이 탭의 값은 관측이 아니라 예측 라벨입니다. Eloundou et al.(2023)은 인간 평가자와 GPT-4 두 평가 기준을 공개했고, 이 표의 β는 그중 GPT-4 평가 기준 하나로만 유도한 값입니다 — 평가 기준이 다르면 같은 태스크라도 값이 달라질 수 있습니다. 다른 탭의 관측 비중(%)과는 단위도 의미도 다르니 같은 축에 놓고 비교하지 마세요.
작업
βE1 + 0.5 × E2
강의계획서·과제·유인물 같은 강의 자료를 작성한다.자세히
Prepare course materials, such as syllabi, homework assignments, and handouts.
O*NET 태스크 ID 6171
1.0
학생 출결 기록·성적과 그 밖의 요구되는 기록을 관리한다.자세히
Maintain student attendance records, grades, and other required records.
O*NET 태스크 ID 6178
1.0
외부 연구 재원을 확보하기 위해 연구비 제안서를 작성한다.자세히
Write grant proposals to procure external research funding.
O*NET 태스크 ID 6184
1.0
교외 독서 과제를 위한 전문 자료의 참고문헌 목록을 취합한다.자세히
Compile bibliographies of specialized materials for outside reading assignments.
O*NET 태스크 ID 6188
1.0
전문 학술지 원고를 편집한다.자세히
Edit manuscripts for professional journals.
O*NET 태스크 ID 20090
1.0
학부생이나 대학원생에게 장서 개발·기록보존 방법·색인과 초록 작성 같은 주제로 강의를 준비해 진행한다.자세히
Prepare and deliver lectures to undergraduate or graduate students on topics such as collection development, archival methods, and indexing and abstracting.
O*NET 태스크 ID 6172
0.5
학생의 수업 활동·과제·보고서를 평가하고 채점한다.자세히
Evaluate and grade students' class work, assignments, and papers.
O*NET 태스크 ID 6173
0.5
교육과정, 교과 내용, 교과 자료, 수업 방법을 계획·평가하고 개정한다.자세히
Plan, evaluate, and revise curricula, course content, course materials, and methods of instruction.
O*NET 태스크 ID 6176
0.5
교육과 연구 문제를 다루기 위해 동료와 협업한다.자세히
Collaborate with colleagues to address teaching and research issues.
O*NET 태스크 ID 6179
0.5
학업·직업 교육과정과 진로 문제에 관해 학생에게 조언한다.자세히
Advise students on academic and vocational curricula and on career issues.
O*NET 태스크 ID 6180
0.5
시험 문제를 취합해 시행하고 채점하거나 이 업무를 다른 사람에게 배정한다.자세히
Compile, administer, and grade examinations, or assign this work to others.
O*NET 태스크 ID 6181
0.5
학부·대학원 강의와 인턴십, 연구 작업을 감독한다.자세히
Supervise undergraduate or graduate teaching, internship, and research work.
O*NET 태스크 ID 6182
0.5
교과서 같은 자료와 물품을 선정해 확보한다.자세히
Select and obtain materials and supplies, such as textbooks.
O*NET 태스크 ID 6185
0.5
학생 모집, 등록, 배치 활동에 참여한다.자세히
Participate in student recruitment, registration, and placement activities.
O*NET 태스크 ID 6187
0.5
학과장 역할 수행 같은 행정 업무를 수행한다.자세히
Perform administrative duties, such as serving as department head.
O*NET 태스크 ID 6189
0.5
정부나 산업계에 전문 컨설팅 서비스를 제공한다.자세히
Provide professional consulting services to government or industry.
O*NET 태스크 ID 6192
0.5
특정 지식 분야에서 연구를 수행하고, 전문 학술지·도서·전자 매체에 또는 전문 학회에서 결과를 발표한다.자세히
Conduct research in a particular field of knowledge and present findings in professional journals, books, electronic media, or at professional conferences.
O*NET 태스크 ID 20087
0.5
최신 문헌을 읽고 동료와 대화하며 학회에서 발표하고 전문 협회 위원회에서 활동해 해당 분야의 발전을 계속 파악한다.자세히
Keep abreast of developments in the field by reading current literature, talking with colleagues, giving presentations at conferences, and serving on committees in professional associations.
O*NET 태스크 ID 20088
0.5
온라인 강의를 개발하고 가르친다.자세히
Develop and teach online courses.
O*NET 태스크 ID 20089
0.5
수업에서 강연할 초빙 연사를 선정해 초청한다.자세히
Select and invite guest speakers to speak to classes.
O*NET 태스크 ID 21123
0.5
교실 토론을 시작하고 진행을 돕고 이끈다.자세히
Initiate, facilitate, and moderate classroom discussions.
O*NET 태스크 ID 6175
0.0
학생에게 조언하고 지원하기 위해 정기적으로 정해진 상담 시간을 유지한다.자세히
Maintain regularly scheduled office hours to advise and assist students.
O*NET 태스크 ID 6183
0.0
기관 정책·학과 사안·학사 문제를 다루는 학사 위원회나 행정 위원회에서 활동한다.자세히
Serve on academic or administrative committees that deal with institutional policies, departmental matters, and academic issues.
O*NET 태스크 ID 6186
0.0
캠퍼스와 지역사회 행사에 참여한다.자세히
Participate in campus and community events.
O*NET 태스크 ID 6190
0.0
학생 단체의 자문 역할을 한다.자세히
Act as advisers to student organizations.
O*NET 태스크 ID 6191
0.0
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = LLM에 직접 접근하는 것만으로 소요시간이 50% 이상 줄어드는 태스크, E2 = LLM 위에 별도 소프트웨어를 얹으면 50% 이상 줄어드는 태스크. 값은 0 / 0.5 / 1.0 세 단계뿐입니다.
데이터 출처·라이선스 — O*NET®, Eloundou et al. (2023): 상세 고지는 크레딧 및 출처 페이지 참조
직업 정보
ILO(국제노동기구) 직업설명
University and Higher Education Teachers
대학교수 및 고등교육 교육자
출처:본 저작물은 '국가데이터처'에서 2026년 작성하여 공공누리 제3유형(출처표시-변경금지)으로 개방한 '한국표준직업분류(KSCO 8차)-국제표준직업분류(ISCO-08) 연계표'를 이용하였으며, 해당 저작물은 '국가데이터처 통계분류포털, https://kssc.mods.go.kr'에서 무료로 다운받으실 수 있습니다. 원문을 변경하지 않고 그대로 인용하였습니다.
University and higher education teachers prepare and deliver lectures and conduct tutorials in one or more subjects within a prescribed course of study at a university or other higher educational institution. They conduct research, and prepare scholarly papers and books.
작업
(a) designing and modifying curricula and preparing courses of study in accordance with requirements;
(b) preparing and delivering lectures and conducting tutorials, seminars and laboratory experiments;
(c) stimulating discussion and independent thought among students;
(d) supervising, where appropriate, experimental and practical work undertaken by students;
(e) administering, evaluating and marking examination papers and tests;
(f) directing research of post-graduate students or other members of department;
(g) researching into and developing concepts, theories and operational methods for application in industrial and other fields;
(h) preparing scholarly books, papers or articles;
(i) participating in departmental and faculty meetings and in conferences and seminars;
예시 직업
Higher education lecturer · Professor · University lecturer · University tutor
Performing arts theatre instructors educate students in specific theory and, primarily, practice-based theatre courses at a specialised theatre, or acting, school or conservatory at a higher education level. They provide theoretical instruction in service of the practical skills and techniques the students must subsequently master in theatre. Performing arts theatre instructors monitor the students' progress, assist individually when necessary, and evaluate their knowledge and performance of theatre practice through assignments, tests and examinations.
economics lecturerESCO 2310.1.14
Economics lecturers are subject professors, assistant professors, teachers, lectures, assistant lecturers, mentors who instruct students in their own specialised field of study, economics. They develop curriculum, prepare classes (lectures, practical classes, seminars, trainings etc.), monitor learning outcomes, supervise student study path. They conduct academic research in their field of economics and present their findings at the conferences and in publications. They are involved in some university management functions.
medicine lecturerESCO 2310.1.25
Medicine lecturers are subject professors, teachers, or lecturers, and often doctors who instruct students who have obtained an upper secondary education diploma in their own specialised field of study, medicine, which is predominantly academic in nature. They work with their university research assistants and university teaching assistants for the preparation of lectures and of exams, for grading papers and exams, for leading laboratory practices, and for leading review and feedback sessions for the students. They also conduct academic research in their respective field of medicine, publish their findings and liaise with other university colleagues.
university teaching assistantESCO 2310.1.42
University teaching assistants are graduate students or recent graduates employed on a temporary contract at a university or a college for teaching-related responsibilities. They assist the professor, lecturer or teacher of the specific course they are in charge of in the preparation of lectures and of exams, grading papers and exams and leading review and feedback sessions for the students.
sociology lecturerESCO 2310.1.38
Sociology lecturers are subject professors, teachers, or lecturers who instruct students who have obtained an upper secondary education diploma in their own specialised field of study, sociology, which is predominantly academic in nature. They work with their university research assistants and university teaching assistants
for the preparation of lectures and of exams, grading papers and exams and leading review and feedback sessions for the students. They also conduct academic research in their field of sociology, publish their findings and liaise with other university colleagues.
nursing lecturerESCO 2310.1.28
Nursing lecturers are subject professors, teachers, or lecturers, and often doctors who instruct students who have obtained an upper secondary education diploma in their own specialised field of study, nursing, which is predominantly academic in nature. They work with their university research assistants and university teaching assistants for the preparation of lectures and of exams, for grading papers and exams, for leading laboratory practices, and for leading review and feedback sessions for the students. They also conduct academic research in their respective field of nursing, publish their findings and liaise with other university colleagues.
business lecturerESCO 2310.1.7
Business lecturers are subject professors, teachers, or lecturers who instruct students who have obtained an upper secondary education diploma in their own specialised field of study, business, which is predominantly academic in nature. They work with their university research assistants and university teaching assistants
for the preparation of lectures and of exams, grading papers and exams and leading review and feedback sessions for the students. They also conduct academic research in their field of business, publish their findings and liaise with other university colleagues.
earth science lecturerESCO 2310.1.13
Earth science lecturers are subject professors, teachers, or lecturers who instruct students who have obtained an upper secondary education diploma in their own specialised field of study, earth science, which is predominantly academic in nature. They work with their university research assistants and university teaching assistants in preparation of lectures and of exams, grading papers and exams and leading review and feedback sessions for the students. They also conduct academic research in their field of earth science, publish their findings and liaise with other university colleagues.
social work practice educatorESCO 2310.2
Social work practice educators teach, supervise and assess social work students prior, during and after they have obtained their degree. They contribute to their placement and have the authority to recommend students on the basis of appropriate evidence.
veterinary medicine lecturerESCO 2310.1.43
Veterinary medicine lecturers are subject professors, teachers, or lecturers, and often doctors who instruct students who have obtained an upper secondary education diploma in their own specialised field of study, veterinary medicine, which is predominantly academic in nature. They work with their university research assistants and university teaching assistants for the preparation of lectures and of exams, for grading papers and exams, for leading laboratory practices, and for leading review and feedback sessions for the students. They also conduct academic research in their respective field of veterinary medicine, publish their findings and liaise with other university colleagues.
dentistry lecturerESCO 2310.1.12
Dentistry lecturers are subject professors, teachers, or lecturers, and often doctors who instruct students who have obtained an upper secondary education diploma in their own specialised field of study, dentistry, which is predominantly academic in nature. They work with their university research assistants and university teaching assistants for the preparation of lectures and of exams, for grading papers and exams, for leading laboratory practices, and for leading review and feedback sessions for the students. They also conduct academic research in their respective field of dentistry, publish their findings and liaise with other university colleagues.
journalism lecturerESCO 2310.1.21
Journalism lecturers and media are subject professors, teachers, or lecturers who instruct students who have obtained an upper secondary education diploma in their own specialised field of study, journalism and media, which is predominantly academic in nature. They work with theiruniversity research assistants and university teaching assistants for the preparation of lectures and of exams, for grading papers and exams and for leading review and feedback sessions for the students. They also conduct academic research in their respective field of journalism and media, publish their findings and liaise with other university colleagues.
출처:European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)
