Rail-Track Laying and Maintenance Equipment Operators
Construction, Maintenance & RepairAI exposure
- Data source: BLSPublished: 2026-08
Low· relative
LowFour relative bandsVery highGroup-level value
Scale, basis and source
Four relative bands (Low / Moderate / High / Very high)
831 detailed occupations in the BLS Employment Projections table. Assigned per National Employment Matrix (NEM) code, so occupations sharing a NEM code carry the same band
- Data source: AnthropicPublished: 2026-03
0.000
0.000Range of values carried here0.745Scale, basis and source
- Data source: ILOPublished: 2025
0.09
0.09Range of values carried here0.70Group-level value
Scale, basis and source
Generative AI exposure index, 0–1 as published
ISCO-08 unit group — every occupation sharing the code gets this value
Computed by this site, not published by the ILO: of the 1,012 occupations this site links to the ILO dataset, 100% score at or above this value.
What kind of figure this source publishes
The BLS category is a relative rank, not an absolute level, and it is not a first-hand measurement: it groups an occupation's percentile ranks across several published studies into four bands. It is not an employment or wage forecast, not a probability of adoption, and it does not separate automation from augmentation.
Task-level exposure
Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime.
| Task | βE1 + 0.5 × E2 |
|---|---|
Patrol assigned track sections so that damaged or broken track can be located and reported.O*NET Task ID 13643 | 0.0 |
Clean tracks or clear ice or snow from tracks or switch boxes.O*NET Task ID 13644 | 0.0 |
Repair or adjust track switches, using wrenches and replacement parts.O*NET Task ID 13645 | 0.0 |
Lubricate machines, change oil, or fill hydraulic reservoirs to specified levels.O*NET Task ID 13646 | 0.0 |
Dress and reshape worn or damaged railroad switch points or frogs, using portable power grinders.O*NET Task ID 13647 | 0.0 |
Cut rails to specified lengths, using rail saws.O*NET Task ID 13648 | 0.0 |
Raise rails, using hydraulic jacks, to allow for tie removal and replacement.O*NET Task ID 13649 | 0.0 |
Adjust controls of machines that spread, shape, raise, level, or align track, according to specifications.O*NET Task ID 13650 | 0.0 |
Drill holes through rails, tie plates, or fishplates for insertion of bolts or spikes, using power drills.O*NET Task ID 13651 | 0.0 |
Grind ends of new or worn rails to attain smooth joints, using portable grinders.O*NET Task ID 13652 | 0.0 |
Operate track wrenches to tighten or loosen bolts at joints that hold ends of rails together.O*NET Task ID 13653 | 0.0 |
Observe leveling indicator arms to verify levelness and alignment of tracks.O*NET Task ID 13654 | 0.0 |
Operate single- or multiple-head spike driving machines to drive spikes into ties and secure rails.O*NET Task ID 13655 | 0.0 |
Engage mechanisms that lay tracks or rails to specified gauges.O*NET Task ID 13656 | 0.0 |
Clean or make minor repairs to machines or equipment.O*NET Task ID 13657 | 0.0 |
Clean, grade, or level ballast on railroad tracks.O*NET Task ID 13658 | 0.0 |
Drive graders, tamping machines, brooms, or ballast spreading machines to redistribute gravel or ballast between rails.O*NET Task ID 13659 | 0.0 |
Operate single- or multiple-head spike pullers to pull old spikes from ties.O*NET Task ID 13660 | 0.0 |
Drive vehicles that automatically move and lay tracks or rails over sections of track to be constructed, repaired, or maintained.O*NET Task ID 13661 | 0.0 |
Turn wheels of machines, using lever controls, to adjust guidelines for track alignments or grades, following specifications.O*NET Task ID 13662 | 0.0 |
Spray ties, fishplates, or joints with oil to protect them from weathering.O*NET Task ID 13663 | 0.0 |
Push controls to close grasping devices on track or rail sections so that they can be raised or moved.O*NET Task ID 13664 | 0.0 |
String and attach wire-guidelines machine to rails so that tracks or rails can be aligned or leveled.O*NET Task ID 13665 | 0.0 |
Operate tie-adzing machines to cut ties and permit insertion of fishplates that hold rails.O*NET Task ID 13666 | 0.0 |
Paint railroad signs, such as speed limits or gate-crossing warnings.O*NET Task ID 13667 | 0.0 |
Weld sections of track together, such as switch points and frogs.O*NET Task ID 20798 | 0.0 |
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page