Loading and Moving Machine Operators, Underground Mining

Construction and Extraction Occupations
O*NET-SOC code
47-5044.00

Operate underground loading or moving machine to load or move coal, ore, or rock using shuttle or mine car or conveyors. Equipment may include power shovels, hoisting engines equipped with cable-drawn scraper or scoop, or machines equipped with gathering arms and conveyor.

AI exposure

  • Data source: BLSPublished: 2026-08

    Low· relative

    LowFour relative bandsVery high

    Group-level value

    Scale, basis and source

    Four relative bands (Low / Moderate / High / Very high)

    831 detailed occupations in the BLS Employment Projections table. Assigned per National Employment Matrix (NEM) code, so occupations sharing a NEM code carry the same band

    Source dataset (XLSX download)

  • Data source: AnthropicPublished: 2026-03

    0.000

    0.000Range of values carried here0.745
    Scale, basis and source

    Observed exposure index, 0–1 as published

    Mapped onto O*NET tasks

    Published per SOC 2018 occupation; every O*NET occupation with the same SOC 2018 code carries this value

    Source dataset (CSV download)

  • Data source: ILOPublished: 2025

    0.17–0.20· 2 ISCO-08 groups

    Scale, basis and source

    Generative AI exposure index, 0–1 as published

    Published per ISCO-08 unit group. Linked to this occupation, wholly or in part, by applying U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (ISCO-08 to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to 2018 SOC) as published

    Source dataset (PDF download)

What kind of figure this source publishes

The BLS category is a relative rank, not an absolute level, and it is not a first-hand measurement: it groups an occupation's percentile ranks across several published studies into four bands. It is not an employment or wage forecast, not a probability of adoption, and it does not separate automation from augmentation.

ILO value for each linked ISCO-08 group
  • ISCO-08 8111Miners and Quarriers0.17
  • ISCO-08 8311Locomotive Engine Drivers0.20

AI exposure (OpenAI rubric)

28 rated tasks · 1 tasks with β ≥ 0.5 (3.6%)

β = direct exposure (E1) + 0.5 × exposure when tools are available (E2), per the source repository's definition.

  • Source unit: O*NET 27.2 tasks → O*NET 31.0 occupation code
  • 3 rated tasks are not in the O*NET 31.0 task list; their scores are kept as published for O*NET 27.2.
Source
OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
Release
gh-main-0471612
License
MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI

Tasks

Task statements from the O*NET® 31.0 Database, core tasks first.

TaskTypeβ (OpenAI)
Pry off loose material from roofs and move it into the paths of machines, using crowbars.Core0
Move trailing electrical cables clear of obstructions, using rubber safety gloves.Core0
Drive machines into piles of material blasted from working faces.Core0
Operate levers to move conveyor booms or shovels so that mine contents such as coal, rock, and ore can be placed into cars or onto conveyors.Core0
Clean hoppers, and clean spillage from tracks, walks, driveways, and conveyor decking.Core0
Oil, lubricate, and adjust conveyors, crushers, and other equipment, using hand tools and lubricating equipment.Core0
Replace hydraulic hoses, headlight bulbs, and gathering-arm teeth.Core0
Clean, fuel, service, and perform safety checks on all equipment, and repair and replace parts as necessary.Core0
Control conveyors that run the entire length of shuttle cars to distribute loads as loading progresses.Core0
Drive loaded shuttle cars to ramps and move controls to discharge loads into mine cars or onto conveyors.Core0
Examine roadway and clear obstructions from the path of travel.Core0
Handle high voltage sources and hang electrical cables.Core0
Measure, weigh, or verify levels of rock, gravel, or other excavated material to prevent equipment overloads.Core0
Monitor loading processes to ensure that materials are loaded according to specifications.Core0
Observe hand signals, grade stakes, or other markings when operating machines.Core0
Stop gathering arms when cars are full.Supplemental0
Advance machines to gather material and convey it into cars.Supplemental0
Signal workers to move loaded cars.Supplemental0
Observe and record car numbers, carriers, customers, tonnages, and grades and conditions of material.Supplemental0
Direct other workers to move stakes, place blocks, position anchors or cables, or move materials.Supplemental0
Guide and stop cars by switching, applying brakes, or placing scotches, or wooden wedges, between wheels and rails.Supplemental0
Maintain records of materials moved.Supplemental1
Move mine cars into position for loading and unloading, using pinchbars inserted under car wheels to position cars under loading spouts.Supplemental0
Push or ride cars down slopes, or hook cars to cables and control cable drum brakes, to ease cars down inclines.Supplemental0
Read written instructions or confer with supervisors about schedules and materials to be moved.Supplemental0

Occupation information

Sources and attribution

This page includes information from the O*NET® 31.0 Database (https://www.onetcenter.org/database.html) by the U.S. Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration (USDOL/ETA). Used under the CC BY 4.0 license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). O*NET® is a trademark of USDOL/ETA. AI Changing Work has modified all or some of this information: the O*NET-SOC code, title and task statements are reproduced in English without change; task-type labels are shown in the page's language and tasks are listed core first; any Korean occupation title shown on the Korean-language page is AI Changing Work's translation; any KSCO-8 unit groups linked to this occupation were paired with it by AI Changing Work's judgment, and the relation labels and statuses are AI Changing Work's additions. USDOL/ETA has not approved, endorsed, or tested these modifications.

Any AI exposure figures on this page are published by third parties, not by AI Changing Work, and none is part of the O*NET information. OpenAI publishes task-level scores (MIT License) for O*NET 27.2 task statements; each is shown next to the O*NET 31.0 task statement with the same task ID, whose wording can differ from the 27.2 statement that was scored. OpenAI also publishes occupation-level scores for O*NET-SOC codes in the same release, and any such score is shown on the O*NET occupation with the same code. Anthropic publishes an observed exposure index in the Anthropic Economic Index (CC-BY), and the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics publishes relative AI exposure categories (public domain); both are published per SOC code, and each value is shown on every O*NET occupation with that code. The International Labour Organization publishes a generative AI exposure index in ILO Working Paper 140 (CC BY 4.0) for ISCO-08 unit groups; AI Changing Work links those groups to O*NET occupations by applying the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics ISCO-08 to 2010 SOC and 2010 SOC to 2018 SOC crosswalks as published, without case-by-case selection, and these crosswalks match many groups only in part. Where several unit groups are linked, each group's published value is listed, and any summary shows only the lowest and highest of those values with the number of groups; no exposure figure is averaged or recalculated. Any employment figures are published by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics for the SOC group containing this occupation. Each source is credited where its figures are shown.

O*NET OnLine: 47-5044.00 Loading and Moving Machine Operators, Underground Mining

KSCO 코드·명칭: 한국표준직업분류(제8차 개정) — 통계청 고시 제2024-328호 (2024-07-01 고시, 2025-01-01 시행). 저작권법 제7조 제2호의 고시 항목이다. 명칭 표기(가운뎃점·띄어쓰기)는 해설서 2차 정오 반영판의 표기를 따랐으며, 고시 항목표와는 18개 명칭에서 가운뎃점 글리프나 띄어쓰기만 다르다. 통계청은 2025년 10월 국가데이터처로 개편되었다. 이 페이지의 KSCO 연결은 통계청·국가데이터처의 공식 연계표가 아니다.

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