School Librarians
United States · BLS Employment Projections 2024–34 (figures for SOC 25-4022 occupational group)
AI exposure in published research
Figures below are reproduced from external datasets without modification. Where a dataset does not cover this occupation, the value is shown as — rather than as zero.
Data provider: OpenAI · "GPTs are GPTs"
Time basis: 2023 baselineex-ante estimate
Scored against GPT-4-generation capability.
- Human rater basis
- 50.0%
- GPT-4 rater basis
- 53.5%
β = direct exposure (E1) + 0.5 × exposure when tools are available (E2), per the source repository's definition.
30 rated tasks · 27 tasks with β ≥ 0.5 (90.0%)
- Version:
- gh-main-0471612
- License:
- MIT License · Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI
Data provider: Anthropic Economic Index
Time basis: Published 2026-03-05composite index
- Observed exposure
- 20.3%
Theoretical exposure index weighted by measured Claude usage, per the original report's definition.
22 tasks · usage observed in 5 · mean 21.3%
Data: Anthropic Economic Index — labor_market_impacts, CC-BY, https://huggingface.co/datasets/Anthropic/EconomicIndex
AI Changing Work uses Anthropic Economic Index data under CC-BY; Anthropic does not endorse or sponsor this site or its analyses.
- Version:
- hf-lmi-2026-03
- License:
- CC BY 4.0
- Observation period:
- — (not applicable to this release)
- Model:
- — (not stated by the source)
- Definition source:
- https://www.anthropic.com/research/labor-market-impacts
2023 prediction vs observation-based index published 2026-03-05
One card (GPTs are GPTs) is a 2023 estimate of what AI could theoretically do; the other (Anthropic Economic Index) is built from observed usage and was published on 2026-03-05 — that is its publication date, not the period it observed. They measure different things, so the two figures cannot be added, averaged, or ranked against each other. The older figure is kept here as a baseline for comparison rather than removed.
Caution: the Anthropic figures — observed exposure and task penetration — take the Eloundou β as one of their inputs. The two sides resembling each other is therefore not evidence that the earlier prediction came true; reading it that way is circular reasoning.
The Anthropic figures are measured on Claude users, who are not the whole economy and not the whole workforce.
The mapping of O*NET tasks and occupation codes was performed by AI Changing Work. The source figures themselves were not modified.
These indices are not forecasts. Which point in time each one belongs to is stated on the badge on its card.
Task Breakdown
- Catalog and organize library collections and databases
- Teach information literacy and digital research skills
- Curate and recommend reading materials for students
- Collaborate with teachers to integrate library resources into lessons
About This Occupation
If you work as a School Librarian, AI is significantly reshaping your role's information management aspects. With an automation risk of 34/100 and overall exposure at 45%, this role faces high transformation in cataloging and resource curation. The highest-impact area is catalog and organize library collections and databases at 72% automation. This is classified as an 'augment' role because teaching information literacy and fostering reading culture require direct human engagement. BLS projects -1% change through 2034. Librarians who embrace AI-powered recommendation engines and digital curation tools will provide more personalized reading experiences.
ISCO-08 classification
Librarians and Related Information Professionals
Indirect mapping — this occupation is linked to the ISCO unit group by a rule-based fallback.
Definition
ILO original text (English)
Librarians and related information professionals collect, select, develop, organize and maintain library collections and other information repositories, organize and control other library services and provide information for users.
Definition & vocabulary source
Source: International Labour Organization (ILO) — ISCO-08 Structure
License: ILO CC BY 4.0
Official occupational information
- ONET25-4022.00
Librarians and Media Collections Specialists
Administer and maintain libraries or collections of information, for public or private access through reference or borrowing. Work in a variety of settings, such as educational institutions, museums, and corporations, and with various types of informational materials, such as books, periodicals, recordings, films, and databases. Tasks may include acquiring, cataloging, and circulating library materials, and user services such as locating and organizing information, providing instruction on how to access information, and setting up and operating a library's media equipment.
View original
Frequently Asked Questions
The Anthropic Economic Index puts observed exposure at 20.3%. The OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" rubric puts occupation-level β at 50.0% under human raters. Both figures are reproduced from published research without modification.
They come from two published datasets: the Anthropic Economic Index (labor_market_impacts, CC BY 4.0) and the OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric (MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI). AI Changing Work maps them onto O*NET occupation and task codes and does not calculate exposure scores of its own. AI Changing Work uses Anthropic Economic Index data under CC-BY; Anthropic does not endorse or sponsor this site or its analyses.
No. They are a diagnosis of exposure as measured at the time each source dataset was published. AI Changing Work publishes no prediction of future automation or job displacement for this occupation.
Recent Changes Affecting This Occupation
Mar 2026: New evergreen blog post analyzing AI impact on school librarians — 34% automation risk, information literacy teaching grows critical.
[Source: AI Changing Work Blog]