Weatherization Installers and Technicians
Construction and Extraction Occupations- O*NET-SOC code
- 47-4099.03
Perform a variety of activities to weatherize homes and make them more energy efficient. Duties include repairing windows, insulating ducts, and performing heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning (HVAC) work. May perform energy audits and advise clients on energy conservation measures.
- Data source: ILOPublished: 2025
0.09
0.09Range of values carried here0.70Group-level value
Scale, basis and source
Generative AI exposure index, 0–1 as published
Published per ISCO-08 unit group. Linked to this occupation, wholly or in part, by applying U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (ISCO-08 to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to 2018 SOC) as published
- Data source: OpenAIPublished: 2023
0.200
0.000Range of values carried here0.844Scale, basis and source
Task-level exposure
Exposed tasks only20 rated tasks · 5 tasks with β ≥ 0.5 (25.0%)
β = direct exposure (E1) + 0.5 × exposure when tools are available (E2), per the source repository's definition.
- Source unit: O*NET 27.2 tasks → O*NET 31.0 occupation code
- All rated tasks are in the O*NET 31.0 task list.
- Source
- OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
- Release
- gh-main-0471612
- License
- MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI
| Task (O*NET 30.2) | Claude.aiRaw / share % | APIRaw / share % |
|---|---|---|
Explain recommendations, policies, procedures, requirements, or other related information to residents or building owners.47-4099.03 | 0.0100100.0 | 0.0100100.0 |
| Not observed on any surface — 19 task(s) — These tasks have no row in the source for this release. The 0 in the share row is a display-stage composition ratio; absence is what the — in the raw row states. | ||
Inspect buildings to identify required weatherization measures, including repair work, modification, or replacement. | —0 | —0 |
Recommend weatherization techniques to clients in accordance with needs and applicable energy regulations, codes, policies, or statutes. | —0 | —0 |
Test and diagnose air flow systems, using furnace efficiency analysis equipment. | —0 | —0 |
Apply insulation materials, such as loose, blanket, board, and foam insulation to attics, crawl spaces, basements, or walls. | —0 | —0 |
Explain energy conservation measures, such as the use of low flow showerheads and energy-efficient lighting. | —0 | —0 |
Install and seal air ducts, combustion air openings, or ventilation openings to improve heating and cooling efficiency. | —0 | —0 |
Install storm windows or storm doors and verify proper fit. | —0 | —0 |
Make minor repairs using basic hand or power tools and materials, such as glass, lumber, and drywall. | —0 | —0 |
Prepare and apply weather-stripping, glazing, caulking, or door sweeps to reduce energy losses. | —0 | —0 |
Prepare cost estimates or specifications for rehabilitation or weatherization services. | —0 | —0 |
Wrap air ducts and water lines with insulating materials, such as duct wrap and pipe insulation. | —0 | —0 |
Wrap water heaters with water heater blankets. | —0 | —0 |
Apply spackling, compounding, or other materials to repair holes in walls. | —0 | —0 |
Clean and maintain tools and equipment. | —0 | —0 |
Contact residents or building owners to schedule appointments. | —0 | —0 |
Maintain activity logs, financial transaction logs, or other records of weatherization work performed. | —0 | —0 |
Prepare or assist in the preparation of bids, contracts, or written reports related to weatherization work. | —0 | —0 |
Test combustible appliances, such as gas appliances. | —0 | —0 |
Determine amount of air leakage in buildings, using a blower door machine. | —0 | —0 |
Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.
| Task (O*NET 27.2) | βE1 + 0.5 × E2 |
|---|---|
Explain recommendations, policies, procedures, requirements, or other related information to residents or building owners.O*NET Task ID 17802 | 1.0 |
Maintain activity logs, financial transaction logs, or other records of weatherization work performed.O*NET Task ID 17803 | 1.0 |
Prepare or assist in the preparation of bids, contracts, or written reports related to weatherization work.O*NET Task ID 17804 | 1.0 |
Prepare cost estimates or specifications for rehabilitation or weatherization services.O*NET Task ID 17796 | 0.5 |
Contact residents or building owners to schedule appointments.O*NET Task ID 17801 | 0.5 |
Inspect buildings to identify required weatherization measures, including repair work, modification, or replacement.O*NET Task ID 17787 | 0.0 |
Recommend weatherization techniques to clients in accordance with needs and applicable energy regulations, codes, policies, or statutes.O*NET Task ID 17788 | 0.0 |
Test and diagnose air flow systems, using furnace efficiency analysis equipment.O*NET Task ID 17789 | 0.0 |
Apply insulation materials, such as loose, blanket, board, and foam insulation to attics, crawl spaces, basements, or walls.O*NET Task ID 17790 | 0.0 |
Explain energy conservation measures, such as the use of low flow showerheads and energy-efficient lighting.O*NET Task ID 17791 | 0.0 |
Install and seal air ducts, combustion air openings, or ventilation openings to improve heating and cooling efficiency.O*NET Task ID 17792 | 0.0 |
Install storm windows or storm doors and verify proper fit.O*NET Task ID 17793 | 0.0 |
Make minor repairs using basic hand or power tools and materials, such as glass, lumber, and drywall.O*NET Task ID 17794 | 0.0 |
Prepare and apply weather-stripping, glazing, caulking, or door sweeps to reduce energy losses.O*NET Task ID 17795 | 0.0 |
Wrap air ducts and water lines with insulating materials, such as duct wrap and pipe insulation.O*NET Task ID 17797 | 0.0 |
Wrap water heaters with water heater blankets.O*NET Task ID 17798 | 0.0 |
Apply spackling, compounding, or other materials to repair holes in walls.O*NET Task ID 17799 | 0.0 |
Clean and maintain tools and equipment.O*NET Task ID 17800 | 0.0 |
Test combustible appliances, such as gas appliances.O*NET Task ID 21204 | 0.0 |
Determine amount of air leakage in buildings, using a blower door machine.O*NET Task ID 21205 | 0.0 |
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page
All O*NET 31.0 task statements (20)
All O*NET 31.0 task statements for this occupation (English, as published; task type core or supplemental). Exposure values are not listed here; they are in the table above, next to each task statement as worded in the O*NET version each source used.
| Task (O*NET 31.0) | Type |
|---|---|
| Inspect buildings to identify required weatherization measures, including repair work, modification, or replacement. | Core |
| Recommend weatherization techniques to clients in accordance with needs and applicable energy regulations, codes, policies, or statutes. | Core |
| Test and diagnose air flow systems, using furnace efficiency analysis equipment. | Core |
| Apply insulation materials, such as loose, blanket, board, and foam insulation to attics, crawl spaces, basements, or walls. | Core |
| Explain energy conservation measures, such as the use of low flow showerheads and energy-efficient lighting. | Core |
| Install and seal air ducts, combustion air openings, or ventilation openings to improve heating and cooling efficiency. | Core |
| Install storm windows or storm doors and verify proper fit. | Core |
| Make minor repairs using basic hand or power tools and materials, such as glass, lumber, and drywall. | Core |
| Prepare and apply weather-stripping, glazing, caulking, or door sweeps to reduce energy losses. | Core |
| Prepare cost estimates or specifications for rehabilitation or weatherization services. | Core |
| Wrap air ducts and water lines with insulating materials, such as duct wrap and pipe insulation. | Core |
| Wrap water heaters with water heater blankets. | Core |
| Apply spackling, compounding, or other materials to repair holes in walls. | Core |
| Clean and maintain tools and equipment. | Core |
| Contact residents or building owners to schedule appointments. | Core |
| Explain recommendations, policies, procedures, requirements, or other related information to residents or building owners. | Core |
| Maintain activity logs, financial transaction logs, or other records of weatherization work performed. | Core |
| Prepare or assist in the preparation of bids, contracts, or written reports related to weatherization work. | Core |
| Test combustible appliances, such as gas appliances. | Core |
| Determine amount of air leakage in buildings, using a blower door machine. | Core |
0.51/ 3· Robot exposure index
Scale, basis and source
Each physical task is graded 0–3 by the setting in which robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated could do it (0 none · 1 purpose-built robot settings such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line · 2 structured facilities such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port · 3 unstructured settings such as a private home or a construction site), and the grades are averaged by share of working time
Physical tasks among this occupation's O*NET 29.3 tasks
Anthropic estimated the grades and time shares with Claude Opus 5 using web search, as of 2026.
The robot exposure index is a different measure from the AI exposure figures on this site and cannot be added to or compared with them. It does not measure actual adoption or cost, and 0 also covers occupations with no physical tasks.
Tier of each physical task
Robot environment tiers (E0–E3)
E0 noneDetails
Rated not doable by robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated, even in a purpose-built setting
E1 purpose-built robot settingsDetails
Rated doable in a setting built around the machine, such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line
E2 structured facilitiesDetails
Rated doable in a human work facility that an institution keeps to a working standard, such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port
E3 unstructured settingsDetails
Rated doable in a setting that no institution keeps to a working standard, such as a private home or a construction site
Only tasks classified as physical are listed; other tasks have no tier in the source.
| Task (O*NET 29.3) | Robot environment tier |
|---|---|
| Inspect buildings to identify required weatherization measures, including repair work, modification, or replacement. | E0 none |
| Test and diagnose air flow systems, using furnace efficiency analysis equipment. | E0 none |
| Apply insulation materials, such as loose, blanket, board, and foam insulation to attics, crawl spaces, basements, or walls. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Install and seal air ducts, combustion air openings, or ventilation openings to improve heating and cooling efficiency. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Install storm windows or storm doors and verify proper fit. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Make minor repairs using basic hand or power tools and materials, such as glass, lumber, and drywall. | E0 none |
| Prepare and apply weather-stripping, glazing, caulking, or door sweeps to reduce energy losses. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Wrap air ducts and water lines with insulating materials, such as duct wrap and pipe insulation. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Wrap water heaters with water heater blankets. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Apply spackling, compounding, or other materials to repair holes in walls. | E0 none |
| Clean and maintain tools and equipment. | E0 none |
| Test combustible appliances, such as gas appliances. | E0 none |
| Determine amount of air leakage in buildings, using a blower door machine. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
Occupation information
Employment outlook (BLS)
The BLS Employment Projections table has no row for SOC 47-4099.
Korea classification links (KSCO)
Links from the current release of the Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1, made by AI Changing Work. Relation values are read from the O*NET-SOC occupation side.
| KSCO code | KSCO title | Relation | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| 78330 | 단열공 | Related, not a match | confirmed |
Relation and status definitions(kr-direct v1.1)
ILO occupational description
AI Changing Work links the ISCO-08 unit groups below to this occupation by applying the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (2018 SOC to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to ISCO-08) as published, without case-by-case selection; each link may be whole or partial.
- ISCO-08 7119Building Frame and Related Trades Workers Not Elsewhere Classified
The definition, tasks and examples below are the ILO's description of that unit group, not of this occupation.
This unit group covers building frame and related trades workers not classified elsewhere in Minor Group 711: Building Frame and Related Trades Workers. For instance, the unit group includes steeplejacks, scaffolders and demolition workers.
Tasks
- In such cases tasks would include -
- (a) climbing and performing miscellaneous construction and building maintenance work on tall structures such as towers, chimneys and spires;
- (b) erecting temporary metal or wooden scaffolding on building sites;
- (c) demolishing buildings and other structures.
Example occupations
Building wrecker · Prefabricated building assembler · Scaffolder · Skilled demolition worker · Steeplejack
Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits
ESCO occupational vocabulary
Each entry below is matched to this occupation in the published ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk (version 1, 2022). The match types are that crosswalk's; the wording is AI Changing Work's.
- ceiling installerESCO 7123.1Overlapping, not the same
Ceiling installers install ceilings in buildings. They apply different techniques as the situation requires - for example when fire resistance is especially important, or when space is needed between the dropped ceiling and the next floor - or specialise in one.
- insulation supervisorESCO 3123.1.13Overlapping, not the same
Insulation supervisors monitor insulation operations. They assign tasks and take quick decisions to resolve problems.
- insulation workerESCO 7124.1Overlapping, not the same
Insulation workers install a variety of insulation materials to shield a structure or materials from heat, cold, and noise from the environment.
- rooferESCO 7121.1Overlapping, not the same
Roofers cover structures with roofs. They install the weight-bearing elements of a roof, either flat or pitched, then cover it with a weatherproof layer.
- window installerESCO 7115.5Overlapping, not the same
Window installers place windows into structures and service them. They take out old windows if present, prepare the opening, mount the window, and attach it in place plumb, straight, square and watertight.
Source: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)
License: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)
ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.
France classification links (ROME)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and ROME 4.0 job profiles, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side. Links marked “provisional” were adopted on the judgments of two judges from the same model family (Claude) alone, or by an operator rule applied to their judgments, so they rest on weaker evidence than confirmed links.
| ROME code | ROME title (French) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| F1114 | Conseiller / Conseillère en rénovation énergétique | Related, not a matchprovisional |
| F1616 | Poseur / Poseuse de menuiseries extérieures | Related, not a matchprovisional |
| F1626 | Calorifugeur / Calorifugeuse | Related, not a matchprovisional |
Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.
ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)
Spain classification links (CNO-11)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and CNO-11 occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| CNO-11 code | CNO-11 title (Spanish) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 7191 | Mantenedores de edificios | Related, not a match |
| 7292 | Instaladores de material aislante térmico y de insonorización | Related, not a match |
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)
Germany classification links (KldB)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and KldB occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| KldB code | KldB title (German) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 33312 | Berufe in der Isolierung - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten | Related, not a match |
| 42313 | Berufe in der Umweltschutzverwaltung und -beratung - komplexe Spezialistentätigkeiten | Related, not a match |
Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)
Japan classification links (JSCO)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and JSCO occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| JSCO code | JSCO title (Japanese) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 669 | その他の建設従事者 | This occupation is narrower |
| 666 | 配管従事者 | Related, not a match |
| 679 | その他の電気工事従事者 | Related, not a match |
Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)
Sources, licenses and AI Changing Work's modification and translation notices for this page: Credits & sources