Emergency Room Physicians

Healthcare

AI exposure

Data source: BLSPublished: 2026-08
High· relative
LowFour relative bandsVery high
Group-level value
Scale, basis and source
Four relative bands (Low / Moderate / High / Very high)
831 detailed occupations in the BLS Employment Projections table. Assigned per National Employment Matrix (NEM) code, so occupations sharing a NEM code carry the same band
Source dataset (XLSX download)
Data source: ILOPublished: 2025
0.27
0.09Range of values carried here0.70
Group-level value
Scale, basis and source
Generative AI exposure index, 0–1 as published
ISCO-08 unit group — every occupation sharing the code gets this value
Computed by this site, not published by the ILO: of the 1,012 occupations this site links to the ILO dataset, 74% score at or above this value.
Source dataset
Data source: OpenAIPublished: 2023
0.353
0.000Range of values carried here0.844
Scale, basis and source
Human-rater β, 0–1 as published
Mapped onto O*NET tasks
Source dataset

What kind of figure this source publishes

The BLS category is a relative rank, not an absolute level, and it is not a first-hand measurement: it groups an occupation's percentile ranks across several published studies into four bands. It is not an employment or wage forecast, not a probability of adoption, and it does not separate automation from augmentation.

Task-level exposure

Show 198 hidden tasks

Task	Claude.aiRaw / share %	APIRaw / share %
Educate patients about diagnoses, prognoses, or treatments. 29-1069	0.066129.6	0.00607.4
Develop individualized treatment plans for patients, considering patient preferences, clinical data, or the risks and benefits of therapies. 29-1069	0.01978.8	0.00496.0
Educate patients about maintenance and promotion of healthy vision. 29-1069	0.01506.7	—0
Prepare comprehensive interpretive reports of findings. 29-1069	0.01285.7	0.011213.8
Interpret diagnostic test results to make appropriate differential diagnoses. 29-1069	0.01135.1	0.00222.7
Interpret imaging data and confer with other medical specialists to formulate diagnoses. 29-1069	0.00773.4	0.00394.8
Communicate examination results or diagnostic information to referring physicians, patients, or families. 29-1069	0.00743.3	—0
Provide information about potential health hazards and possible interventions to the media, the public, other health care professionals, or local, state, and federal health authorities. 29-1069	0.00642.9	—0
Develop and prescribe exercise programs such as off-season conditioning regimens. 29-1069	0.00632.8	0.00162.0
Conduct research and present scientific findings. 29-1069	0.00602.7	0.00465.7
Perform or interpret the outcomes of diagnostic imaging procedures including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computer tomography (CT), positron emission tomography (PET), nuclear cardiology treadmill studies, mammography, or ultrasound. 29-1069	0.00592.6	0.00182.2
Document or review comprehensive patients' histories with an emphasis on occupation or environmental risks. 29-1069	0.00572.6	—0
Present research findings at national meetings or in peer-reviewed journals. 29-1069	0.00562.5	0.00182.2
Consult with patients following radiation treatments to provide information and assess outcomes or to recommend further consultation or treatments as appropriate. 29-1069	0.00512.3	—0
Diagnose diseases or study medical conditions using techniques such as gross pathology, histology, cytology, cytopathology, clinical chemistry, immunology, flow cytometry, and molecular biology. 29-1069	0.00411.8	0.008310.2
Refer patients to medical specialists, social services or other professionals as appropriate. 29-1069	0.00391.7	—0
Develop treatment plans based on patients' histories and goals, the nature and severity of disorders, and treatment risks and benefits. 29-1069	0.00251.1	—0
Recommend diagnostic tests based on patients' histories and physical examination findings. 29-1069	0.00241.1	—0
Interpret the results of neuroimaging studies such as Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT), and Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scans. 29-1069	0.00231.0	—0
Inform patients or families of neurological diagnoses and prognoses, or benefits, risks and costs of various treatment plans. 29-1069	0.00231.0	—0
Provide ophthalmic consultation to other medical professionals. 29-1069	0.00221.0	—0
Examine microscopic samples to identify diseases or other abnormalities. 29-1069	0.00210.9	0.00293.6
Diagnose or treat injuries, disorders, or diseases of the eye and eye structures including the cornea, sclera, conjunctiva, or eyelids. 29-1069	0.00210.9	—0
Serve as an offsite teleradiologist for facilities that do not have on-site radiologists. 29-1069	0.00190.9	—0
Provide counseling to radiologic patients to explain the processes, risks, benefits, or alternative treatments. 29-1069	0.00190.9	—0
Provide education and counseling on illness and injury prevention. 29-1069	0.00190.9	—0
Educate physicians, students, and other personnel in medical laboratory professions such as medical technology, cytotechnology, and histotechnology. 29-1069	0.00170.8	—0
Analyze and interpret results from tests such as microbial or parasite tests, urine analyses, hormonal assays, fine needle aspirations (FNAs), and polymerase chain reactions (PCRs). 29-1069	0.00160.7	0.00506.2
Review or transmit images and information using picture archiving or communications systems. 29-1069	0.00160.7	0.00263.2
Develop or monitor procedures to ensure adequate quality control of images. 29-1069	0.00160.7	0.00202.5
Develop treatment plans based on diagnoses and on evaluation of factors such as age and general health, or procedural risks and costs. 29-1069	0.00160.7	—0
Instruct radiologic staff in desired techniques, positions, or projections. 29-1069	0.00160.7	—0
Diagnose or treat disorders of the musculoskeletal system. 29-1069	0.00160.7	—0
Develop comprehensive plans for immediate and long-term rehabilitation including therapeutic exercise; speech and occupational therapy; counseling; cognitive retraining; patient, family or caregiver education; or community reintegration. 29-1069	0.00150.7	—0
Document the performance, interpretation, or outcomes of all procedures performed.	—0	0.020024.6
Interview patients to obtain information such as complaints, symptoms, medical histories, and family histories.	—0	0.00253.1
Show 26 more tasks ▾Show less ▴

Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.

Task	βE1 + 0.5 × E2
Collect and record patient information, such as medical history or examination results, in electronic or handwritten medical records. O*NET Task ID 22717	1.0
Analyze records, examination information, or test results to diagnose medical conditions. O*NET Task ID 22715	0.5
Assess patients' pain levels or sedation requirements. O*NET Task ID 22716	0.5
Communicate likely outcomes of medical diseases or traumatic conditions to patients or their representatives. O*NET Task ID 22718	0.5
Conduct primary patient assessments that include information from prior medical care. O*NET Task ID 22719	0.5
Consult with hospitalists and other professionals, such as social workers, regarding patients' hospital admission, continued observation, transition of care, or discharge. O*NET Task ID 22720	0.5
Direct and coordinate activities of nurses, assistants, specialists, residents, and other medical staff. O*NET Task ID 22721	0.5
Discuss patients' treatment plans with physicians and other medical professionals. O*NET Task ID 22722	0.5
Evaluate patients' vital signs or laboratory data to determine emergency intervention needs and priority of treatment. O*NET Task ID 22723	0.5
Identify factors that may affect patient management, such as age, gender, barriers to communication, and underlying disease. O*NET Task ID 22724	0.5
Monitor patients' conditions, and reevaluate treatments, as necessary. O*NET Task ID 22725	0.5
Refer patients to specialists or other practitioners. O*NET Task ID 22728	0.5
Select and prescribe medications to address patient needs. O*NET Task ID 22729	0.5
Select, request, perform, or interpret diagnostic procedures, such as laboratory tests, electrocardiograms, emergency ultrasounds, and radiographs. O*NET Task ID 22730	0.5
Show 4 more tasks ▾Show less ▴

β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.

Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page

Occupation information

ILO

ILO occupational description

Specialist Medical Practitioners

Specialist medical practitioners (medical doctors) diagnose, treat and prevent illness, disease, injury, and other physical and mental impairments in humans, using specialized testing, diagnostic, medical, surgical, physical and psychiatric techniques, through application of the principles and procedures of modern medicine. They specialize in certain disease categories, types of patient or methods of treatment and may conduct medical education and research in their chosen areas of specialization.

Tasks

(a) conducting physical examinations of patients and interviewing them and their families to determine their health status;
(b) considering medical information provided by a referring doctor or other health care provider;
(c) ordering specialized diagnostic tests to determine the nature of disorders or illnesses;
(d) prescribing, administering and monitoring patients' responses to treatments, medications, anaesthetics, psychotherapies, physical rehabilitation programmes and other preventive and curative measures;
(e) performing surgery of a general or specialized nature;
(f) managing complications before, during and after childbirth;
(g) recording patients' medical information and exchanging information with other health professionals to ensure the provision of comprehensive care;
(h) reporting births, deaths and notifiable diseases to government authorities to meet legal and professional requirements;
(i) providing information to patients and families and communities about preventive measures, treatment and care for specific ailments;
(j) performing autopsies to determine cause of death;
(k) conducting research into specific human disorders and illnesses and preventive or curative methods and disseminating the findings such as through scientific reports;
(l) planning and participating in programmes designed to prevent the occurrence and spread of specific diseases.

Example occupations

Anaesthetist · Cardiologist · Emergency medicine specialist · Gynaecologist · Obstetrician · Ophthalmologist · Paediatrician · Pathologist · Preventive medicine specialist · Psychiatrist · Radiation oncologist · Radiologist · Resident medical officer in specialist training · Specialist medical practitioner (public health) · Specialist physician (internal medicine) · Specialist physician (nuclear medicine) · Surgeon

Indirect mapping — this occupation is linked to the ISCO unit group by a rule-based fallback.

ISCO-08 2212

Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits

KEIS2025

Shown in the original Korean. This dataset is published under KOGL Type 4, which prohibits derivative works including translation, so the text is reproduced unaltered.

전문의사KNOW K000001133
Job outlook: 증가(19%) 현상유지(26%) 감소(53%)
Wages (10,000 KRW): lower(25%) 11.7K average(50%) 19.0K upper(25%) 20.0K
minacross 461 KNOW occupationsmax
Job satisfaction: 75.4
minacross 461 KNOW occupationsmax
Details
Duties
- -소화나 호흡, 신장 등 인체 내부기관에 질병이 발생하거나 선·후천적 이상증상이 있는 환자를 진단한다.
- -환자의 질병, 장애에 대한 처방, 치료의 범위 및 방법을 결정하기 위하여 의료검사, 시험 및 진단을 통하여 얻은 자료를 분석하고 치료의 종류와 순서를 결정한다.
- -진단 및 치료를 위하여 내/외과적 기구 및 장비를 사용하고 처방된 치료와 건강상의 유의점을 환자에게 알려준다.
- -투약을 비롯한 각종 치료행위를 처방, 지시하고 환자들에게 식사, 질병예방 등에 관해 조언하며, 예방접종을 실시한다.
- -의학실험을 수행하고, 외과수술을 집도하며, 특수기술 및 장비를 이용하여 환자를 치료한다.
- -경우에 따라서는 환자를 위해 왕진을 하기도 한다.
See details on KNOW (Korea Employment Information Service) (external site)
Work abilities
기억력(100) · 판단과 의사결정(99) · 선택적 집중력(98) · 듣고 이해하기(97) · 가르치기(97)
Knowledge
의료(99) · 생물(96) · 심리(85) · 상담(85) · 영어(85)
Work environment
질병 혹은 감염 위험 노출(100) · 실수의 심각성(97) · 의사결정 가능성(95) · 건강 및 안전에 대한 책임(94) · 주말 및 공휴일 근무(94)
Related occupations
치과의사 · 일반의사 · 한의사
치과의사KNOW K000007472
Job outlook: 증가(13%) 현상유지(30%) 감소(57%)
Wages (10,000 KRW): lower(25%) 8.375K average(50%) 12.0K upper(25%) 18.0K
minacross 461 KNOW occupationsmax
Job satisfaction: 76.5
minacross 461 KNOW occupationsmax
Details
Duties
- -치과전문의사는 구강악 안면외과, 치과보철과, 소아치과, 구강 병리과, 예방치과, 치과교정과, 치과보존과, 구강내과, 구강악 안면방사선과, 치주과 등 10개 과목으로 전문화하여 진단·치료하는 업무를 수행한다.
- -일반치과의사는 치아의 건강을 돌보고 치아 질환을 치료하는 일을 수행한다.
- -치아와 잇몸, 구강조직의 질병이나 상해 및 기능 이상을 진단하고 치료한다.
- -구강질환을 정밀하게 진단하기 위해서, X-ray 및 기타 의료기기를 이용한 병리검사를 지시한다.
- -회전공구, 수공구 등 치과기구를 사용하여 외과적 수술 및 약물치료를 한다.
- -치아를 청소하고, 홈을 때우며, 이를 뽑거나 심으며 의치로 대체하는 일도 수행한다.
See details on KNOW (Korea Employment Information Service) (external site)
Work abilities
움직임 통제(100) · 정교한 동작(99) · 재정 관리(98) · 인적자원 관리(98) · 선택적 집중력(98)
Knowledge
의료(99) · 상담(85) · 인사(84) · 생물(81) · 경제와 회계(81)
Work environment
질병 혹은 감염 위험 노출(100) · 실수의 심각성(99) · 다른 사람과 신체적 접촉(99) · 사물, 도구, 조종 장치를 다루기 위해 손사용(97) · 의사결정 가능성(96)
Related occupations
전문의사 · 일반의사 · 한의사
일반의사KNOW K000007504
Job outlook: 증가(20%) 현상유지(37%) 감소(43%)
Wages (10,000 KRW): lower(25%) 7.675K average(50%) 10.0K upper(25%) 14.25K
minacross 461 KNOW occupationsmax
Job satisfaction: 75
minacross 461 KNOW occupationsmax
Details
Duties
- -청진기, 맥박기록기 등 간단한 의료기구를 사용하여 환자를 진찰한다.
- -환자의 증상에 따른 다양한 검사와 진단을 통해 치료방법 및 치료순서를 결정한다.
- -환자의 진단을 위하여 방사선사, 임상병리사 등의 의료기사에게 X-ray 촬영, 임상검사 등을 지시한다.
- -검사결과를 분석하여 환자의 상태를 진단하고 치료법을 설명하거나 약물을 처방한다.
- -전염병예방접종을 실시한다.
- -환자에게 식사, 위생, 질병예방 등에 관하여 조언한다.
- -병원이나 진료소에 직접 나올수 없는 환자를 위하여 왕진을 한다.
- -특정기관이나 복지시설, 학교 등에 고용되기도 한다.
See details on KNOW (Korea Employment Information Service) (external site)
Work abilities
기억력(99) · 정교한 동작(94) · 시력(93) · 사람 파악(93) · 듣고 이해하기(92)
Knowledge
의료(99) · 생물(87) · 상담(85) · 철학과 신학(78) · 심리(77)
Work environment
질병 혹은 감염 위험 노출(100) · 건강 및 안전에 대한 책임(97) · 의사결정 권한(89) · 이미지/평판/재정에 미치는 영향력(83) · 사람들과 직접 접촉(77)
Related occupations
전문의사 · 치과의사 · 한의사
한의사KNOW K000007542
Job outlook: 증가(3%) 현상유지(43%) 감소(53%)
Wages (10,000 KRW): lower(25%) 8.0K average(50%) 8.5K upper(25%) 10.25K
minacross 461 KNOW occupationsmax
Job satisfaction: 80.1
minacross 461 KNOW occupationsmax
Details
Duties
- -환자의 상태를 망진(외관), 문진(대화), 문진(청각), 절진(진맥)를 통해서 진단한다.
- -질병의 종류와 성격을 고려하여 침, 뜸, 부항, 탕약, 수기요법 등의 치료법을 사용하여 치료한다.
- -환자에게 양생(스트레스조절)과 섭생(영양공급)에 대한 조언한다.
- -환자에게 한약재를 처방해준다.
- -환자의 척추나 경혈부위 등을 손이나 기계를 이용하여 치료하거나 추나기법, 민간요법 및 식이요법 등의 치료방법을 사용한다.
- -냉온팩을 이용한 찜질 및 다양한 기계를 사용한 물리치료를 지시한다.
See details on KNOW (Korea Employment Information Service) (external site)
Work abilities
사람 파악(97) · 정교한 동작(96) · 듣고 이해하기(96) · 서비스 지향(96) · 기억력(95)
Knowledge
의료(99) · 상담(93) · 생물(89) · 심리(89) · 인사(85)
Work environment
이미지/평판/재정에 미치는 영향력(100) · 의사결정 가능성(100) · 의사결정 권한(99) · 질병 혹은 감염 위험 노출(99) · 건강 및 안전에 대한 책임(99)
Related occupations
전문의사 · 치과의사 · 일반의사

The KNOW occupations and KECO codes listed here were linked to this page's occupation by this site; this is not a correspondence defined by the Korea Employment Information Service or the Ministry of Employment and Labor.

AI exposure

Task-level exposure

Occupation information

ILO occupational description

ESCO occupational vocabulary