DevOps Engineers

Name: DevOps Engineers — published AI exposure indices
Creator: AI Changing Work

Computer & Mathematical

AI exposure

Data source: BLSPublished: 2026-08
Very high· relative
LowFour relative bandsVery high
Group-level value
Scale, basis and source
Four relative bands (Low / Moderate / High / Very high)
831 detailed occupations in the BLS Employment Projections table. Assigned per National Employment Matrix (NEM) code, so occupations sharing a NEM code carry the same band
Source dataset (XLSX download)
Data source: AnthropicPublished: 2026-03
0.311
0.000Range of values carried here0.745
Scale, basis and source
Observed exposure index, 0–1 as published
Mapped onto O*NET tasks
Source dataset
Data source: ILOPublished: 2025
0.49
0.09Range of values carried here0.70
Group-level value
Scale, basis and source
Generative AI exposure index, 0–1 as published
ISCO-08 unit group — every occupation sharing the code gets this value
Computed by this site, not published by the ILO: of the 1,012 occupations this site links to the ILO dataset, 21% score at or above this value.
Source dataset

What kind of figure this source publishes

The BLS category is a relative rank, not an absolute level, and it is not a first-hand measurement: it groups an occupation's percentile ranks across several published studies into four bands. It is not an employment or wage forecast, not a probability of adoption, and it does not separate automation from augmentation.

Task-level exposure

Show 151 hidden tasks

Task	Claude.aiRaw / share %	APIRaw / share %
Search electronic sources, such as databases or repositories, or manual sources for information. 15-1299	4.950064.0	5.720045.1
Confer with users to analyze, configure, or troubleshoot applications. 15-1299	0.64008.3	0.15001.2
Provide technical guidance or support for the development or troubleshooting of systems. 15-1299	0.48006.2	0.07000.6
Write and execute scripts to automate tasks, such as parsing large data files. 15-1299	0.21002.7	0.16001.3
Create, analyze, report, convert, or transfer data, using specialized applications program software. 15-1299	0.15001.9	0.24001.9
Evaluate existing systems to determine effectiveness, and suggest changes to meet organizational requirements. 15-1299	0.08001.0	0.04000.3
Monitor system operation to detect potential problems. 15-1299	0.07000.9	0.67005.3
Review existing or incoming data for currency, accuracy, usefulness, quality, or completeness of documentation. 15-1299	0.06000.8	3.560028.1
Review or update Web page content or links in a timely manner, using appropriate tools. 15-1299	0.06000.8	0.11000.9
Retrieve electronic assets from repository for distribution to users, collecting and returning to repository, if necessary. 15-1299	0.06000.8	0.11000.9
Document design specifications, installation instructions, and other system-related information. 15-1299	0.06000.8	0.05000.4
Investigate system component suitability for specified purposes, and make recommendations regarding component use. 15-1299	0.06000.8	0.04000.3
Develop application-specific software. 15-1299	0.06000.8	0.04000.3
Correct testing-identified problems, or recommend actions for their resolution. 15-1299	0.05000.6	0.02000.2
Develop system engineering, software engineering, system integration, or distributed system architectures. 15-1299	0.05000.6	0.01000.1
Provide technical support to computer users for installation and use of security products. 15-1299	0.05000.6	0.01000.1
Develop a maintainable code base using object-oriented design principles, practices, or patterns. 15-1299	0.04000.5	0.03000.2
Recommend procedures, equipment, or software upgrades to increase data accessibility or ease of use. 15-1299	0.04000.5	0.01000.1
Provide training or technical assistance in Web site implementation or use. 15-1299	0.04000.5	0.00000.0
Develop or update project plans for information technology projects including information such as project objectives, technologies, systems, information specifications, schedules, funding, and staffing. 15-1299	0.03000.4	0.02000.2
Communicate project information through presentations, technical reports, or white papers. 15-1299	0.03000.4	0.01000.1
Consult with end users regarding problems in accessing electronic content. 15-1299	0.03000.4	0.01000.1
Perform security analyses of developed or packaged software components. 15-1299	0.02000.3	0.42003.3
Analyze, interpret, or disseminate system performance data. 15-1299	0.02000.3	0.21001.7
Check and analyze operating system or application log files regularly to verify proper system performance. 15-1299	0.02000.3	0.14001.1
Gather, analyze, or document user feedback to locate or resolve sources of problems. 15-1299	0.02000.3	0.10000.8
Write technical summaries to report findings. 15-1299	0.02000.3	0.06000.5
Prepare project status reports by collecting, analyzing, and summarizing information and trends. 15-1299	0.02000.3	0.03000.2
Configure servers to meet functional specifications. 15-1299	0.02000.3	0.02000.2
Develop or implement software tools to assist in the detection, prevention, and analysis of security threats. 15-1299	0.02000.3	0.02000.2
Develop or approve project plans, schedules, or budgets. 15-1299	0.02000.3	0.01000.1
Develop or implement procedures for ongoing Web site revision. 15-1299	0.02000.3	0.01000.1
Initiate, review, or approve modifications to project plans. 15-1299	0.02000.3	0.01000.1
Develop, document, or maintain standards, best practices, or system usage procedures. 15-1299	0.02000.3	0.01000.1
Design and implement dashboard and data visualizations to meet customer reporting needs. 15-1299	0.02000.3	0.01000.1
Provide advice on project costs, design concepts, or design changes. 15-1299	0.02000.3	0.00000.0
Develop or document style guidelines for Web site content. 15-1299	0.02000.3	0.00000.0
Conduct predictive or reactive analyses on security measures to support cyber security initiatives. 15-1299	0.01000.1	0.10000.8
Identify security system weaknesses, using penetration tests. 15-1299	0.01000.1	0.08000.6
Conduct network and security system audits, using established criteria. 15-1299	0.01000.1	0.04000.3
Identify or implement solutions to information security problems. 15-1299	0.01000.1	0.03000.2
Evaluate current or emerging technologies to consider factors such as cost, portability, compatibility, or usability. 15-1299	0.01000.1	0.02000.2
Perform ongoing hardware and software maintenance operations, including installing or upgrading hardware or software. 15-1299	0.01000.1	0.02000.2
Develop or install software, such as firewalls and data encryption programs, to protect sensitive information. 15-1299	0.01000.1	0.02000.2
Determine sources of Web page or server problems, and take action to correct such problems. 15-1299	0.01000.1	0.01000.1
Develop and manage work breakdown structure (WBS) of information technology projects. 15-1299	0.01000.1	0.01000.1
Document penetration test findings. 15-1299	0.01000.1	0.01000.1
Recommend information security enhancements to management. 15-1299	0.01000.1	0.01000.1
Troubleshoot security and network problems. 15-1299	0.01000.1	0.01000.1
Perform computer programming, data analysis, or software development for Geographic Information Systems (GIS) applications, including the maintenance of existing systems or research and development for future enhancements. 15-1299	0.01000.1	0.00000.0
Perform risk assessments to develop response strategies. 15-1299	0.00000.0	0.03000.2
Identify and classify documents or other electronic content according to characteristics such as security level, function, and metadata. 15-1299	0.00000.0	0.03000.2
Gather cyber intelligence to identify vulnerabilities. 15-1299	0.00000.0	0.02000.2
Research, test, or verify proper functioning of software patches and fixes. 15-1299	0.00000.0	0.01000.1
Monitor systems for intrusions or denial of service attacks, and report security breaches to appropriate personnel. 15-1299	0.00000.0	0.01000.1
Track, compile, and analyze Web site usage data. 15-1299	0.00000.0	0.01000.1
Test issues such as system integration, performance, and system security on a regular schedule or after any major program modifications. 15-1299	0.00000.0	0.01000.1
Conduct investigations of information security breaches to identify vulnerabilities and evaluate the damage. 15-1299	0.00000.0	0.01000.1
Review security assessments for computing environments or check for compliance with cybersecurity standards and regulations. 15-1299	0.00000.0	0.01000.1
Write audit reports to communicate technical and procedural findings and recommend solutions.	—0	0.03000.2
Assess current or future customer needs and priorities by communicating directly with customers, conducting surveys, or other methods.	—0	0.01000.1
Test the security of systems by attempting to gain access to networks, Web-based applications, or computers.	—0	0.01000.1
Assess the quality of security controls, using performance indicators.	—0	0.01000.1
Show 53 more tasks ▾Show less ▴

Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.

Task	βE1 + 0.5 × E2
Document design specifications, installation instructions, and other system-related information. O*NET Task ID 14668	1.0
Verify stability, interoperability, portability, security, or scalability of system architecture. O*NET Task ID 14669	1.0
Collaborate with engineers or software developers to select appropriate design solutions or ensure the compatibility of system components. O*NET Task ID 14670	1.0
Provide technical guidance or support for the development or troubleshooting of systems. O*NET Task ID 14672	1.0
Provide customers or installation teams guidelines for implementing secure systems. O*NET Task ID 14674	1.0
Investigate system component suitability for specified purposes, and make recommendations regarding component use. O*NET Task ID 14677	1.0
Perform ongoing hardware and software maintenance operations, including installing or upgrading hardware or software. O*NET Task ID 14678	1.0
Configure servers to meet functional specifications. O*NET Task ID 14679	1.0
Develop system engineering, software engineering, system integration, or distributed system architectures. O*NET Task ID 14682	1.0
Design and conduct hardware or software tests. O*NET Task ID 14683	1.0
Establish functional or system standards to address operational requirements, quality requirements, and design constraints. O*NET Task ID 14684	1.0
Research, test, or verify proper functioning of software patches and fixes. O*NET Task ID 14686	1.0
Communicate project information through presentations, technical reports, or white papers. O*NET Task ID 14687	1.0
Develop application-specific software. O*NET Task ID 14692	1.0
Develop efficient and effective system controllers. O*NET Task ID 14693	1.0
Communicate with staff or clients to understand specific system requirements. O*NET Task ID 14666	0.5
Provide advice on project costs, design concepts, or design changes. O*NET Task ID 14667	0.5
Evaluate current or emerging technologies to consider factors such as cost, portability, compatibility, or usability. O*NET Task ID 14671	0.5
Identify system data, hardware, or software components required to meet user needs. O*NET Task ID 14673	0.5
Monitor system operation to detect potential problems. O*NET Task ID 14675	0.5
Direct the analysis, development, and operation of complete computer systems. O*NET Task ID 14676	0.5
Develop or approve project plans, schedules, or budgets. O*NET Task ID 14680	0.5
Define and analyze objectives, scope, issues, or organizational impact of information systems. O*NET Task ID 14681	0.5
Evaluate existing systems to determine effectiveness, and suggest changes to meet organizational requirements. O*NET Task ID 14685	0.5
Complete models and simulations, using manual or automated tools, to analyze or predict system performance under different operating conditions. O*NET Task ID 14688	0.5
Direct the installation of operating systems, network or application software, or computer or network hardware. O*NET Task ID 14689	0.5
Train system users in system operation or maintenance. O*NET Task ID 14690	0.5
Perform security analyses of developed or packaged software components. O*NET Task ID 14691	0.5
Show 18 more tasks ▾Show less ▴

β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.

Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page

Occupation information

ILO

ESCO occupational vocabulary

ICT security administratorESCO 2529.5
ICT security administrators plan and carry out security measures to protect information and data from unauthorised access, deliberate attack, theft and corruption.
digital forensics expertESCO 2529.2
Digital forensics experts retrieve and analyse information from computers and other types of data storage devices. They examine digital media that may have been hidden, encrypted or damaged, in a forensic manner with the aim to identify, preserve, recover, analyse and present facts and opinions about the digital information.
ICT security consultantESCO 2529.6
ICT security consultants advise and implement solutions to control access to data and programs. They promote a safe exchange of information.
chief ICT security officerESCO 2529.1
Chief ICT security officers protect company and employee information against unauthorized access. They also define the Information System security policy, manage security deployment across all Information Systems and ensure the provision of information availability.
ethical hackerESCO 2529.3
Ethical hackers perform security vulnerability assessments and penetration tests in accordance with industry-accepted methods and protocols. They analyse systems for potential vulnerabilities that may result from improper system configuration, hardware or software flaws, or operational weaknesses.
ICT security managerESCO 2529.7
ICT security managers propose and implement necessary security updates. They advise, support, inform and provide training and security awareness and take direct action on all or part of a network or system.
knowledge engineerESCO 2529.8
Knowledge engineers integrate structured knowledge into computer systems (knowledge bases) in order to solve complex problems normally requiring a high level of human expertise or artificial intelligence methods. They are also responsible for eliciting or extracting knowledge from information sources, maintaining this knowledge, and making it available to the organisation or users. To achieve this, they are aware of knowledge representation and maintenance techniques (rules, frames, semantic nets, ontologies) and use knowledge extraction techniques and tools. They can design and build expert or artificial intelligence systems that use this knowledge.
ICT resilience managerESCO 2529.4
ICT resilience managers research, plan and develop models, policies, methods, techniques and tools that enhance an organisation's cyber security, resilience and disaster recovery.

Source: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)

License: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)

View original

ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.

KEIS2025

Shown in the original Korean. This dataset is published under KOGL Type 4, which prohibits derivative works including translation, so the text is reproduced unaltered.

정보 보안 전문가KNOW K000000832
Job outlook: 증가(43%) 현상유지(17%) 감소(40%)
Wages (10,000 KRW): lower(25%) 4.788K average(50%) 6.0K upper(25%) 8.373K
minacross 461 KNOW occupationsmax
Job satisfaction: 70.4
minacross 461 KNOW occupationsmax
Details
Duties
- -조직의 정보보호 정책, 표준, 기본방침, 절차, 모니터링 방법 등을 분석하여 정보보호 관련 환경수준을 평가한다.
- -네트워크의 위험하고 취약한 요소를 파악하여 대비책을 마련한다.
- -인트라넷, 엑스트라넷, 업무 관련 솔루션 및 제휴업체를 연결하는 정보보호 아키텍쳐를 구현한다.
- -조직의 정보보호 수준을 최상으로 유지하기 위해 정기적으로 정보보호 수준을 평가하고, 새롭게 대두되는 정보보호 방식을 채택한다.
- -인터넷망을 통한 외부로부터의 불법적인 침입을 차단하기 위해 방화벽을 구축한다.
- -외부로부터의 불법적인 침입을 탐지하기 위한 시스템을 개발한다.
- -컴퓨터 시스템에 대한 접근 권한을 부여한다.
- -컴퓨터 바이러스 백신 프로그램을 개발·보급한다.
- -컴퓨터 바이러스에 감염된 데이터를 복구한다.
- -정보보호 관련 소프트웨어 제품을 기획한다.
- -정보보호 업무 전반에 대하여 최고 경영자 및 업무관리자에게 보고하고, 이들을 대상으로 교육한다.
- -정보보호제도 입안 과정에 참여하여 기술 규격 및 표준화 제정에 협력한다.
See details on KNOW (Korea Employment Information Service) (external site)
Work abilities
기술 분석(99) · 전산(99) · 문제 해결(97) · 논리적 분석(95) · 모니터링(Monitoring)(94)
Knowledge
컴퓨터와 전자공학(95) · 통신(95) · 법(82) · 영어(81) · 공학과 기술(79)
Work environment
앉아서 근무(89) · 이메일 이용하기(89) · 다른 사람과의 상호작용(87) · 다른 사람들을 조율하거나 이끌기(84) · 재택근무(84)
Related occupations
네트워크시스템개발자(네트워크엔지니어)
네트워크시스템개발자(네트워크엔지니어)KNOW K000000968
Job outlook: 증가(22%) 현상유지(32%) 감소(45%)
Wages (10,000 KRW): lower(25%) 4.1K average(50%) 6.0K upper(25%) 9.0K
minacross 461 KNOW occupationsmax
Job satisfaction: 70
minacross 461 KNOW occupationsmax
Details
Duties
- -전체적인 네트워크시스템의 구조를 분석하고 평가하여 문제점과 개선책을 도출한다.
- -사용자의 요구사항에 부합되는 기본적인 네트워크 시스템의 구조를 기능성, 안정성, 확장성, 변경가능성, 관리 용이성에 입각하여 설계한다.
- -구성요소에 대한 세부적 사양을 설정한다
- -네트워크 관련 시스템에 대한 조사·분석과 벤치마킹의 과정을 통해 활용 가능성을 평가한다.
- -평가 검증된 네트워크 시스템을 기초로 세부적으로 시스템을 설계한다.
- -시스템 구축 전에 네트워크 장비들에 대한 설치 위치, 환경, 케이블 등의 구비 요건을 확인·점검한다.
- -시스템이 도입되면 단위 시스템에 대한 인터페이스와 설치 과정을 통해 시스템의 기능과 성능을 평가한다. -
- -단위 시스템의 평가가 완료되면 전체적으로 네트워크 시스템과 컴퓨터 시스템들을 통합 연동하여 종합적으로 평가하고 분석한다.
- -통합 구축된 네트워크 시스템의 시험 평가가 완료되면, 실제 운영에 대비한 네트워크 시스템의 운영 관리체계를 정립한다.
- -구축 완료된 네트워크 시스템에 대해서 일정 기간 실제 운영한 데이터를 분석·평가하여 시스템의 조정과정을 거쳐 기능과 성능을 향상시킨다.
- -네트워크의 고장이 발생하였을 경우 네트워크 관리자와 함께 원인을 파악하고, 복구를 위한 대책을 강구한다.
- -네트워크 시스템에 관한 보안 정책을 수립하고, 네트워크를 통한 해킹을 방지하기 위한 기술적 보안과 관리적 보안을 설계한다.
- -네트워크의 기술 동향 및 추세를 지속적으로 조사·분석하여 정보기술의 변화에 대비한다.
See details on KNOW (Korea Employment Information Service) (external site)
Work abilities
전산(97) · 기술 설계(97) · 장비의 유지(97) · 고장의 발견.수리(96) · 작동 점검(95)
Knowledge
통신(97) · 컴퓨터와 전자공학(90) · 영어(81) · 공학과 기술(81) · 고객서비스(66)
Work environment
이메일 이용하기(88) · 공문, 문서 주고받기(84) · 반복적인 신체행동, 정신적 활동(84) · 다른 사람들을 조율하거나 이끌기(84) · 전화 대화하기(83)
Related occupations
정보 보안 전문가

The KNOW occupations and KECO codes listed here were linked to this page's occupation by this site; this is not a correspondence defined by the Korea Employment Information Service or the Ministry of Employment and Labor.

Recent Changes Related to This Occupation

Jul 2026: ADP/Stanford linked postings-payroll study of ~7,000 IT workers (2019-2025) prices tasks separately within IT jobs. Advising others on the design or use of technologies is among 8 higher-wage activities; five tasks lost compensation value in 2023-2025 vs 2019-2022, including "develop models of systems, processes, or products." Effect sizes were not published.

[Source: ADP Research / Stanford Digital Economy Lab, Unbundling Jobs (July 2026)]

Mar 2026: EIG (Mar 2026) argues the weakness in young adults' labor market is about age, not education: young workers of all education levels lag the rest of the labor market, which does not fit the media narrative of AI displacing computer science majors and entry-level graduates.

[Source: EIG: AI and Young-Adult Jobs (March 2026)]

Mar 2026: Brookings (Mar 2026) says research on AI and the labor market is still in its first inning, and studies disagree: ADP payroll data show employment fell more for young workers in high-AI-exposure occupations, while CPS data show unemployment rose less for workers in more exposed occupations.

[Source: Brookings Institution]

These summaries were written by AI Changing Work from the source linked with each one, and any figures in them are given as AI Changing Work summarised them; they can differ from the source's own wording and from figures shown elsewhere on this page, so check the source before relying on them. AI Changing Work matched this page's occupation to an O*NET occupation and chose, by its own judgment, case by case, which summaries relate to that O*NET occupation; a summary appearing here does not mean that its source names this occupation.

AI exposure

Task-level exposure

Occupation information

ILO occupational description

ESCO occupational vocabulary

Recent Changes Related to This Occupation