Substitute Teachers, Short-Term
Education & TrainingAI exposure
- Data source: BLSPublished: 2026-08
High· relative
LowFour relative bandsVery highGroup-level value
Scale, basis and source
Four relative bands (Low / Moderate / High / Very high)
831 detailed occupations in the BLS Employment Projections table. Assigned per National Employment Matrix (NEM) code, so occupations sharing a NEM code carry the same band
- Data source: ILOPublished: 2025
0.33
0.09Range of values carried here0.70Group-level value
Scale, basis and source
Generative AI exposure index, 0–1 as published
ISCO-08 unit group — every occupation sharing the code gets this value
Computed by this site, not published by the ILO: of the 1,012 occupations this site links to the ILO dataset, 63% score at or above this value.
- Data source: OpenAIPublished: 2023
0.083
0.000Range of values carried here0.844Scale, basis and source
What kind of figure this source publishes
The BLS category is a relative rank, not an absolute level, and it is not a first-hand measurement: it groups an occupation's percentile ranks across several published studies into four bands. It is not an employment or wage forecast, not a probability of adoption, and it does not separate automation from augmentation.
Task-level exposure
Show 10 hidden tasks| Task | Claude.aiRaw / share % | APIRaw / share % |
|---|---|---|
Provide private instruction to individual or small groups of students to improve academic performance, improve occupational skills, or prepare for academic or occupational tests.25-3099 | 0.978058.7 | 0.212749.8 |
Review class material with students by discussing text, working solutions to problems, or reviewing worksheets or other assignments.25-3099 | 0.472428.3 | 0.111926.2 |
Develop teaching or training materials, such as handouts, study materials, or quizzes.25-3099 | 0.15579.3 | 0.052612.3 |
Research or recommend textbooks, software, equipment, or other learning materials to complement tutoring.25-3099 | 0.02821.7 | 0.00350.8 |
Administer, proctor, or score academic or diagnostic assessments.25-3099 | 0.01921.2 | 0.045010.5 |
Teach students study skills, note-taking skills, and test-taking strategies.25-3099 | 0.00870.5 | —0 |
Communicate students' progress to students, parents or teachers in written progress reports, in person, by phone, or by email.25-3099 | 0.00320.2 | —0 |
Maintain records of students' assessment results, progress, feedback, or school performance, ensuring confidentiality of all records.25-3099 | 0.00210.1 | —0 |
Monitor student performance or assist students in academic environments, such as classrooms, laboratories, or computing centers. | —0 | 0.00180.4 |
Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.
| Task | βE1 + 0.5 × E2 |
|---|---|
Answer students' questions.O*NET Task ID 22389 | 1.0 |
Distribute or collect tests or homework assignments.O*NET Task ID 22393 | 1.0 |
Follow lesson plans designed by absent teachers.O*NET Task ID 22396 | 1.0 |
Operate equipment such as computers or audio-visual aids to supplement presentations.O*NET Task ID 22398 | 1.0 |
Take class attendance and maintain attendance records.O*NET Task ID 22403 | 1.0 |
Attend professional meetings, educational conferences, or teacher training workshops to improve professional competence.O*NET Task ID 22391 | 0.5 |
Grade students' assignments and exams.O*NET Task ID 22397 | 0.5 |
Teach a variety of subjects, such as English, mathematics, and social studies.O*NET Task ID 22404 | 0.5 |
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page