Marketing Managers
Management Occupations- O*NET-SOC コード
- 11-2021.00
Plan, direct, or coordinate marketing policies and programs, such as determining the demand for products and services offered by a firm and its competitors, and identify potential customers. Develop pricing strategies with the goal of maximizing the firm's profits or share of the market while ensuring the firm's customers are satisfied. Oversee product development or monitor trends that indicate the need for new products and services.
- データ出典: BLS公表時点: 2026-08
非常に高い· 相対
低い4段階の相対区分非常に高い職業群単位の値
尺度・母数・出典
4段階の相対区分（低い / 中程度 / 高い / 非常に高い）
BLS雇用見通し表の詳細職業831件が母数。値は NEM(全国雇用マトリクス)コード単位で付与されるため、同じ NEM コードの職業は同じバンドになります
- データ出典: Anthropic公表時点: 2026-03
0.320
0.000ここに掲載された値の範囲0.745尺度・母数・出典
観測エクスポージャー指数、公開されたまま0–1
O*NETタスクへの対応づけが基準
SOC 2018の職業単位で公表された値で、同じSOC 2018コードを持つO*NET職業はすべてこの値になります
- データ出典: ILO公表時点: 2025
0.41
0.09ここに掲載された値の範囲0.70職業群単位の値
尺度・母数・出典
生成AI露出度指数、公開されたまま0–1
ISCO-08の細分類（4桁）単位で公表された値です。米国労働統計局（BLS）の公式対応表（ISCO-08→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→2018 SOC）を公表どおり適用してこの職業に結び付けており、対応は全部または一部です
この出典がどのような性格の値か
BLSの区分は絶対水準ではなく相対順位であり、一次測定でもありません。複数の既存研究が付けた職業別パーセンタイル順位を4段階にまとめた値です。雇用や賃金の予測でもなく、導入確率でもなく、自動化と増強を区別しません。
Task-level exposure
非表示の作業 10 件を表示評価済みタスク 20 件 · β ≥ 0.5 のタスク 19 件（95.0%）
β = 直接的な露出（E1）+ 0.5 × ツール利用時の露出（E2）。原典リポジトリの定義に従います。
- 原典の単位：O*NET 27.2 のタスク → O*NET 31.0 の職業コード
- 評価済みタスクはすべて O*NET 31.0 のタスク一覧にあります。
- 出典
- OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
- 版
- gh-main-0471612
- ライセンス
- MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI
| Task (O*NET 20.1) | Claude.aiRaw / share % | APIRaw / share % |
|---|---|---|
Identify, develop, or evaluate marketing strategy, based on knowledge of establishment objectives, market characteristics, and cost and markup factors.11-2021.00 | 0.035439.0 | 0.006126.3 |
Formulate, direct, or coordinate marketing activities or policies to promote products or services, working with advertising or promotion managers.11-2021.00 | 0.026929.7 | 0.010947.3 |
Develop pricing strategies, balancing firm objectives and customer satisfaction.11-2021.00 | 0.013314.7 | —0 |
Conduct economic or commercial surveys to identify potential markets for products or services.11-2021.00 | 0.00444.9 | —0 |
Advise business or other groups on local, national, or international factors affecting the buying or selling of products or services.11-2021.00 | 0.00374.1 | —0 |
Use sales forecasting or strategic planning to ensure the sale and profitability of products, lines, or services, analyzing business developments and monitoring market trends.11-2021.00 | 0.00293.2 | —0 |
Confer with legal staff to resolve problems, such as copyright infringement or royalty sharing with outside producers or distributors.11-2021.00 | 0.00242.6 | —0 |
Initiate market research studies or analyze their findings.11-2021.00 | 0.00171.9 | 0.00156.7 |
Compile lists describing product or service offerings. | —0 | 0.002912.5 |
Coordinate or participate in promotional activities or trade shows, working with developers, advertisers, or production managers, to market products or services. | —0 | 0.00167.1 |
Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.
| Task (O*NET 27.2) | βE1 + 0.5 × E2 |
|---|---|
Compile lists describing product or service offerings.O*NET Task ID 957 | 1.0 |
Develop pricing strategies, balancing firm objectives and customer satisfaction.O*NET Task ID 950 | 0.5 |
Identify, develop, or evaluate marketing strategy, based on knowledge of establishment objectives, market characteristics, and cost and markup factors.O*NET Task ID 951 | 0.5 |
Evaluate the financial aspects of product development, such as budgets, expenditures, research and development appropriations, or return-on-investment and profit-loss projections.O*NET Task ID 952 | 0.5 |
Negotiate contracts with vendors or distributors to manage product distribution, establishing distribution networks or developing distribution strategies.O*NET Task ID 955 | 0.5 |
Consult with product development personnel on product specifications, such as design, color, or packaging.O*NET Task ID 956 | 0.5 |
Use sales forecasting or strategic planning to ensure the sale and profitability of products, lines, or services, analyzing business developments and monitoring market trends.O*NET Task ID 958 | 0.5 |
Select products or accessories to be displayed at trade or special production shows.O*NET Task ID 959 | 0.5 |
Confer with legal staff to resolve problems, such as copyright infringement or royalty sharing with outside producers or distributors.O*NET Task ID 960 | 0.5 |
Coordinate or participate in promotional activities or trade shows, working with developers, advertisers, or production managers, to market products or services.O*NET Task ID 961 | 0.5 |
Advise business or other groups on local, national, or international factors affecting the buying or selling of products or services.O*NET Task ID 962 | 0.5 |
Initiate market research studies, or analyze their findings.O*NET Task ID 963 | 0.5 |
Consult with buying personnel to gain advice regarding the types of products or services expected to be in demand.O*NET Task ID 964 | 0.5 |
Conduct economic or commercial surveys to identify potential markets for products or services.O*NET Task ID 965 | 0.5 |
Consult with buying personnel to gain advice regarding environmentally sound or sustainable products.O*NET Task ID 19502 | 0.5 |
Develop business cases for environmental marketing strategies.O*NET Task ID 19503 | 0.5 |
Integrate environmental information into product or company marketing strategies, policies, or activities.O*NET Task ID 19504 | 0.5 |
Recommend modifications to products, packaging, production processes, or other characteristics to improve the environmental soundness or sustainability of products.O*NET Task ID 19505 | 0.5 |
Formulate, direct, or coordinate marketing activities or policies to promote products or services, working with advertising or promotion managers.O*NET Task ID 20709 | 0.5 |
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page
O*NET 31.0 のタスク全件（20件）
この職業の O*NET 31.0 のタスク全件（英語原文、種別はコア・補足）。露出値はこの一覧には載せず、上の表で各出典が用いた O*NET 版の文言の横にあります。
| タスク（O*NET 31.0） | 種類 |
|---|---|
| Develop pricing strategies, balancing firm objectives and customer satisfaction. | コア |
| Identify, develop, or evaluate marketing strategy, based on knowledge of establishment objectives, market characteristics, and cost and markup factors. | コア |
| Evaluate the financial aspects of product development, such as budgets, expenditures, research and development appropriations, or return-on-investment and profit-loss projections. | コア |
| Direct the hiring, training, or performance evaluations of marketing or sales staff and oversee their daily activities. | コア |
| Consult with product development personnel on product specifications, such as design, color, or packaging. | コア |
| Compile lists describing product or service offerings. | コア |
| Use sales forecasting or strategic planning to ensure the sale and profitability of products, lines, or services, analyzing business developments and monitoring market trends. | コア |
| Coordinate or participate in promotional activities or trade shows, working with developers, advertisers, or production managers, to market products or services. | コア |
| Initiate market research studies, or analyze their findings. | コア |
| Conduct economic or commercial surveys to identify potential markets for products or services. | コア |
| Recommend modifications to products, packaging, production processes, or other characteristics to improve the environmental soundness or sustainability of products. | コア |
| Formulate, direct, or coordinate marketing activities or policies to promote products or services, working with advertising or promotion managers. | コア |
| Negotiate contracts with vendors or distributors to manage product distribution, establishing distribution networks or developing distribution strategies. | 補足 |
| Select products or accessories to be displayed at trade or special production shows. | 補足 |
| Confer with legal staff to resolve problems, such as copyright infringement or royalty sharing with outside producers or distributors. | 補足 |
| Advise business or other groups on local, national, or international factors affecting the buying or selling of products or services. | 補足 |
| Consult with buying personnel to gain advice regarding the types of products or services expected to be in demand. | 補足 |
| Consult with buying personnel to gain advice regarding environmentally sound or sustainable products. | 補足 |
| Develop business cases for environmental marketing strategies. | 補足 |
| Integrate environmental information into product or company marketing strategies, policies, or activities. | 補足 |
0.00/ 3· ロボット露出指数
尺度・母数・出典
身体的なタスクそれぞれに、実際に導入・販売・実演されたロボットがこなせる環境に応じて 0–3 の等級を付け（0 不可 · 1 フェンスで囲われた機械セルや瓶詰めラインのようなロボット専用設備 · 2 病院の薬剤部やコンテナ港のような管理された施設 · 3 一般家庭や建設現場のような非定型の環境）、勤務時間に占める割合で平均した値
この職業の O*NET 29.3 タスクのうち身体的なタスクが対象
等級と時間の割合は Anthropic が Claude Opus 5（ウェブ検索）で推定しました（2026年時点）。
ロボット露出指数は、このサイトの AI 露出度とは別の指標であり、足し合わせたり比べたりすることはできません。実際の導入やコスト競争力を示すものではなく、0 には身体的なタスクのない職業も含まれます。
身体的なタスクごとの等級
この職業の O*NET 29.3 タスクのうち、身体的なタスクに分類されたものはありません。
職業情報
雇用見通し（BLS）
- 雇用者数、2025
- 422K
- 雇用者数見通し、2035
- 451K
- 変化率 (2025–35)
- +6.9%
- 年間賃金の中央値、2025
- $166,790
- 入職時に通常必要な学歴
- Bachelor's degree
韓国職業分類との対応（KSCO）
AI Changing Work が作成した Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1 現行版の対応です。関係の値は O*NET-SOC 職業の側から読みます。
| KSCO コード | KSCO 名称 | 関係 | 状態 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 12201 | 마케팅 관리자 | 範囲が同じ | 確定 |
| 13901 | 시장 및 여론 조사 관리자 | 重なるが同じではない | 確定 |
関係と状態の定義(kr-direct v1.1)
ILO（国際労働機関）の職業説明
以下のISCO-08職業群は、AI Changing Workが米国労働統計局（BLS）の発行するクロスウォーク（2018 SOC→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→ISCO-08）を個別の選択なしにそのまま適用して、この職業に結び付けたものです。結び付きは全体的な対応の場合も部分的な対応の場合もあります。
- ISCO-08 1221Sales and Marketing Managers
販売・マーケティング管理者
出典: 総務省「国際標準職業分類（ISCO）2008年改定版（仮訳）分類項目名一覧（和英対照）」— 原著：ILO ISCO-08 © International Labour Organization（日本語訳は総務省がILOの許可を得て作成）
以下の定義・作業・職業例は、この職業ではなく、当該ISCO-08職業群についてのILOによる説明です。
Sales and marketing managers plan, direct and coordinate the sales and marketing activities of an enterprise or organization, or of enterprises that provide sales and marketing services to other enterprises and organizations.
作業
- (a) planning and organizing special sales and marketing programmes based on sales records and market assessments;
- (b) determining price lists, discount and delivery terms, sales promotion budgets, sales methods, special incentives and campaigns;
- (c) establishing and directing operational and administrative procedures related to sales and marketing activities;
- (d) leading and managing the activities of sales and marketing staff;
- (e) planning and directing daily operations;
- (f) establishing and managing budgets and controlling expenditure to ensure the efficient use of resources;
- (g) overseeing the selection, training and performance of staff;
- (h) representing the enterprise or organization at sales and marketing conventions, trade exhibitions and other forums.
職業例
Marketing manager · Sales manager
Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits
ESCO 職業語彙
以下の各項目は、公開されているESCO-O*NET Crosswalk（バージョン1、2022年）で、この職業と一つずつ対応付けられたものです。対応の種類はそのクロスウォークによるもので、表現はAI Changing Workによるものです。
- marketing managerESCO 1221.3.2範囲が同じ
Marketing managers carry out the implementation of efforts related to the marketing operations in a company. They develop marketing strategies and plans by detailing cost and resources needed. They analyse the profitability of these plans, develop pricing strategies, and strive to raise awareness on products and companies among targeted customers.
- clothing development managerESCO 1223.2.1.1この職業のほうが広い
Clothing development managers define product concepts that are consistent with target consumer and overall marketing strategy. They receive scientific findings and specifications in order to lead the briefing and implementation of all relevant seasonal and strategic concepts, including distribution by channel, product, colour introductions, and merchandised assortments. They ensure realisation and execution within budget. They manage and execute the product line and category life cycle from concept determination through sales and distribution, contribution in research of market, industry trends to influence category concepts and products.
- membership managerESCO 2431.12この職業のほうが広い
Membership managers oversee and coordinate the membership plan, support existing members and engage with possible new members. They analyse the market trend reports and develop marketing plans accordingly. Membership managers monitor and ensure the efficiency of processes, systems and strategies.
- chief marketing officerESCO 1221.3重なるが同じではない
Chief marketing officers manage the high level marketing operations in a company. They coordinate all the efforts related to the marketing, promotional, and advertising activities across units or geographical areas. They make sure that different activities aimed at creating awareness of products are profitable for the company. They take decisions and prepare reports on marketing projects and the costs they entail.
出典: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)
ライセンス: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)
ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.
フランス職業分類との対応（ROME）
この職業と ROME 4.0 の職業票（fiche）との対応で、AI Changing Work が AI モデルを用いて判定したものです。関係はこの職業の側から読みます。「暫定」と表示した対応は、同じモデル系列（Claude）の二人の判定者による判定のみ、またはその判定に運営者の規則を適用して採用したものであり、確定した対応より根拠が弱くなります。
| ROME コード | ROME 名称（フランス語） | 関係 |
|---|---|---|
| C1101 | Chargé / Chargée de produit en assurances | この職業のほうが広い |
| M1705 | Responsable marketing | この職業のほうが広い |
| M1711 | Directeur / Directrice du marketing | この職業のほうが広い |
| M1716 | Directeur / Directrice marketing digital | この職業のほうが広い |
| M1721 | Chef / Cheffe de projet édition phonographique | この職業のほうが広い |
| C1204 | Gestionnaire de produits bancaires | この職業のほうが広い暫定 |
| G1308 | Chef / Cheffe de produit touristique | この職業のほうが広い暫定 |
| M1709 | Chef / Cheffe de gamme en industrie pharmaceutique | この職業のほうが広い暫定 |
| E1127 | Brand content manager | 関連（対応ではない） |
| G1105 | Directeur / Directrice d'office du tourisme | 関連（対応ではない） |
| G1108 | Directeur / Directrice de pays d'accueil touristique | 関連（対応ではない） |
| M1427 | Animateur / Animatrice de réseau d'entreprises | 関連（対応ではない） |
| M1703 | Chef / Cheffe de produit | 関連（対応ではない） |
| M1708 | Directeur / Directrice de l'accès au marché en industrie pharmaceutique | 関連（対応ではない） |
| M1717 | Responsable innovation | 関連（対応ではない） |
| M1707 | Responsable du développement commercial | 関連（対応ではない）暫定 |
| M1712 | Directeur / Directrice de l'information promotionnelle du médicament en industrie pharmaceutique | 関連（対応ではない）暫定 |
Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.
ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)
スペイン職業分類との対応（CNO-11）
この職業と CNO-11 の職業との対応で、AI Changing Work が AI モデルを用いて判定したものです。関係はこの職業の側から読みます。
| CNO-11 コード | CNO-11 名称（スペイン語） | 関係 |
|---|---|---|
| 1221 | Directores comerciales y de ventas | この職業のほうが狭い |
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)
ドイツ職業分類との対応（KldB）
この職業と KldB の職業との対応で、AI Changing Work が AI モデルを用いて判定したものです。関係はこの職業の側から読みます。
| KldB コード | KldB 名称（ドイツ語） | 関係 |
|---|---|---|
| 92194 | Führungskräfte - Werbung und Marketing | 範囲が同じ |
| 92114 | Berufe in Werbung und Marketing - hoch komplexe Tätigkeiten | 重なるが同じではない |
| 62514 | Berufe im Buchhandel - hoch komplexe Tätigkeiten | 関連（対応ではない）暫定 |
| 63114 | Tourismuskaufleute - hoch komplexe Tätigkeiten | 関連（対応ではない）暫定 |
| 92304 | Verlags- und Medienkaufleute (ohne Spezialisierung) - hoch komplexe Tätigkeiten | 関連（対応ではない）暫定 |
Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)
日本職業分類との対応（JSCO）
この職業と JSCO の職業との対応で、AI Changing Work が AI モデルを用いて判定したものです。関係はこの職業の側から読みます。
| JSCO コード | JSCO 名称（日本語） | 関係 |
|---|---|---|
| 031 | 会社管理職員 | この職業のほうが狭い暫定 |
Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)
このページのデータの出典・ライセンスと AI Changing Work による改変・翻訳の告知：クレジットと出典