Computer Systems Engineers/Architects
Computer and Mathematical Occupations- O*NET-SOC 代码
- 15-1299.08
Design and develop solutions to complex applications problems, system administration issues, or network concerns. Perform systems management and integration functions.
- 数据来源: BLS发布时间: 2026-08
很高· 相对
低四级相对区间很高职业群单位数值
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
四级相对类别（低 / 中等 / 高 / 很高）
以BLS就业预测表中831个细分职业为基数。取值按 NEM（全国就业矩阵）代码给定，因此共用同一 NEM 代码的职业得到相同分档
- 数据来源: Anthropic发布时间: 2026-03
0.311
0.000此处所载数值的范围0.745职业群单位数值
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
- 数据来源: ILO发布时间: 2025
0.43–0.55· ISCO-08 职业组 3 个
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
生成式AI暴露度指数，按发布原值0–1
按 ISCO-08 细类（4 位）发布的数值。按原样应用美国劳工统计局（BLS）的官方对照表（ISCO-08→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→2018 SOC）关联到本职业，对应关系为全部或部分对应
该来源发布的是什么性质的数值
BLS的类别是相对排位而非绝对水平，也不是一手测量：它把多项已发表研究给出的职业百分位排名归并为四个等级。它不是就业或工资预测，不是采用概率，也不区分自动化与增强。
各关联 ISCO-08 职业组的 ILO 数值
- ISCO-08 2519Software and Applications Developers and Analysts Not Elsewhere Classified0.55
- ISCO-08 2529Database and Network Professionals Not Elsewhere Classified0.49
- ISCO-08 3511Information and Communications Technology Operations Technicians0.43
Task-level exposure
显示隐藏的 10 项工作已评分任务 28 项 · β ≥ 0.5 的任务 28 项（100.0%）
β = 直接暴露（E1）+ 0.5 × 借助工具时的暴露（E2），依据原始代码库的定义。
- 原始单位：O*NET 27.2 任务 → O*NET 31.0 职业代码
- 所有已评分任务均在 O*NET 31.0 任务列表中。
- 来源
- OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
- 版本
- gh-main-0471612
- 许可
- MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI
以下为 O*NET-SOC 2010 职业 15-1199.02 Computer Systems Engineers/Architects 的工作任务，由本站依据 O*NET-SOC 2010→2019 官方对照表关联到此职业
| Task (O*NET 20.1) | Claude.aiRaw / share % | APIRaw / share % |
|---|---|---|
Configure servers to meet functional specifications.15-1199.02 | 0.166121.7 | 0.153810.5 |
Provide technical guidance or support for the development or troubleshooting of systems.15-1199.02 | 0.153220.0 | 0.01481.0 |
Develop application-specific software.15-1199.02 | 0.126716.5 | 0.160310.9 |
Complete models and simulations, using manual or automated tools, to analyze or predict system performance under different operating conditions.15-1199.02 | 0.126216.5 | 0.03212.2 |
Perform security analyses of developed or packaged software components.15-1199.02 | 0.06909.0 | 1.050071.7 |
Develop system engineering, software engineering, system integration, or distributed system architectures.15-1199.02 | 0.02893.8 | 0.00650.4 |
Provide guidelines for implementing secure systems to customers or installation teams.15-1199.02 | 0.02503.3 | 0.00610.4 |
Perform ongoing hardware and software maintenance operations, including installing or upgrading hardware or software.15-1199.02 | 0.01712.2 | 0.01080.7 |
Provide advice on project costs, design concepts, or design changes.15-1199.02 | 0.01221.6 | 0.00150.1 |
Identify system data, hardware, or software components required to meet user needs.15-1199.02 | 0.01081.4 | 0.01030.7 |
Evaluate existing systems to determine effectiveness and suggest changes to meet organizational requirements.15-1199.02 | 0.00771.0 | 0.00510.4 |
Document design specifications, installation instructions, and other system-related information.15-1199.02 | 0.00690.9 | 0.00410.3 |
Verify stability, interoperability, portability, security, or scalability of system architecture.15-1199.02 | 0.00520.7 | 0.00370.3 |
Collaborate with engineers or software developers to select appropriate design solutions or ensure the compatibility of system components.15-1199.02 | 0.00460.6 | 0.00210.1 |
Evaluate current or emerging technologies to consider factors such as cost, portability, compatibility, or usability.15-1199.02 | 0.00240.3 | —0 |
Develop or approve project plans, schedules, or budgets.15-1199.02 | 0.00210.3 | —0 |
Communicate with staff or clients to understand specific system requirements.15-1199.02 | 0.00200.3 | 0.00200.1 |
Define and analyze objectives, scope, issues, or organizational impact of information systems. | —0 | 0.00210.1 |
Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.
| Task (O*NET 27.2) | βE1 + 0.5 × E2 |
|---|---|
Document design specifications, installation instructions, and other system-related information.O*NET Task ID 14668 | 1.0 |
Verify stability, interoperability, portability, security, or scalability of system architecture.O*NET Task ID 14669 | 1.0 |
Collaborate with engineers or software developers to select appropriate design solutions or ensure the compatibility of system components.O*NET Task ID 14670 | 1.0 |
Provide technical guidance or support for the development or troubleshooting of systems.O*NET Task ID 14672 | 1.0 |
Provide customers or installation teams guidelines for implementing secure systems.O*NET Task ID 14674 | 1.0 |
Investigate system component suitability for specified purposes, and make recommendations regarding component use.O*NET Task ID 14677 | 1.0 |
Perform ongoing hardware and software maintenance operations, including installing or upgrading hardware or software.O*NET Task ID 14678 | 1.0 |
Configure servers to meet functional specifications.O*NET Task ID 14679 | 1.0 |
Develop system engineering, software engineering, system integration, or distributed system architectures.O*NET Task ID 14682 | 1.0 |
Design and conduct hardware or software tests.O*NET Task ID 14683 | 1.0 |
Establish functional or system standards to address operational requirements, quality requirements, and design constraints.O*NET Task ID 14684 | 1.0 |
Research, test, or verify proper functioning of software patches and fixes.O*NET Task ID 14686 | 1.0 |
Communicate project information through presentations, technical reports, or white papers.O*NET Task ID 14687 | 1.0 |
Develop application-specific software.O*NET Task ID 14692 | 1.0 |
Develop efficient and effective system controllers.O*NET Task ID 14693 | 1.0 |
Communicate with staff or clients to understand specific system requirements.O*NET Task ID 14666 | 0.5 |
Provide advice on project costs, design concepts, or design changes.O*NET Task ID 14667 | 0.5 |
Evaluate current or emerging technologies to consider factors such as cost, portability, compatibility, or usability.O*NET Task ID 14671 | 0.5 |
Identify system data, hardware, or software components required to meet user needs.O*NET Task ID 14673 | 0.5 |
Monitor system operation to detect potential problems.O*NET Task ID 14675 | 0.5 |
Direct the analysis, development, and operation of complete computer systems.O*NET Task ID 14676 | 0.5 |
Develop or approve project plans, schedules, or budgets.O*NET Task ID 14680 | 0.5 |
Define and analyze objectives, scope, issues, or organizational impact of information systems.O*NET Task ID 14681 | 0.5 |
Evaluate existing systems to determine effectiveness, and suggest changes to meet organizational requirements.O*NET Task ID 14685 | 0.5 |
Complete models and simulations, using manual or automated tools, to analyze or predict system performance under different operating conditions.O*NET Task ID 14688 | 0.5 |
Direct the installation of operating systems, network or application software, or computer or network hardware.O*NET Task ID 14689 | 0.5 |
Train system users in system operation or maintenance.O*NET Task ID 14690 | 0.5 |
Perform security analyses of developed or packaged software components.O*NET Task ID 14691 | 0.5 |
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page
O*NET 31.0 全部任务（28 项）
本职业在 O*NET 31.0 中的全部任务（英文原文；任务类型为核心或补充）。暴露值不列在此清单中，而在上方表格里，位于各来源所用 O*NET 版本的任务表述旁。
| 任务（O*NET 31.0） | 类型 |
|---|---|
| Communicate with staff or clients to understand specific system requirements. | 核心 |
| Provide advice on project costs, design concepts, or design changes. | 核心 |
| Document design specifications, installation instructions, and other system-related information. | 核心 |
| Verify stability, interoperability, portability, security, or scalability of system architecture. | 核心 |
| Collaborate with engineers or software developers to select appropriate design solutions or ensure the compatibility of system components. | 核心 |
| Evaluate current or emerging technologies to consider factors such as cost, portability, compatibility, or usability. | 核心 |
| Provide technical guidance or support for the development or troubleshooting of systems. | 核心 |
| Identify system data, hardware, or software components required to meet user needs. | 核心 |
| Provide customers or installation teams guidelines for implementing secure systems. | 核心 |
| Monitor system operation to detect potential problems. | 核心 |
| Direct the analysis, development, and operation of complete computer systems. | 核心 |
| Investigate system component suitability for specified purposes, and make recommendations regarding component use. | 核心 |
| Perform ongoing hardware and software maintenance operations, including installing or upgrading hardware or software. | 核心 |
| Configure servers to meet functional specifications. | 核心 |
| Develop or approve project plans, schedules, or budgets. | 核心 |
| Define and analyze objectives, scope, issues, or organizational impact of information systems. | 核心 |
| Develop system engineering, software engineering, system integration, or distributed system architectures. | 核心 |
| Design and conduct hardware or software tests. | 核心 |
| Establish functional or system standards to address operational requirements, quality requirements, and design constraints. | 核心 |
| Evaluate existing systems to determine effectiveness, and suggest changes to meet organizational requirements. | 核心 |
| Research, test, or verify proper functioning of software patches and fixes. | 核心 |
| Communicate project information through presentations, technical reports, or white papers. | 核心 |
| Complete models and simulations, using manual or automated tools, to analyze or predict system performance under different operating conditions. | 核心 |
| Direct the installation of operating systems, network or application software, or computer or network hardware. | 核心 |
| Train system users in system operation or maintenance. | 核心 |
| Perform security analyses of developed or packaged software components. | 核心 |
| Develop efficient and effective system controllers. | 核心 |
| Develop application-specific software. | 补充 |
0.04/ 3· 机器人暴露指数
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
对每项体力任务，按已实际部署、销售或演示的机器人能够完成它的环境评定 0–3 级（0 不可 · 1 围栏式机器单元、灌装线等机器人专用设施 · 2 医院药房、集装箱港口等受管理的设施 · 3 私人住宅、建筑工地等非结构化环境），再按工作时间占比求平均
以该职业 O*NET 29.3 任务中的体力任务为准
等级与时间占比由 Anthropic 使用 Claude Opus 5（网络搜索）估算（截至 2026 年）。
机器人暴露指数与本站的 AI 暴露度是不同的指标，不能相加或相互比较。该指数不代表实际采用情况或成本竞争力，0 也包括没有体力任务的职业。
每项体力任务的等级
机器人环境等级（E0–E3）
E0 机器人不可详情
评定为已实际部署、销售或演示的机器人即使在机器人专用设施中也无法完成
E1 机器人专用设施详情
评定为可在围绕机器搭建的设施中完成，例如围栏式机器单元或灌装线
E2 受管理的设施详情
评定为可在由机构按工作标准维护的人类工作设施中完成，例如医院药房或集装箱港口
E3 非结构化环境详情
评定为可在没有机构按工作标准维护的环境中完成，例如私人住宅或建筑工地
仅列出被归类为体力任务的任务；其他任务在来源中没有等级。
| 任务（O*NET 29.3） | 机器人环境等级 |
|---|---|
| Perform ongoing hardware and software maintenance operations, including installing or upgrading hardware or software. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
职业信息
就业展望（BLS）
这些数值属于整个 SOC 15-1299 组（Computer occupations, all other），并非仅属于该 O*NET 职业。
- 就业人数，2025
- 471K
- 预计就业人数，2035
- 495K
- 变化 (2025–35)
- +5.1%
- 年薪中位数，2025
- $116,580
- 入职通常所需学历
- Bachelor's degree
韩国职业分类关联（KSCO）
来自 AI Changing Work 制作的 Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1 当前版本的关联。关系值从 O*NET-SOC 职业一侧解读。
| KSCO 代码 | KSCO 名称 | 关系 | 状态 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 22213 | 컴퓨터 시스템 설계 및 분석가 | 范围相同 | 已确认 |
| 22211 | 정보통신기술 컨설턴트 | 相关，但不对应 | 已确认 |
关系与状态的定义(kr-direct v1.1)
国际劳工组织（ILO）职业说明
以下 ISCO-08 职业组由 AI Changing Work 原样套用美国劳工统计局（BLS）发布的对照表（2018 SOC→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→ISCO-08）、不逐案取舍，与本职业相关联；每项关联可能是完全对应，也可能是部分对应。
- ISCO-08 2519Software and Applications Developers and Analysts Not Elsewhere Classified
其他未列明的软件和应用开发人员及分析师
- ISCO-08 2529Database and Network Professionals Not Elsewhere Classified
其他未列明的数据库和网络专业人员
- ISCO-08 3511Information and Communications Technology Operations Technicians
信息和通信技术运行技术员
自行翻译
自行翻译 · 非 ISCO 官方词汇 — 未经国际劳工组织审核。
Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits
ESCO 职业词汇
以下每一项都是在已公开的ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk（第 1 版，2022 年）中与本职业逐项对应的。对应类型出自该对照表；表述出自 AI Changing Work。
- ICT system architectESCO 2511.13范围相同
ICT system architects design architecture, components, modules, interfaces, and data for a multi-components system to meet specified requirements.
- enterprise architectESCO 2511.5本职业范围更宽
Enterprise architects balance technological opportunities with business requirements. They also maintain a holistic view of the organisation's strategy, processes, information and ICT assets and link the business mission, strategy and processes to the ICT strategy.
- ICT network engineerESCO 2523.3本职业范围更宽
ICT network engineers implement, maintain and support computer networks. They also perform network modelling, analysis, and planning. They may also design network and computer security measures. They may research and recommend network and data communications hardware and software.
- integration engineerESCO 2511.16本职业范围更宽
Integration engineers develop and implement solutions which coordinate applications across the enterprise or its units and departments. They evaluate existing components or systems to determine integration requirements and ensure that the final solutions meet organisational needs. They reuse components when possible and assist management in taking decisions. They perform ICT system integration troubleshooting.
- software architectESCO 2512.2本职业范围更宽
Software architects create the technical design and the functional model of a software system, based on functional specifications. They also design the architecture of the system or different modules and components related to the business' or customer requirements, technical platform, computer language or development environment.
来源: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)
许可: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)
ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.
法国职业分类关联（ROME）
本职业与 ROME 4.0 职业条目（fiche）之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。标为「暂定」的关联仅凭同一模型系列（Claude）两位判定者的判定采纳，或对其判定适用运营方规则后采纳，因此其依据弱于已确认的关联。
| ROME 代码 | ROME 名称（法语） | 关系 |
|---|---|---|
| M1857 | Urbaniste Datacenter | 本职业范围更宽 |
| M1884 | Ingénieur / Ingénieure systèmes, réseaux et sécurité informatique | 本职业范围更宽 |
| M1835 | Architecte systèmes et réseaux des territoires connectés | 本职业范围更宽暂定 |
| M1838 | Urbaniste des systèmes d'information | 本职业范围更宽暂定 |
| M1839 | Architecte systèmes et réseaux | 本职业范围更宽暂定 |
| M1860 | Architecte cloud | 本职业范围更宽暂定 |
| M1879 | Ingénieur / Ingénieure Cloud computing | 本职业范围更宽暂定 |
| M1802 | Expert / Experte systèmes et réseaux informatiques | 有重叠，但不相同暂定 |
| M1850 | Architecte multimédias interactifs | 相关，但不对应暂定 |
Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.
ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)
西班牙职业分类关联（CNO-11）
本职业与 CNO-11 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。
| CNO-11 代码 | CNO-11 名称（西班牙语） | 关系 |
|---|---|---|
| 2711 | Analistas de sistemas | 本职业范围更窄暂定 |
| 2723 | Analistas de redes informáticas | 相关，但不对应暂定 |
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)
德国职业分类关联（KldB）
本职业与 KldB 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。
| KldB 代码 | KldB 名称（德语） | 关系 |
|---|---|---|
| 43214 | Berufe in der IT-Systemanalyse - hoch komplexe Tätigkeiten | 有重叠，但不相同 |
| 43414 | Berufe in der Softwareentwicklung - hoch komplexe Tätigkeiten | 有重叠，但不相同 |
| 43314 | Berufe in der IT-Netzwerktechnik - hoch komplexe Tätigkeiten | 相关，但不对应 |
Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)
日本职业分类关联（JSCO）
本职业与 JSCO 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。
| JSCO 代码 | JSCO 名称（日语） | 关系 |
|---|---|---|
| 102 | システム設計者 | 本职业范围更窄暂定 |
| 105 | システム運用管理者 | 相关，但不对应暂定 |
Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)
本页数据的来源与许可，以及 AI Changing Work 的修改与翻译说明：致谢与来源