Freight Forwarders
Transportation & Material MovingAI exposure
- Data source: BLSPublished: 2026-08
Very high· relative
LowFour relative bandsVery highGroup-level value
Scale, basis and source
Four relative bands (Low / Moderate / High / Very high)
831 detailed occupations in the BLS Employment Projections table. Assigned per National Employment Matrix (NEM) code, so occupations sharing a NEM code carry the same band
- Data source: AnthropicPublished: 2026-03
0.017
0.000Range of values carried here0.745Scale, basis and source
- Data source: ILOPublished: 2025
0.44
0.09Range of values carried here0.70Group-level value
Scale, basis and source
Generative AI exposure index, 0–1 as published
ISCO-08 unit group — every occupation sharing the code gets this value
Computed by this site, not published by the ILO: of the 1,012 occupations this site links to the ILO dataset, 28% score at or above this value.
What kind of figure this source publishes
The BLS category is a relative rank, not an absolute level, and it is not a first-hand measurement: it groups an occupation's percentile ranks across several published studies into four bands. It is not an employment or wage forecast, not a probability of adoption, and it does not separate automation from augmentation.
Task-level exposure
Exposed tasks only| Task | Claude.aiRaw / share % | APIRaw / share % |
|---|---|---|
Verify adherence of documentation to customs, insurance, or regulatory requirements.43-5011 | 0.00000.0 | 0.0200100.0 |
Advise clients on transportation and payment methods.43-5011 | 0.00000.0 | —0 |
Prepare shipping documentation, such as bills of lading, packing lists, dock receipts, or certificates of origin.43-5011 | 0.00000.0 | —0 |
Inform clients of factors such as shipping options, timelines, transfers, or regulations affecting shipments.43-5011 | 0.00000.0 | —0 |
Recommend or arrange appropriate merchandise packing methods, according to climate, terrain, weight, nature of goods, or costs.43-5011 | 0.00000.0 | —0 |
Track delivery progress of shipments.43-5011 | 0.00000.0 | —0 |
Enter shipping information into a computer by hand or by a hand-held scanner that reads bar codes on goods. | —0 | 0.00000.0 |
Notify consignees, passengers, or customers of freight or baggage arrival and arrange for delivery. | —0 | 0.00000.0 |
| Not observed on any surface — 47 task(s) — These tasks have no row in the source for this release. The 0 in the share row is a display-stage composition ratio; absence is what the — in the raw row states. | ||
Negotiate and arrange transport of goods with shipping or freight companies. | —0 | —0 |
Determine method of shipment and prepare bills of lading, invoices, and other shipping documents. | —0 | —0 |
Estimate freight or postal rates and record shipment costs and weights. | —0 | —0 |
Retrieve stored items and trace lost shipments as necessary. | —0 | —0 |
Keep records of all goods shipped, received, and stored. | —0 | —0 |
Pack goods for shipping, using tools such as staplers, strapping machines, and hammers. | —0 | —0 |
Direct delivery trucks to shipping doors or designated marshaling areas and help load and unload goods safely. | —0 | —0 |
Inspect and count items received and check them against invoices or other documents, recording shortages and rejecting damaged goods. | —0 | —0 |
Install straps, braces, and padding to loads to prevent shifting or damage during shipment. | —0 | —0 |
Coordinate and supervise activities of workers engaged in packing and shipping merchandise. | —0 | —0 |
Arrange insurance coverage for goods. | —0 | —0 |
Direct or participate in cargo loading to ensure completeness of load and even distribution of weight. | —0 | —0 |
Open cargo containers and unwrap contents, using steel cutters, crowbars, or other hand tools. | —0 | —0 |
Attach address labels, identification codes, and shipping instructions to containers. | —0 | —0 |
Route received goods to first available flight or to appropriate storage areas or departments, using forklifts, hand trucks, or other equipment. | —0 | —0 |
Maintain a supply of packing materials. | —0 | —0 |
Assemble containers and crates used to transport items, such as machines or vehicles. | —0 | —0 |
Check import or export documentation to determine cargo contents and use tariff coding system to classify goods according to fee or tariff group. | —0 | —0 |
Prepare manifests showing numbers of airplane passengers and baggage, mail, and freight weights, transmitting data to destinations. | —0 | —0 |
Contact vendors or claims adjustment departments to resolve shipment problems or contact service depots to arrange for repairs. | —0 | —0 |
Select shipment routes, based on nature of goods shipped, transit times, or security needs. | —0 | —0 |
Determine efficient and cost-effective methods of moving goods from one location to another. | —0 | —0 |
Reserve necessary space on ships, aircraft, trains, or trucks. | —0 | —0 |
Arrange delivery or storage of goods at destinations. | —0 | —0 |
Arrange for special transport of sensitive cargoes, such as livestock, food, or medical supplies. | —0 | —0 |
Calculate weight, volume, or cost of goods to be moved. | —0 | —0 |
Consolidate loads with a common destination to reduce costs to individual shippers. | —0 | —0 |
Keep records of goods dispatched or received. | —0 | —0 |
Maintain current knowledge of relevant legislation, political situations, or other factors that could affect freight shipping. | —0 | —0 |
Monitor or record locations of goods in transit. | —0 | —0 |
Negotiate shipping rates with freight carriers. | —0 | —0 |
Obtain or arrange cargo insurance. | —0 | —0 |
Pay or arrange for payment of freight or insurance fees or other charges. | —0 | —0 |
Prepare invoices or cost quotations for freight transportation. | —0 | —0 |
Verify proper packaging and labeling of exported goods. | —0 | —0 |
Arrange for applicable duties, taxes, or paperwork for customs clearance. | —0 | —0 |
Complete customs paperwork. | —0 | —0 |
Provide detailed port information to importers or exporters. | —0 | —0 |
Provide shipment status notification to exporters, consignees, or insurers. | —0 | —0 |
Arrange for transport, using a variety of modes, such as rail, short sea shipping, air, or roadways, to minimize carbon emissions or other environmental impacts. | —0 | —0 |
Assist clients in obtaining insurance reimbursements. | —0 | —0 |
Make arrangements with customs brokers to facilitate the passage of goods through customs. | —0 | —0 |
Refer exporters to experts in areas such as trade financing, international marketing, government export requirements, international banking, or marine insurance. | —0 | —0 |
Analyze shipping routes to determine how to minimize environmental impact. | —0 | —0 |
Consider environmental sustainability factors when determining merchandise packing methods. | —0 | —0 |
Recommend shipping solutions to minimize cost or environmental impacts. | —0 | —0 |
Review the environmental records of freight carriers to inform shipping decisions. | —0 | —0 |
Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.
| Task | βE1 + 0.5 × E2 |
|---|---|
Calculate weight, volume, or cost of goods to be moved.O*NET Task ID 17686 | 1.0 |
Prepare shipping documentation, such as bills of lading, packing lists, dock receipts, or certificates of origin.O*NET Task ID 17687 | 1.0 |
Keep records of goods dispatched or received.O*NET Task ID 17690 | 1.0 |
Prepare invoices or cost quotations for freight transportation.O*NET Task ID 17696 | 1.0 |
Complete customs paperwork.O*NET Task ID 17701 | 1.0 |
Select shipment routes, based on nature of goods shipped, transit times, or security needs.O*NET Task ID 17680 | 0.5 |
Determine efficient and cost-effective methods of moving goods from one location to another.O*NET Task ID 17681 | 0.5 |
Reserve necessary space on ships, aircraft, trains, or trucks.O*NET Task ID 17682 | 0.5 |
Arrange delivery or storage of goods at destinations.O*NET Task ID 17683 | 0.5 |
Arrange for special transport of sensitive cargoes, such as livestock, food, or medical supplies.O*NET Task ID 17684 | 0.5 |
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page