Cost Estimators

Business and Financial Operations Occupations
O*NET-SOC 代码
13-1051.00

Prepare cost estimates for product manufacturing, construction projects, or services to aid management in bidding on or determining price of product or service. May specialize according to particular service performed or type of product manufactured.

  • 数据来源: BLS发布时间: 2026-08

    高· 相对

    低四级相对区间很高

    职业群单位数值

    尺度 · 母数 · 来源

    四级相对类别（低 / 中等 / 高 / 很高）

    以BLS就业预测表中831个细分职业为基数。取值按 NEM（全国就业矩阵）代码给定，因此共用同一 NEM 代码的职业得到相同分档

    来源数据集（XLSX 文件下载）

  • 数据来源: Anthropic发布时间: 2026-03

    0.000

    0.000此处所载数值的范围0.745
    尺度 · 母数 · 来源

    观测暴露度指数，按发布原值0–1

    以O*NET任务映射为基准

    按 SOC 2018 职业发布的数值；具有相同 SOC 2018 代码的所有 O*NET 职业均显示此值

    来源数据集（CSV 文件下载）

  • 数据来源: ILO发布时间: 2025

    0.44

    0.09此处所载数值的范围0.70

    职业群单位数值

    尺度 · 母数 · 来源

    生成式AI暴露度指数，按发布原值0–1

    按 ISCO-08 细类（4 位）发布的数值。按原样应用美国劳工统计局（BLS）的官方对照表（ISCO-08→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→2018 SOC）关联到本职业，对应关系为全部或部分对应

    来源数据集（PDF 文件下载）

该来源发布的是什么性质的数值

BLS的类别是相对排位而非绝对水平，也不是一手测量：它把多项已发表研究给出的职业百分位排名归并为四个等级。它不是就业或工资预测，不是采用概率，也不区分自动化与增强。

Task-level exposure

显示隐藏的 11 项工作

已评分任务 14 项 · β ≥ 0.5 的任务 14 项（100.0%）

β = 直接暴露（E1）+ 0.5 × 借助工具时的暴露（E2），依据原始代码库的定义。

  • 原始单位：O*NET 27.2 任务 → O*NET 31.0 职业代码
  • 所有已评分任务均在 O*NET 31.0 任务列表中。
来源
OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
版本
gh-main-0471612
许可
MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI
Task (O*NET 20.1)Claude.aiRaw / share %
Consult with clients, vendors, personnel in other departments or construction foremen to discuss and formulate estimates and resolve issues.

13-1051.00

0.018986.8
Assess cost effectiveness of products, projects or services, tracking actual costs relative to bids as the project develops.

13-1051.00

0.002913.2

Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page

O*NET 31.0 全部任务（14 项）

本职业在 O*NET 31.0 中的全部任务（英文原文；任务类型为核心或补充）。暴露值不列在此清单中，而在上方表格里，位于各来源所用 O*NET 版本的任务表述旁。

任务（O*NET 31.0）类型
Analyze blueprints and other documentation to prepare time, cost, materials, and labor estimates.核心
Assess cost effectiveness of products, projects or services, tracking actual costs relative to bids as the project develops.核心
Consult with clients, vendors, personnel in other departments, or construction foremen to discuss and formulate estimates and resolve issues.核心
Confer with engineers, architects, owners, contractors, and subcontractors on changes and adjustments to cost estimates.核心
Prepare estimates used by management for purposes such as planning, organizing, and scheduling work.核心
Prepare estimates for use in selecting vendors or subcontractors.核心
Review material and labor requirements to decide whether it is more cost-effective to produce or purchase components.核心
Prepare cost and expenditure statements and other necessary documentation at regular intervals for the duration of the project.核心
Prepare and maintain a directory of suppliers, contractors and subcontractors.核心
Set up cost monitoring and reporting systems and procedures.核心
Establish and maintain tendering process, and conduct negotiations.核心
Conduct special studies to develop and establish standard hour and related cost data or to reduce cost.核心
Visit site and record information about access, drainage and topography, and availability of utility services.核心
Collect historical cost data to estimate costs for current or future products.核心

职业信息

就业展望（BLS）

就业人数，2025
226K
预计就业人数，2035
220K
变化 (2025–35)
-3.1%
年薪中位数，2025
$78,740
入职通常所需学历
Bachelor's degree
最低 $30,890BLS EP 2025–35 中 825 个细分职业的工资中位数范围最高 $559,030

来源: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment Projections 2025–35 — Employment by detailed occupation, 2025 and projected 2035

韩国职业分类关联（KSCO）

来自 AI Changing Work 制作的 Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1 当前版本的关联。关系值从 O*NET-SOC 职业一侧解读。

KSCO 代码KSCO 名称关系状态
23123건축시공 기술자相关，但不对应已确认
23133토목시공 기술자相关，但不对应已确认
23143조경시공 기술자相关，但不对应已确认

关系与状态的定义(kr-direct v1.1)

国际劳工组织（ILO）职业说明

以下 ISCO-08 职业组由 AI Changing Work 原样套用美国劳工统计局（BLS）发布的对照表（2018 SOC→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→ISCO-08）、不逐案取舍，与本职业相关联；每项关联可能是完全对应，也可能是部分对应。

  • ISCO-08 3339Business Services Agents Not Elsewhere Classified

    其他未列明的商务服务代理人

自行翻译

自行翻译 · 非 ISCO 官方词汇 — 未经国际劳工组织审核。

以下定义、任务和职业示例是 ILO 对该 ISCO-08 职业组的描述，而不是对本职业的描述。

This unit group covers business services agents not classified elsewhere in Minor Group 333: Business Services Agents. For instance, the group includes those who establish business contacts, sell business services such as advertising space in the media, arrange contracts for performances of athletes, entertainers and artists, for the publication of books, the production of plays, or the recording, performance and sale of music, sell property and goods by auction and who design and organize package and group tours.

任务

  • In such cases tasks would include -
  • (a) obtaining information about services to be sold and needs of prospective buyers;
  • (b) negotiating contracts on behalf of seller or buyer and explaining terms of sale and payment to client;
  • (c) signing agreements on behalf of seller or buyer and ensuring that contract is honoured;
  • (d) making sure that the business service purchased is made available to the buyer in the agreed format at the agreed time;
  • (e) selling by auction various kinds of property, cars, commodities, livestock, art, jewellery and other objects.
  • (f) organizing group tours for business or vacation travel and making bulk travel and accommodation bookings.

职业示例

Advertising salesperson · Auctioneer · Literary agent · Musical performance agent · Sports agent · Theatrical agent · Tour operator

Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits

ESCO 职业词汇

以下每一项都是在已公开的ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk（第 1 版，2022 年）中与本职业逐项对应的。对应类型出自该对照表；表述出自 AI Changing Work。

  • manufacturing cost estimatorESCO 2421.1.1本职业范围更宽

    Manufacturing cost estimators collect and analyse data to evaluate the money, materials, labour and time required for manufacturing processes. They conduct analyses to identify (alternative) cost effective technical designs and production processes. They develop and use methods and tools for cost planning, controlling and analysis. They also perform quantitative and qualitative risk analyses and report on the development of costs.

  • cost analystESCO 2411.1.5有重叠，但不相同

    Cost analysts prepare regular costs, budgeting analyses and reports in order to contribute to the overall cost planning and forecasting activities of a business. They review and reconcile key balance sheets and identify new opportunities to save costs.

  • quantity surveyorESCO 2149.12有重叠，但不相同

    Quantity surveyors have under their helm complete management of the cost involved in building and construction projects from the inception of the project until the delivery. They strive for an efficient use of the resources whilst keeping an eye on quality, quality standards, and client's requirements.

来源: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)

许可: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)

查看原文

ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.

法国职业分类关联（ROME）

本职业与 ROME 4.0 职业条目（fiche）之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。标为「暂定」的关联仅凭同一模型系列（Claude）两位判定者的判定采纳，或对其判定适用运营方规则后采纳，因此其依据弱于已确认的关联。

ROME 代码ROME 名称（法语）关系
F1120Economiste de la construction本职业范围更宽暂定
F1108Métreur / Métreuse de la construction有重叠，但不相同暂定
F1106Ingénieur / Ingénieure d'études de prix BTP相关，但不对应暂定
F1135Chargé / Chargée d'affaires BTP相关，但不对应暂定

Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.

ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)

西班牙职业分类关联（CNO-11）

本职业与 CNO-11 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。

CNO-11 代码CNO-11 名称（西班牙语）关系
2611Especialistas en contabilidad有重叠，但不相同暂定
3129Otros técnicos de las ciencias físicas, químicas, medioambientales y de las ingenierías相关，但不对应暂定

Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)

德国职业分类关联（KldB）

本职业与 KldB 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。

KldB 代码KldB 名称（德语）关系
31173Berufe in der Bauabrechnung und -kalkulation - komplexe Spezialistentätigkeiten有重叠，但不相同
72223Berufe in Kostenrechnung und Kalkulation - komplexe Spezialistentätigkeiten有重叠，但不相同
31174Berufe in der Bauabrechnung und -kalkulation - hoch komplexe Tätigkeiten相关，但不对应暂定

Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)

日本职业分类关联（JSCO）

本职业与 JSCO 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。

JSCO 代码JSCO 名称（日语）关系
269その他の会計事務従事者有重叠，但不相同暂定
091建築技術者相关，但不对应
092土木技術者相关，但不对应

Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)

本页数据的来源与许可，以及 AI Changing Work 的修改与翻译说明：致谢与来源