, joists, studding, and rafters; and wood stairways, window and door frames, and hardwood floors. May also install cabinets, siding, drywall, and batt or roll insulation. Includes brattice builders who build doors or brattices (ventilation walls or partitions) in underground passageways.

  • Data source: BLSPublished: 2026-08

    Low· relative

    LowFour relative bandsVery high

    Group-level value

    Scale, basis and source

    Four relative bands (Low / Moderate / High / Very high)

    831 detailed occupations in the BLS Employment Projections table. Assigned per National Employment Matrix (NEM) code, so occupations sharing a NEM code carry the same band

    Source dataset (XLSX download)

  • Data source: AnthropicPublished: 2026-03

    0.000

    0.000Range of values carried here0.745
    Scale, basis and source

    Observed exposure index, 0–1 as published

    Mapped onto O*NET tasks

    Published per SOC 2018 occupation; every O*NET occupation with the same SOC 2018 code carries this value

    Source dataset (CSV download)

  • Data source: ILOPublished: 2025

    0.13

    0.09Range of values carried here0.70

    Group-level value

    Scale, basis and source

    Generative AI exposure index, 0–1 as published

    Published per ISCO-08 unit group. Linked to this occupation, wholly or in part, by applying U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (ISCO-08 to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to 2018 SOC) as published

    Source dataset (PDF download)

What kind of figure this source publishes

The BLS category is a relative rank, not an absolute level, and it is not a first-hand measurement: it groups an occupation's percentile ranks across several published studies into four bands. It is not an employment or wage forecast, not a probability of adoption, and it does not separate automation from augmentation.

Task-level exposure

Exposed tasks only

29 rated tasks · 7 tasks with β ≥ 0.5 (24.1%)

β = direct exposure (E1) + 0.5 × exposure when tools are available (E2), per the source repository's definition.

  • Source unit: O*NET 27.2 tasks → O*NET 31.0 occupation code
  • All rated tasks are in the O*NET 31.0 task list.
Source
OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
Release
gh-main-0471612
License
MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI
Task (O*NET 30.2)Claude.aiRaw / share %APIRaw / share %
Maintain records, document actions, and present written progress reports.

47-2031.00

0.0300100.00.0100100.0
Not observed on any surface — 28 task(s) — These tasks have no row in the source for this release. The 0 in the share row is a display-stage composition ratio; absence is what the — in the raw row states.
Follow established safety rules and regulations and maintain a safe and clean environment.
—0—0
Study specifications in blueprints, sketches, or building plans to prepare project layout and determine dimensions and materials required.
—0—0
Measure and mark cutting lines on materials, using a ruler, pencil, chalk, and marking gauge.
—0—0
Shape or cut materials to specified measurements, using hand tools, machines, or power saws.
—0—0
Install structures or fixtures, such as windows, frames, floorings, trim, or hardware, using carpenters' hand or power tools.
—0—0
Verify trueness of structure, using plumb bob and level.
—0—0
Erect scaffolding or ladders for assembling structures above ground level.
—0—0
Anchor and brace forms and other structures in place, using nails, bolts, anchor rods, steel cables, planks, wedges, and timbers.
—0—0
Inspect ceiling or floor tile, wall coverings, siding, glass, or woodwork to detect broken or damaged structures.
—0—0
Assemble and fasten materials to make frameworks or props, using hand tools and wood screws, nails, dowel pins, or glue.
—0—0
Bore boltholes in timber, masonry or concrete walls, using power drill.
—0—0
Maintain job records and schedule work crew.
—0—0
Remove damaged or defective parts or sections of structures and repair or replace, using hand tools.
—0—0
Install rough door and window frames, subflooring, fixtures, or temporary supports in structures undergoing construction or repair.
—0—0
Dig or direct digging of post holes and set poles to support structures.
—0—0
Select and order lumber or other required materials.
—0—0
Arrange for subcontractors to deal with special areas, such as heating or electrical wiring work.
—0—0
Build or repair cabinets, doors, frameworks, floors, or other wooden fixtures used in buildings, using woodworking machines, carpenter's hand tools, or power tools.
—0—0
Finish surfaces of woodwork or wallboard in houses or buildings, using paint, hand tools, or paneling.
—0—0
Examine structural timbers and supports to detect decay, and replace timbers as required, using hand tools, nuts, and bolts.
—0—0
Apply shock-absorbing, sound-deadening, or decorative paneling to ceilings or walls.
—0—0
Cover subfloors with building paper to keep out moisture and lay hardwood, parquet, or wood-strip-block floors by nailing floors to subfloor or cementing them to mastic or asphalt base.
—0—0
Fill cracks or other defects in plaster or plasterboard and sand patch, using patching plaster, trowel, and sanding tool.
—0—0
Perform minor plumbing, welding, or concrete mixing work.
—0—0
Prepare cost estimates for clients or employers.
—0—0
Construct forms or chutes for pouring concrete.
—0—0
Build sleds from logs and timbers for use in hauling camp buildings and machinery through wooded areas.
—0—0
Work with or remove hazardous material.
—0—0

Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page

All O*NET 31.0 task statements (29)

All O*NET 31.0 task statements for this occupation (English, as published; task type core or supplemental). Exposure values are not listed here; they are in the table above, next to each task statement as worded in the O*NET version each source used.

Task (O*NET 31.0)Type
Follow established safety rules and regulations and maintain a safe and clean environment.Core
Study specifications in blueprints, sketches, or building plans to prepare project layout and determine dimensions and materials required.Core
Measure and mark cutting lines on materials, using a ruler, pencil, chalk, and marking gauge.Core
Shape or cut materials to specified measurements, using hand tools, machines, or power saws.Core
Install structures or fixtures, such as windows, frames, floorings, trim, or hardware, using carpenters' hand or power tools.Core
Verify trueness of structure, using plumb bob and level.Core
Select and order lumber or other required materials.Core
Arrange for subcontractors to deal with special areas, such as heating or electrical wiring work.Core
Maintain records, document actions, and present written progress reports.Core
Build or repair cabinets, doors, frameworks, floors, or other wooden fixtures used in buildings, using woodworking machines, carpenter's hand tools, or power tools.Core
Erect scaffolding or ladders for assembling structures above ground level.Core
Anchor and brace forms and other structures in place, using nails, bolts, anchor rods, steel cables, planks, wedges, and timbers.Core
Inspect ceiling or floor tile, wall coverings, siding, glass, or woodwork to detect broken or damaged structures.Core
Assemble and fasten materials to make frameworks or props, using hand tools and wood screws, nails, dowel pins, or glue.Core
Bore boltholes in timber, masonry or concrete walls, using power drill.Core
Maintain job records and schedule work crew.Core
Remove damaged or defective parts or sections of structures and repair or replace, using hand tools.Core
Install rough door and window frames, subflooring, fixtures, or temporary supports in structures undergoing construction or repair.Core
Finish surfaces of woodwork or wallboard in houses or buildings, using paint, hand tools, or paneling.Core
Examine structural timbers and supports to detect decay, and replace timbers as required, using hand tools, nuts, and bolts.Core
Cover subfloors with building paper to keep out moisture and lay hardwood, parquet, or wood-strip-block floors by nailing floors to subfloor or cementing them to mastic or asphalt base.Core
Fill cracks or other defects in plaster or plasterboard and sand patch, using patching plaster, trowel, and sanding tool.Core
Perform minor plumbing, welding, or concrete mixing work.Core
Prepare cost estimates for clients or employers.Core
Dig or direct digging of post holes and set poles to support structures.Core
Apply shock-absorbing, sound-deadening, or decorative paneling to ceilings or walls.Supplemental
Construct forms or chutes for pouring concrete.Supplemental
Build sleds from logs and timbers for use in hauling camp buildings and machinery through wooded areas.Supplemental
Work with or remove hazardous material.Supplemental

Occupation information

Employment outlook (BLS)

Employment, 2025
890K
Projected employment, 2035
925K
Change (2025–35)
+3.9%
Median annual wage, 2025
$60,580
Typical education needed for entry
High school diploma or equivalent
lowest $30,890median wage across 825 detailed occupations, BLS EP 2025–35highest $559,030

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment Projections 2025–35 — Employment by detailed occupation, 2025 and projected 2035

Korea classification links (KSCO)

Links from the current release of the Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1, made by AI Changing Work. Relation values are read from the O*NET-SOC occupation side.

KSCO codeKSCO titleRelationStatus
78242외장 목공This occupation is broaderconfirmed
78243형틀 목공This occupation is broaderconfirmed
78244내장 목공This occupation is broaderconfirmed
78241전통 건물 건축원Overlapping, not the sameconfirmed
78292건물 칸막이 설치원Related, not a matchconfirmed

Relation and status definitions(kr-direct v1.1)

ILO occupational description

AI Changing Work links the ISCO-08 unit groups below to this occupation by applying the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (2018 SOC to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to ISCO-08) as published, without case-by-case selection; each link may be whole or partial.

  • ISCO-08 7115Carpenters and Joiners

The definition, tasks and examples below are the ILO's description of that unit group, not of this occupation.

Carpenters and joiners cut, shape, assemble, erect, maintain and repair various types of structures and fittings made from wood and other materials.

Tasks

  • (a) making, altering and repairing structural and other woodwork at a workbench and on a construction site;
  • (b) constructing, erecting and installing heavy-framed wooden structures on building sites;
  • (c) fitting, assembling and altering internal and external fixtures of buildings, such as walls, doors, door and window frames, facings and panelling;
  • (d) making, repairing and fitting scenic equipment for theatrical performances and motion picture or television productions;
  • (e) constructing, assembling, altering and repairing wooden fixtures and fittings in train coaches, aircraft, ships, boats, floats and other vehicles.

Example occupations

Carpenter · Door installer · Finish Carpenter · Framer · Joiner · Shipwright (wood)

Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits

ESCO occupational vocabulary

Each entry below is matched to this occupation in the published ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk (version 1, 2022). The match types are that crosswalk's; the wording is AI Changing Work's.

  • carpenterESCO 7115.1Same scope

    Carpenters cut, shape and assemble wooden elements for the construction of buildings and other structures. They also use materials such as plastic and metal in their creations. Carpenters create the wooden frames to support wood framed buildings.

  • door installerESCO 7115.2Overlapping, not the same

    Door installers set doors in place. They remove the old door if present, prepare the frame opening, and set the new door in place square, straight, plumb, and watertight if called for. Door installers also inspect and service existing doors.

  • house builderESCO 7111.1Overlapping, not the same

    House builders construct, maintain and repair houses or similar small buildings using a range of techniques and materials of several construction building workers.

  • manufactured wooden building assemblerESCO 7119.3Overlapping, not the same

    Manufactured wooden building assemblers put together wooden elements for use in construction. The elements, or modules, may consist of walls with windows and doors built-in, or may be as large as whole rooms. The assemblers put together the supporting structure, insulation materials, and covering, and fasten it together to obtain usable modules.

Source: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)

License: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)

View original

ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.

France classification links (ROME)

AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and ROME 4.0 job profiles, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side. Links marked “provisional” were adopted on the judgments of two judges from the same model family (Claude) alone, or by an operator rule applied to their judgments, so they rest on weaker evidence than confirmed links.

ROME codeROME title (French)Relation
F1501Monteur / Monteuse de structures boisThis occupation is broaderprovisional
F1503Charpentier / CharpentièreThis occupation is broaderprovisional
F1504Charpentier / Charpentière de marineThis occupation is broaderprovisional
H2206Menuisier / MenuisièreOverlapping, not the sameprovisional
F1505Echafaudeur / EchafaudeuseRelated, not a match
H2213Menuisier / Menuisière en construction nautiqueRelated, not a match
L1527Chef constructeur / Cheffe constructrice en décorsRelated, not a match

Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.

ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)

Spain classification links (CNO-11)

AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and CNO-11 occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.

CNO-11 codeCNO-11 title (Spanish)Relation
7131Carpinteros (excepto ebanistas)Same scope

Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)

Germany classification links (KldB)

AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and KldB occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.

KldB codeKldB title (German)Relation
33322Berufe in der Zimmerei - fachlich ausgerichtete TätigkeitenThis occupation is broader
33332Berufe in der Bautischlerei - fachlich ausgerichtete TätigkeitenOverlapping, not the same
32112Berufe im Beton- und Stahlbetonbau - fachlich ausgerichtete TätigkeitenRelated, not a match
32152Berufe im Fassadenbau - fachlich ausgerichtete TätigkeitenRelated, not a matchprovisional
33133Berufe in der Parkettverlegung - komplexe SpezialistentätigkeitenRelated, not a matchprovisional
33323Berufe in der Zimmerei - komplexe SpezialistentätigkeitenRelated, not a matchprovisional

Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)

Japan classification links (JSCO)

AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and JSCO occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.

JSCO codeJSCO title (Japanese)Relation
661大工Same scope
651型枠大工This occupation is broader

Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)

Sources, licenses and AI Changing Work's modification and translation notices for this page: Credits & sources