First-Line Supervisors of Helpers, Laborers, and Material Movers, Hand
Transportation and Material Moving Occupations- O*NET-SOC code
- 53-1042.00
Directly supervise and coordinate the activities of helpers, laborers, or material movers, hand.
- Data source: ILOPublished: 2025
0.14
0.09Range of values carried here0.70Group-level value
Scale, basis and source
Generative AI exposure index, 0–1 as published
Published per ISCO-08 unit group. Linked to this occupation, wholly or in part, by applying U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (ISCO-08 to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to 2018 SOC) as published
- Data source: OpenAIPublished: 2023
0.356
0.000Range of values carried here0.844Scale, basis and source
Task-level exposure
Show 14 hidden tasks24 rated tasks · 10 tasks with β ≥ 0.5 (41.7%)
β = direct exposure (E1) + 0.5 × exposure when tools are available (E2), per the source repository's definition.
- Source unit: O*NET 27.2 tasks → O*NET 31.0 occupation code
- All rated tasks are in the O*NET 31.0 task list.
- Source
- OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
- Release
- gh-main-0471612
- License
- MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI
Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.
| Task (O*NET 27.2) | βE1 + 0.5 × E2 |
|---|---|
Prepare and maintain work records and reports of information such as employee time and wages, daily receipts, or inspection results.O*NET Task ID 8570 | 1.0 |
Quote prices to customers.O*NET Task ID 8578 | 1.0 |
Plan work schedules and assign duties to maintain adequate staff for effective performance of activities and response to fluctuating workloads.O*NET Task ID 8561 | 0.5 |
Evaluate employee performance and prepare performance appraisals.O*NET Task ID 8568 | 0.5 |
Assess training needs of staff and arrange for or provide appropriate instruction.O*NET Task ID 8576 | 0.5 |
Schedule times of shipment and modes of transportation for materials.O*NET Task ID 8577 | 0.5 |
Estimate material, time, and staffing requirements for a given project, based on work orders, job specifications, and experience.O*NET Task ID 8579 | 0.5 |
Provide assistance in balancing books, tracking, monitoring, or projecting a unit's budget needs, and in developing unit policies and procedures.O*NET Task ID 8580 | 0.5 |
Participate in the hiring process by reviewing credentials, conducting interviews, or making hiring decisions or recommendations.O*NET Task ID 8582 | 0.5 |
Inventory supplies and requisition or purchase additional items, as necessary.O*NET Task ID 8583 | 0.5 |
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page
All O*NET 31.0 task statements (24)
All O*NET 31.0 task statements for this occupation (English, as published; task type core or supplemental). Exposure values are not listed here; they are in the table above, next to each task statement as worded in the O*NET version each source used.
| Task (O*NET 31.0) | Type |
|---|---|
| Plan work schedules and assign duties to maintain adequate staff for effective performance of activities and response to fluctuating workloads. | Core |
| Collaborate with workers and managers to solve work-related problems. | Core |
| Review work throughout the work process and at completion to ensure that it has been performed properly. | Core |
| Transmit and explain work orders to laborers. | Core |
| Check specifications of materials loaded or unloaded against information contained in work orders. | Core |
| Inform designated employees or departments of items loaded or problems encountered. | Core |
| Evaluate employee performance and prepare performance appraisals. | Core |
| Perform the same work duties as those supervised, or perform more difficult or skilled tasks or assist in their performance. | Core |
| Prepare and maintain work records and reports of information such as employee time and wages, daily receipts, or inspection results. | Core |
| Conduct staff meetings to relay general information or to address specific topics, such as safety. | Core |
| Counsel employees in work-related activities, personal growth, or career development. | Core |
| Inspect equipment for wear and for conformance to specifications. | Core |
| Resolve personnel problems, complaints, or formal grievances when possible, or refer them to higher-level supervisors for resolution. | Core |
| Recommend or initiate personnel actions, such as promotions, transfers, or disciplinary measures. | Core |
| Assess training needs of staff and arrange for or provide appropriate instruction. | Core |
| Estimate material, time, and staffing requirements for a given project, based on work orders, job specifications, and experience. | Core |
| Participate in the hiring process by reviewing credentials, conducting interviews, or making hiring decisions or recommendations. | Core |
| Maintain a safe working environment by monitoring safety procedures and equipment. | Core |
| Examine freight to determine loading sequences. | Supplemental |
| Schedule times of shipment and modes of transportation for materials. | Supplemental |
| Quote prices to customers. | Supplemental |
| Provide assistance in balancing books, tracking, monitoring, or projecting a unit's budget needs, and in developing unit policies and procedures. | Supplemental |
| Inspect job sites to determine the extent of maintenance or repairs needed. | Supplemental |
| Inventory supplies and requisition or purchase additional items, as necessary. | Supplemental |
0.52/ 3· Robot exposure index
Scale, basis and source
Each physical task is graded 0–3 by the setting in which robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated could do it (0 none · 1 purpose-built robot settings such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line · 2 structured facilities such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port · 3 unstructured settings such as a private home or a construction site), and the grades are averaged by share of working time
Physical tasks among this occupation's O*NET 29.3 tasks
Anthropic estimated the grades and time shares with Claude Opus 5 using web search, as of 2026.
The robot exposure index is a different measure from the AI exposure figures on this site and cannot be added to or compared with them. It does not measure actual adoption or cost, and 0 also covers occupations with no physical tasks.
Tier of each physical task
Robot environment tiers (E0–E3)
E0 noneDetails
Rated not doable by robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated, even in a purpose-built setting
E1 purpose-built robot settingsDetails
Rated doable in a setting built around the machine, such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line
E2 structured facilitiesDetails
Rated doable in a human work facility that an institution keeps to a working standard, such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port
E3 unstructured settingsDetails
Rated doable in a setting that no institution keeps to a working standard, such as a private home or a construction site
Only tasks classified as physical are listed; other tasks have no tier in the source.
| Task (O*NET 29.3) | Robot environment tier |
|---|---|
| Review work throughout the work process and at completion to ensure that it has been performed properly. | E0 none |
| Check specifications of materials loaded or unloaded against information contained in work orders. | E2 structured facilities |
| Perform the same work duties as those supervised, or perform more difficult or skilled tasks or assist in their performance. | E2 structured facilities |
| Inspect equipment for wear and for conformance to specifications. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Maintain a safe working environment by monitoring safety procedures and equipment. | E0 none |
| Inspect job sites to determine the extent of maintenance or repairs needed. | E2 structured facilities |
| Inventory supplies and requisition or purchase additional items, as necessary. | E2 structured facilities |
Occupation information
Employment outlook (BLS)
The BLS Employment Projections table has no row for SOC 53-1042.
Korea classification links (KSCO)
Links from the current release of the Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1, made by AI Changing Work. Relation values are read from the O*NET-SOC occupation side.
| KSCO code | KSCO title | Relation | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| 15129 | 그 외 운송 관련 관리자 | Overlapping, not the same | confirmed |
Relation and status definitions(kr-direct v1.1)
ILO occupational description
AI Changing Work links the ISCO-08 unit groups below to this occupation by applying the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (2018 SOC to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to ISCO-08) as published, without case-by-case selection; each link may be whole or partial.
- ISCO-08 9333Freight Handlers
The definition, tasks and examples below are the ILO's description of that unit group, not of this occupation.
Freight handlers carry out tasks such as packing, carrying, loading and unloading furniture and other household items, or loading and unloading ship and aircraft cargoes and other freight, or carrying and stacking goods in various warehouses.
Tasks
- (a) packing office or household furniture, machines, appliances and related goods to be transported from one place to another;
- (b) carrying goods to be loaded on or unloaded from vans, trucks, wagons, ships or aircraft;
- (c) loading and unloading grain, coal, sand, baggage and other items by placing them on conveyor belts, pipes and other conveyances;
- (d) connecting hoses between main shore installation pipes and tanks of barges, tankers and other ships to load and unload petroleum, liquefied gases and other liquids;
- (e) carrying and stacking goods in warehouses and similar establishments;
- (f) sorting cargo prior to loading and unloading.
Example occupations
Baggage handler · Freight handler · Warehouse porter
Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits
ESCO occupational vocabulary
Each entry below is matched to this occupation in the published ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk (version 1, 2022). The match types are that crosswalk's; the wording is AI Changing Work's.
- stevedore superintendentESCO 9333.7This occupation is broader
Stevedore superintendents supervise and monitor the freight handling and longshore labor in a dockyard to maximise productivity. They manage the loading and unloading of cargo and monitor the safety of the work area. Stevedore superintendents may also investigate incidents and prepare accident reports.
- crane crew supervisorESCO 3123.1.7Overlapping, not the same
Crane crew supervisors are present to supervise crane operations. They keep an eye on safety and make sure regulations are followed. The supervisor takes quick decisions to resolve problems.
- demolition supervisorESCO 3123.1.8Overlapping, not the same
Demolition supervisors monitor operations involved in the demolition of buildings and clean up of debris. They take quick decisions to resolve problems.
- dismantling supervisorESCO 3123.1.9Overlapping, not the same
Dismantling supervisors monitor the operations involved in dismantling activities such as removing and possibly recycling industrial equipment and machinery or decommissioning of plants. The distribute the task among workers and supervise if everything is done according to safety regulations. If problems arise they consult with engineers and take quick decisions to resolve problems.
- rigging supervisorESCO 7215.3Overlapping, not the same
Rigging supervisors oversee rigging operations. They manage and coordinate employees who operate lifting and rigging equipment. They organise the day-to-day working activities.
Source: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)
License: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)
ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.
France classification links (ROME)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and ROME 4.0 job profiles, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side. Links marked “provisional” were adopted on the judgments of two judges from the same model family (Claude) alone, or by an operator rule applied to their judgments, so they rest on weaker evidence than confirmed links.
| ROME code | ROME title (French) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| N1112 | Chef / Cheffe d'équipe logistique | This occupation is narrowerprovisional |
| D1304 | Responsable de station de lavage | This occupation is broaderprovisional |
| N1107 | Chef / Cheffe d'équipe en déménagement | This occupation is broaderprovisional |
| N3204 | Chef / Cheffe d'équipe de manutention portuaire | Related, not a matchprovisional |
Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.
ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)
Spain classification links (CNO-11)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and CNO-11 occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| CNO-11 code | CNO-11 title (Spanish) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 9811 | Peones del transporte de mercancías y descargadores | This occupation is narrowerprovisional |
| 9700 | Peones de las industrias manufactureras | Related, not a matchprovisional |
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)
Germany classification links (KldB)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and KldB occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| KldB code | KldB title (German) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 51393 | Aufsichtskräfte - Lagerwirtschaft, Post und Zustellung, Güterumschlag | This occupation is narrower |
| 51332 | Berufe im Güter- und Warenumschlag - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten | Related, not a match |
Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)
Japan classification links (JSCO)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and JSCO occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| JSCO code | JSCO title (Japanese) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 703 | 陸上荷役・運搬従事者 | Related, not a matchprovisional |
| 704 | 倉庫作業従事者 | Related, not a matchprovisional |
| 706 | 荷造従事者 | Related, not a matchprovisional |
Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)
Sources, licenses and AI Changing Work's modification and translation notices for this page: Credits & sources