Nanosystems Engineers
Architecture and Engineering Occupations- O*NET-SOC 代码
- 17-2199.09
Design, develop, or supervise the production of materials, devices, or systems of unique molecular or macromolecular composition, applying principles of nanoscale physics and electrical, chemical, or biological engineering.
- 数据来源: BLS发布时间: 2026-08
很高· 相对
低四级相对区间很高职业群单位数值
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
四级相对类别（低 / 中等 / 高 / 很高）
以BLS就业预测表中831个细分职业为基数。取值按 NEM（全国就业矩阵）代码给定，因此共用同一 NEM 代码的职业得到相同分档
- 数据来源: Anthropic发布时间: 2026-03
0.066
0.000此处所载数值的范围0.745职业群单位数值
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
- 数据来源: ILO发布时间: 2025
0.30
0.09此处所载数值的范围0.70职业群单位数值
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
生成式AI暴露度指数，按发布原值0–1
按 ISCO-08 细类（4 位）发布的数值。按原样应用美国劳工统计局（BLS）的官方对照表（ISCO-08→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→2018 SOC）关联到本职业，对应关系为全部或部分对应
该来源发布的是什么性质的数值
BLS的类别是相对排位而非绝对水平，也不是一手测量：它把多项已发表研究给出的职业百分位排名归并为四个等级。它不是就业或工资预测，不是采用概率，也不区分自动化与增强。
Task-level exposure
显示隐藏的 18 项工作已评分任务 25 项 · β ≥ 0.5 的任务 23 项（92.0%）
β = 直接暴露（E1）+ 0.5 × 借助工具时的暴露（E2），依据原始代码库的定义。
- 原始单位：O*NET 27.2 任务 → O*NET 31.0 职业代码
- 所有已评分任务均在 O*NET 31.0 任务列表中。
- 来源
- OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
- 版本
- gh-main-0471612
- 许可
- MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI
| Task (O*NET 20.1) | Claude.aiRaw / share % |
|---|---|
Write proposals to secure external funding or to partner with other companies.17-2199.09 | 0.021031.3 |
Prepare reports, deliver presentations, or participate in program review activities to communicate engineering results or recommendations.17-2199.09 | 0.015523.1 |
Provide scientific or technical guidance or expertise to scientists, engineers, technologists, technicians, or others, using knowledge of chemical, analytical, or biological processes as applied to micro and nanoscale systems.17-2199.09 | 0.011216.7 |
Provide technical guidance or support to customers on topics such as nanosystem start-up, maintenance, or use.17-2199.09 | 0.010715.9 |
Integrate nanotechnology with antimicrobial properties into products, such as household or medical appliances, to reduce the development of bacteria or other microbes.17-2199.09 | 0.00406.0 |
Conduct research related to a range of nanotechnology topics, such as packaging, heat transfer, fluorescence detection, nanoparticle dispersion, hybrid systems, liquid systems, nanocomposites, nanofabrication, optoelectronics, or nanolithography.17-2199.09 | 0.00253.7 |
Apply nanotechnology to improve the performance or reduce the environmental impact of energy products, such as fuel cells or solar cells.17-2199.09 | 0.00223.3 |
Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.
| Task (O*NET 27.2) | βE1 + 0.5 × E2 |
|---|---|
Write proposals to secure external funding or to partner with other companies.O*NET Task ID 16531 | 1.0 |
Prepare reports, deliver presentations, or participate in program review activities to communicate engineering results or recommendations.O*NET Task ID 16537 | 1.0 |
Prepare nanotechnology-related invention disclosures or patent applications.O*NET Task ID 16538 | 1.0 |
Conduct research related to a range of nanotechnology topics, such as packaging, heat transfer, fluorescence detection, nanoparticle dispersion, hybrid systems, liquid systems, nanocomposites, nanofabrication, optoelectronics, or nanolithography.O*NET Task ID 16546 | 1.0 |
Develop catalysis or other green chemistry methods to synthesize nanomaterials, such as nanotubes, nanocrystals, nanorods, or nanowires.O*NET Task ID 19674 | 1.0 |
Develop green building nanocoatings, such as self-cleaning, anti-stain, depolluting, anti-fogging, anti-icing, antimicrobial, moisture-resistant, or ultraviolet protectant coatings.O*NET Task ID 19675 | 1.0 |
Reengineer nanomaterials to improve biodegradability.O*NET Task ID 19677 | 1.0 |
Supervise technologists or technicians engaged in nanotechnology research or production.O*NET Task ID 16532 | 0.5 |
Identify new applications for existing nanotechnologies.O*NET Task ID 16534 | 0.5 |
Provide technical guidance or support to customers on topics such as nanosystem start-up, maintenance, or use.O*NET Task ID 16535 | 0.5 |
Generate high-resolution images or measure force-distance curves, using techniques such as atomic force microscopy.O*NET Task ID 16536 | 0.5 |
Develop processes or identify equipment needed for pilot or commercial nanoscale scale production.O*NET Task ID 16539 | 0.5 |
Provide scientific or technical guidance or expertise to scientists, engineers, technologists, technicians, or others, using knowledge of chemical, analytical, or biological processes as applied to micro and nanoscale systems.O*NET Task ID 16540 | 0.5 |
Design or conduct tests of new nanotechnology products, processes, or systems.O*NET Task ID 16542 | 0.5 |
Coordinate or supervise the work of suppliers or vendors in the designing, building, or testing of nanosystem devices, such as lenses or probes.O*NET Task ID 16543 | 0.5 |
Design or engineer nanomaterials, nanodevices, nano-enabled products, or nanosystems, using three-dimensional computer-aided design (CAD) software.O*NET Task ID 16544 | 0.5 |
Create designs or prototypes for nanosystem applications, such as biomedical delivery systems or atomic force microscopes.O*NET Task ID 16545 | 0.5 |
Apply nanotechnology to improve the performance or reduce the environmental impact of energy products, such as fuel cells or solar cells.O*NET Task ID 19669 | 0.5 |
Design nano-based manufacturing processes to minimize water, chemical, or energy use, as well as to reduce waste production.O*NET Task ID 19670 | 0.5 |
Design nano-enabled products with reduced toxicity, increased durability, or improved energy efficiency.O*NET Task ID 19671 | 0.5 |
Design nanoparticle catalysts to detect or remove chemical or other pollutants from water, soil, or air.O*NET Task ID 19672 | 0.5 |
Design nanosystems with components such as nanocatalysts or nanofiltration devices to clean specific pollutants from hazardous waste sites.O*NET Task ID 19673 | 0.5 |
Integrate nanotechnology with antimicrobial properties into products, such as household or medical appliances, to reduce the development of bacteria or other microbes.O*NET Task ID 19676 | 0.5 |
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page
O*NET 31.0 全部任务（25 项）
本职业在 O*NET 31.0 中的全部任务（英文原文；任务类型为核心或补充）。暴露值不列在此清单中，而在上方表格里，位于各来源所用 O*NET 版本的任务表述旁。
| 任务（O*NET 31.0） | 类型 |
|---|---|
| Write proposals to secure external funding or to partner with other companies. | 核心 |
| Supervise technologists or technicians engaged in nanotechnology research or production. | 核心 |
| Synthesize, process, or characterize nanomaterials, using advanced tools or techniques. | 核心 |
| Identify new applications for existing nanotechnologies. | 核心 |
| Provide technical guidance or support to customers on topics such as nanosystem start-up, maintenance, or use. | 核心 |
| Generate high-resolution images or measure force-distance curves, using techniques such as atomic force microscopy. | 核心 |
| Prepare reports, deliver presentations, or participate in program review activities to communicate engineering results or recommendations. | 核心 |
| Develop processes or identify equipment needed for pilot or commercial nanoscale scale production. | 核心 |
| Provide scientific or technical guidance or expertise to scientists, engineers, technologists, technicians, or others, using knowledge of chemical, analytical, or biological processes as applied to micro and nanoscale systems. | 核心 |
| Engineer production processes for specific nanotechnology applications, such as electroplating, nanofabrication, or epoxy. | 核心 |
| Design or conduct tests of new nanotechnology products, processes, or systems. | 核心 |
| Coordinate or supervise the work of suppliers or vendors in the designing, building, or testing of nanosystem devices, such as lenses or probes. | 核心 |
| Design or engineer nanomaterials, nanodevices, nano-enabled products, or nanosystems, using three-dimensional computer-aided design (CAD) software. | 核心 |
| Create designs or prototypes for nanosystem applications, such as biomedical delivery systems or atomic force microscopes. | 核心 |
| Conduct research related to a range of nanotechnology topics, such as packaging, heat transfer, fluorescence detection, nanoparticle dispersion, hybrid systems, liquid systems, nanocomposites, nanofabrication, optoelectronics, or nanolithography. | 核心 |
| Apply nanotechnology to improve the performance or reduce the environmental impact of energy products, such as fuel cells or solar cells. | 核心 |
| Design nano-enabled products with reduced toxicity, increased durability, or improved energy efficiency. | 核心 |
| Prepare nanotechnology-related invention disclosures or patent applications. | 补充 |
| Design nano-based manufacturing processes to minimize water, chemical, or energy use, as well as to reduce waste production. | 补充 |
| Design nanoparticle catalysts to detect or remove chemical or other pollutants from water, soil, or air. | 补充 |
| Design nanosystems with components such as nanocatalysts or nanofiltration devices to clean specific pollutants from hazardous waste sites. | 补充 |
| Develop catalysis or other green chemistry methods to synthesize nanomaterials, such as nanotubes, nanocrystals, nanorods, or nanowires. | 补充 |
| Develop green building nanocoatings, such as self-cleaning, anti-stain, depolluting, anti-fogging, anti-icing, antimicrobial, moisture-resistant, or ultraviolet protectant coatings. | 补充 |
| Integrate nanotechnology with antimicrobial properties into products, such as household or medical appliances, to reduce the development of bacteria or other microbes. | 补充 |
| Reengineer nanomaterials to improve biodegradability. | 补充 |
0.54/ 3· 机器人暴露指数
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
对每项体力任务，按已实际部署、销售或演示的机器人能够完成它的环境评定 0–3 级（0 不可 · 1 围栏式机器单元、灌装线等机器人专用设施 · 2 医院药房、集装箱港口等受管理的设施 · 3 私人住宅、建筑工地等非结构化环境），再按工作时间占比求平均
以该职业 O*NET 29.3 任务中的体力任务为准
等级与时间占比由 Anthropic 使用 Claude Opus 5（网络搜索）估算（截至 2026 年）。
机器人暴露指数与本站的 AI 暴露度是不同的指标，不能相加或相互比较。该指数不代表实际采用情况或成本竞争力，0 也包括没有体力任务的职业。
每项体力任务的等级
机器人环境等级（E0–E3）
E0 机器人不可详情
评定为已实际部署、销售或演示的机器人即使在机器人专用设施中也无法完成
E1 机器人专用设施详情
评定为可在围绕机器搭建的设施中完成，例如围栏式机器单元或灌装线
E2 受管理的设施详情
评定为可在由机构按工作标准维护的人类工作设施中完成，例如医院药房或集装箱港口
E3 非结构化环境详情
评定为可在没有机构按工作标准维护的环境中完成，例如私人住宅或建筑工地
仅列出被归类为体力任务的任务；其他任务在来源中没有等级。
| 任务（O*NET 29.3） | 机器人环境等级 |
|---|---|
| Synthesize, process, or characterize nanomaterials, using advanced tools or techniques. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Generate high-resolution images or measure force-distance curves, using techniques such as atomic force microscopy. | E2 受管理的设施 |
| Engineer production processes for specific nanotechnology applications, such as electroplating, nanofabrication, or epoxy. | E0 机器人不可 |
| Design or conduct tests of new nanotechnology products, processes, or systems. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Create designs or prototypes for nanosystem applications, such as biomedical delivery systems or atomic force microscopes. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Conduct research related to a range of nanotechnology topics, such as packaging, heat transfer, fluorescence detection, nanoparticle dispersion, hybrid systems, liquid systems, nanocomposites, nanofabrication, optoelectronics, or nanolithography. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Apply nanotechnology to improve the performance or reduce the environmental impact of energy products, such as fuel cells or solar cells. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Develop catalysis or other green chemistry methods to synthesize nanomaterials, such as nanotubes, nanocrystals, nanorods, or nanowires. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Develop green building nanocoatings, such as self-cleaning, anti-stain, depolluting, anti-fogging, anti-icing, antimicrobial, moisture-resistant, or ultraviolet protectant coatings. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Integrate nanotechnology with antimicrobial properties into products, such as household or medical appliances, to reduce the development of bacteria or other microbes. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Reengineer nanomaterials to improve biodegradability. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
职业信息
就业展望（BLS）
这些数值属于整个 SOC 17-2199 组（Engineers, all other），并非仅属于该 O*NET 职业。
- 就业人数，2025
- 167K
- 预计就业人数，2035
- 173K
- 变化 (2025–35)
- +3.7%
- 年薪中位数，2025
- $122,930
- 入职通常所需学历
- Bachelor's degree
韩国职业分类关联（KSCO）
来自 AI Changing Work 制作的 Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1 当前版本的关联。关系值从 O*NET-SOC 职业一侧解读。
| KSCO 代码 | KSCO 名称 | 关系 | 状态 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 23319 | 그 외 금속‧재료공학 기술자 및 연구원 | 相关，但不对应 | 已确认 |
关系与状态的定义(kr-direct v1.1)
国际劳工组织（ILO）职业说明
以下 ISCO-08 职业组由 AI Changing Work 原样套用美国劳工统计局（BLS）发布的对照表（2018 SOC→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→ISCO-08）、不逐案取舍，与本职业相关联；每项关联可能是完全对应，也可能是部分对应。
- ISCO-08 2149Engineering Professionals Not Elsewhere Classified
其他未列明的工程专业人员
自行翻译
自行翻译 · 非 ISCO 官方词汇 — 未经国际劳工组织审核。
以下定义、任务和职业示例是 ILO 对该 ISCO-08 职业组的描述，而不是对本职业的描述。
This unit group covers engineering professionals not classified elsewhere in Minor Group 214: Engineering Professionals (excluding Electrotechnology) or in Minor Group 215: Electrotechnology Engineers. For instance, the group includes those who conduct research and advise on or develop engineering procedures and solutions concerning workplace safety, biomedical engineering, optics, materials, nuclear power generation and explosives.
任务
- In such cases tasks would include -
- (a) applying knowledge of engineering to the design, development and evaluation of biological and health systems and products such as artificial organs, prostheses and instrumentation;
- (b) designing devices used in various medical procedures and imaging systems such as magnetic resonance imaging, and devices for automating insulin injections or controlling body functions;
- (c) designing components of optical instruments such as lenses, microscopes, telescopes, lasers, optical disc systems and other equipment that utilize the properties of light;
- (d) designing, testing, and coordinating the development of explosive ordnance material to meet military procurement specifications;
- (e) designing and overseeing construction and operation of nuclear reactors and power plants and nuclear fuels reprocessing and reclamation systems;
- (f) designing and developing nuclear equipment such as reactor cores, radiation shielding and associated instrumentation and control mechanisms;
- (g) assessing damage and providing calculations for marine salvage operations;
- (h) studying and advising on engineering aspects of particular manufacturing processes, such as those related to glass, ceramics, textiles, leather products, wood and printing;
- (i) identifying potential hazards and introducing safety procedures and devices.
职业示例
Biomedical engineer · Explosive ordnance engineer · Marine salvage engineer · Materials engineer · Nuclear power generation engineer · Optical engineer · Quantity surveyor · Safety engineer
Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits
ESCO 职业词汇
以下每一项都是在已公开的ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk（第 1 版，2022 年）中与本职业逐项对应的。对应类型出自该对照表；表述出自 AI Changing Work。
- nanoengineerESCO 2149.9.1范围相同
Nanoengineers combine the scientific knowledge of atomic and molecular particles with engineering principles for applications in a varied array of fields. They apply findings in chemistry, biology, and materials engineering, etc. They use technological knowledge for the improvement of existing applications or the creation of micro objects.
来源: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)
许可: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)
ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.
法国职业分类关联（ROME）
本职业与 ROME 4.0 职业条目（fiche）之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。标为「暂定」的关联仅凭同一模型系列（Claude）两位判定者的判定采纳，或对其判定适用运营方规则后采纳，因此其依据弱于已确认的关联。
| ROME 代码 | ROME 名称（法语） | 关系 |
|---|---|---|
| H1206 | Ingénieur / Ingénieure R&D en industrie | 本职业范围更窄暂定 |
| K2402 | Ingénieur / Ingénieure de recherche scientifique | 相关，但不对应暂定 |
Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.
ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)
西班牙职业分类关联（CNO-11）
本职业与 CNO-11 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。
| CNO-11 代码 | CNO-11 名称（西班牙语） | 关系 |
|---|---|---|
| 2439 | Ingenieros no clasificados bajo otros epígrafes | 本职业范围更窄暂定 |
| 2469 | Ingenieros técnicos no clasificados bajo otros epígrafes | 相关，但不对应暂定 |
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)
德国职业分类关联（KldB）
本职业与 KldB 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。
| KldB 代码 | KldB 名称（德语） | 关系 |
|---|---|---|
| 26324 | Berufe in der Mikrosystemtechnik - hoch komplexe Tätigkeiten | 本职业范围更窄 |
Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)
日本职业分类关联（JSCO）
本职业与 JSCO 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。
| JSCO 代码 | JSCO 名称（日语） | 关系 |
|---|---|---|
| 051 | 自然科学系研究者 | 相关，但不对应 |
| 072 | 電気・電子・電気通信技術者（通信ネットワーク技術者を除く）（開発） | 相关，但不对应 |
| 079 | その他の製造技術者（開発） | 相关，但不对应 |
Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)
本页数据的来源与许可，以及 AI Changing Work 的修改与翻译说明：致谢与来源