Court, Municipal, and License Clerks

Legal

AI exposure

Data source: BLSPublished: 2026-08
Very high· relative
LowFour relative bandsVery high
Group-level value
Scale, basis and source
Four relative bands (Low / Moderate / High / Very high)
831 detailed occupations in the BLS Employment Projections table. Assigned per National Employment Matrix (NEM) code, so occupations sharing a NEM code carry the same band
Source dataset (XLSX download)
Data source: AnthropicPublished: 2026-03
0.102
0.000Range of values carried here0.745
Scale, basis and source
Observed exposure index, 0–1 as published
Mapped onto O*NET tasks
Source dataset
Data source: ILOPublished: 2025
0.43
0.09Range of values carried here0.70
Group-level value
Scale, basis and source
Generative AI exposure index, 0–1 as published
ISCO-08 unit group — every occupation sharing the code gets this value
Computed by this site, not published by the ILO: of the 1,012 occupations this site links to the ILO dataset, 30% score at or above this value.
Source dataset

What kind of figure this source publishes

The BLS category is a relative rank, not an absolute level, and it is not a first-hand measurement: it groups an occupation's percentile ranks across several published studies into four bands. It is not an employment or wage forecast, not a probability of adoption, and it does not separate automation from augmentation.

Task-level exposure

Show 49 hidden tasks

Task	Claude.aiRaw / share %
Explain procedures or forms to parties in cases or to the general public. 43-4031	0.055533.2
Examine legal documents submitted to courts for adherence to laws or court procedures. 43-4031	0.01599.5
Answer inquiries from the general public regarding judicial procedures, court appearances, trial dates, adjournments, outstanding warrants, summonses, subpoenas, witness fees, or payment of fines. 43-4031	0.01418.4
Conduct and score oral, visual, written, or performance tests to determine applicant qualifications and notify applicants of their scores. 43-4031	0.00945.6
Respond to requests for information from the public, other municipalities, state officials, or state and federal legislative offices. 43-4031	0.00824.9
Verify the authenticity of documents, such as foreign identification or immigration documents. 43-4031	0.00814.8
Prepare meeting agendas or packets of related information. 43-4031	0.00794.8
Collaborate with other staff to assist in the development and implementation of goals, objectives, policies, or priorities. 43-4031	0.00784.7
Prepare documents recording the outcomes of court proceedings. 43-4031	0.00684.1
Process claims against the municipality, maintaining files and log of claims, and coordinate claim response and handling with municipal claims administrators. 43-4031	0.00633.7
Answer questions or provide advice to the public regarding licensing policies, procedures, or regulations. 43-4031	0.00613.7
Participate in the administration of municipal elections, such as preparation or distribution of ballots, appointment or training of election officers, or tabulation or certification of results. 43-4031	0.00402.4
Record and maintain all vital and fiscal records and accounts. 43-4031	0.00342.0
Prepare ordinances, resolutions, or proclamations so that they can be executed, recorded, archived, or distributed. 43-4031	0.00332.0
Prepare and issue orders of the court, such as probation orders, release documentation, sentencing information, or summonses. 43-4031	0.00271.6
Inform customers by mail or telephone of additional steps they need to take to obtain licenses. 43-4031	0.00271.6
Record and edit the minutes of meetings and distribute to appropriate officials or staff members. 43-4031	0.00251.5
Perform general office duties, such as taking or transcribing dictation, typing or proofreading correspondence, distributing or filing official forms, or scheduling appointments. 43-4031	0.00231.4
Show 8 more tasks ▾Show less ▴

Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.

Task	βE1 + 0.5 × E2
Record and edit the minutes of meetings and distribute to appropriate officials or staff members. O*NET Task ID 23269	1.0
Question applicants to obtain required information, such as name, address, or age, and record data on prescribed forms. O*NET Task ID 23270	1.0
Issue public notification of all official activities or meetings. O*NET Task ID 23271	1.0
Prepare meeting agendas or packets of related information. O*NET Task ID 23274	1.0
Prepare and issue orders of the court, such as probation orders, release documentation, sentencing information, or summonses. O*NET Task ID 23275	1.0
Prepare ordinances, resolutions, or proclamations so that they can be executed, recorded, archived, or distributed. O*NET Task ID 23276	1.0
Code information on license applications for entry into computers. O*NET Task ID 23277	1.0
Record case dispositions, court orders, or arrangements made for payment of court fees. O*NET Task ID 23278	1.0
Prepare documents recording the outcomes of court proceedings. O*NET Task ID 23281	1.0
Perform general office duties, such as taking or transcribing dictation, typing or proofreading correspondence, distributing or filing official forms, or scheduling appointments. O*NET Task ID 23283	1.0
Perform administrative tasks, such as answering telephone calls, filing court documents, or maintaining office supplies or equipment. O*NET Task ID 23284	1.0
Instruct parties about timing of court appearances. O*NET Task ID 23290	1.0
Evaluate information on applications to verify completeness and accuracy and to determine whether applicants are qualified to obtain desired licenses. O*NET Task ID 23267	0.5
Verify the authenticity of documents, such as foreign identification or immigration documents. O*NET Task ID 23268	0.5
Record and maintain all vital and fiscal records and accounts. O*NET Task ID 23272	0.5
Answer questions or provide advice to the public regarding licensing policies, procedures, or regulations. O*NET Task ID 23273	0.5
Perform budgeting duties, such as assisting in budget preparation, expenditure review, or budget administration. O*NET Task ID 23279	0.5
Perform record checks on past or current licensees, as required by investigations. O*NET Task ID 23280	0.5
Examine legal documents submitted to courts for adherence to laws or court procedures. O*NET Task ID 23282	0.5
Respond to requests for information from the public, other municipalities, state officials, or state and federal legislative offices. O*NET Task ID 23285	0.5
Search files and contact witnesses, attorneys, or litigants to obtain information for the court. O*NET Task ID 23286	0.5
Coordinate or maintain office tracking systems for correspondence or follow-up actions. O*NET Task ID 23287	0.5
Answer inquiries from the general public regarding judicial procedures, court appearances, trial dates, adjournments, outstanding warrants, summonses, subpoenas, witness fees, or payment of fines. O*NET Task ID 23288	0.5
Research information in the municipal archives upon request of public officials or private citizens. O*NET Task ID 23291	0.5
Perform contract administration duties, assisting with bid openings or the awarding of contracts. O*NET Task ID 23292	0.5
Participate in the administration of municipal elections, such as preparation or distribution of ballots, appointment or training of election officers, or tabulation or certification of results. O*NET Task ID 23293	0.5
Issue various permits and licenses, such as marriage, fishing, hunting, and dog licenses, and collect appropriate fees. O*NET Task ID 23294	0.5
Plan or direct the maintenance, filing, safekeeping, or computerization of all municipal documents. O*NET Task ID 23295	0.5
Prepare dockets or calendars of cases to be called. O*NET Task ID 23296	0.5
Show 19 more tasks ▾Show less ▴

β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.

Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page

Occupation information

ILO

KEIS2025

Shown in the original Korean. This dataset is published under KOGL Type 4, which prohibits derivative works including translation, so the text is reproduced unaltered.

일반행정공무원(조세, 관세, 병무 제외)KNOW K000000995
Job outlook: 증가(18%) 현상유지(34%) 감소(47%)
Wages (10,000 KRW): lower(25%) 4.55K average(50%) 5.9K upper(25%) 7.0K
minacross 461 KNOW occupationsmax
Job satisfaction: 69.9
minacross 461 KNOW occupationsmax
Details
Duties
- - 법령과 업무처리 규정에 따라 소관 업무를 계획하고 시행한다.
- - 각종 보고서나 문서를 기안, 보고하고 시행하며 기타 행정에 관련된 업무를 수행한다.
- - 주민등록, 출생, 사망, 혼인, 이혼, 호적 등과 관련된 서류접수 및 발급 등 정부 고유의 행정 업무를 수행한다.
See details on KNOW (Korea Employment Information Service) (external site)
Work abilities
글쓰기(97) · 듣고 이해하기(94) · 인적자원 관리(94) · 읽고 이해하기(93) · 행동조정(93)
Knowledge
법(91) · 사무(85) · 경영 및 행정(84) · 국어(82) · 경제와 회계(73)
Work environment
공문, 문서 주고받기(95) · 불쾌하거나 무례한 사람 상대(90) · 전화 대화하기(89) · 이메일 이용하기(88) · 앉아서 근무(87)
Related occupations
관세 행정 사무원 · 병무행정사무원 · 조세행정사무원
관세 행정 사무원KNOW K000001040
Job outlook: 증가(20%) 현상유지(73%) 감소(7%)
Wages (10,000 KRW): lower(25%) 3.7K average(50%) 4.0K upper(25%) 4.275K
minacross 461 KNOW occupationsmax
Job satisfaction: 75
minacross 461 KNOW occupationsmax
Details
Duties
- -수출입 대상 품목을 분류하고 세액을 산출한다.
- -수출 및 수입통관 관련 문서를 검토하고 신고한다.
- -환급요건을 확인하고 신청서류를 작성하여 신청한다.
- -통관검사에 입회한다.
- -수출입에 관련된 세금을 납부하고 수출입신고 필증을 통보한다.
See details on KNOW (Korea Employment Information Service) (external site)
Work abilities
전산(91) · 시력(86) · 수리력(81) · 문제 해결(70) · 읽고 이해하기(68)
Knowledge
법(84) · 사무(83) · 경제와 회계(79) · 경영 및 행정(64) · 영어(54)
Work environment
자동화 정도(100) · 공문, 문서 주고받기(97) · 연설, 발표, 회의하기(93) · 치열한 경쟁(91) · 반복적인 신체행동, 정신적 활동(90)
Related occupations
일반행정공무원(조세, 관세, 병무 제외) · 병무행정사무원 · 조세행정사무원
병무행정사무원KNOW K000007456
Job outlook: 증가(3%) 현상유지(52%) 감소(45%)
Wages (10,000 KRW): lower(25%) 3.7K average(50%) 4.0K upper(25%) 5.0K
minacross 461 KNOW occupationsmax
Job satisfaction: 70.7
minacross 461 KNOW occupationsmax
Details
Duties
- -병역법에 의거하여 징·소집 대상, 병역대체복무자, 병력동원대상 등 병역자원을 관리한다.
- -징병검사 및 각종 병역관련 업무를 처분한다.
- -향토예비군을 편성하고 예비군 자원을 관리한다.
- -동원지정 예비군을 관리하고 대상 예비군에 대하여 전시병력 동원 및 훈련소집을 한다.
- -산업기능요원 채용 업체를 지정하고 관리하는 등 병역대체복무자를 편성·관리한다.
- -병역 의무자의 국외여행 및 국외체제시의 허가 및 병적증명서, 복무확인서 발급 등의 업무를 수행한다.
- -훈련 불참 등 병역법 위반시 고발 등의 조치를 하기도 한다
See details on KNOW (Korea Employment Information Service) (external site)
Work abilities
전산(88) · 행동조정(64) · 조직체계의 분석 및 평가(63) · 청력(60) · 듣고 이해하기(54)
Knowledge
사무(89) · 경영 및 행정(87) · 통신(62) · 법(62) · 컴퓨터와 전자공학(60)
Work environment
자동화 정도(99) · 반복적인 신체행동, 정신적 활동(93) · 정확성, 정밀성 유지(90) · 앉아서 근무(89) · 공문, 문서 주고받기(89)
Related occupations
일반행정공무원(조세, 관세, 병무 제외) · 관세 행정 사무원 · 조세행정사무원
조세행정사무원KNOW K000007516
Job outlook: 증가(7%) 현상유지(43%) 감소(50%)
Wages (10,000 KRW): lower(25%) 3.638K average(50%) 4.2K upper(25%) 5.0K
minacross 461 KNOW occupationsmax
Job satisfaction: 72.2
minacross 461 KNOW occupationsmax
Details
Duties
- -각종 세법에 따라 개인 또는 사업체가 납부하는 각종 세금의 금액을 결정하기 위하여 신고서, 판매영수증, 세금계산서 및 기타 관련 서류를 검토하고, 과세자료를 추적·조사한다.
- -세금을 부과, 승인 결정하는데 관련된 업무를 수행한다.
- -각종 세금의 결정과 납부에 관한 법령의 올바른 해석 및 국민의 권리와 의무에 관하여 단체, 기업, 시민에게 조언한다.
- -법령과 업무처리 규정에 따라 조세행정 업무를 계획하고 시행한다.
- -각종 보고서나 문서를 기안하고 시행하며 기타 조세행정 업무를 수행한다.
See details on KNOW (Korea Employment Information Service) (external site)
Work abilities
수리력(99) · 전산(95) · 읽고 이해하기(76) · 논리적 분석(68) · 듣고 이해하기(54)
Knowledge
경제와 회계(92) · 법(89) · 경영 및 행정(80) · 사무(80) · 산수와 수학(74)
Work environment
앉아서 근무(90) · 외부 고객 대하기(80) · 전화 대화하기(78) · 다른 사람과의 접촉(78) · 다른 사람과 신체적 접촉(77)
Related occupations
일반행정공무원(조세, 관세, 병무 제외) · 관세 행정 사무원 · 병무행정사무원

The KNOW occupations and KECO codes listed here were linked to this page's occupation by this site; this is not a correspondence defined by the Korea Employment Information Service or the Ministry of Employment and Labor.

Court, Municipal, and License Clerks

AI exposure

Task-level exposure

Occupation information

ILO occupational description

ESCO occupational vocabulary