- O*NET-SOC 代码
- 19-3093.00
Research, analyze, record, and interpret the past as recorded in sources, such as government and institutional records, newspapers and other periodicals, photographs, interviews, films, electronic media, and unpublished manuscripts, such as personal diaries and letters.
- 数据来源: BLS发布时间: 2026-08
很高· 相对
低四级相对区间很高职业群单位数值
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
四级相对类别（低 / 中等 / 高 / 很高）
以BLS就业预测表中831个细分职业为基数。取值按 NEM（全国就业矩阵）代码给定，因此共用同一 NEM 代码的职业得到相同分档
- 数据来源: Anthropic发布时间: 2026-03
0.028
0.000此处所载数值的范围0.745尺度 · 母数 · 来源
- 数据来源: ILO发布时间: 2025
0.47
0.09此处所载数值的范围0.70职业群单位数值
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
生成式AI暴露度指数，按发布原值0–1
按 ISCO-08 细类（4 位）发布的数值。按原样应用美国劳工统计局（BLS）的官方对照表（ISCO-08→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→2018 SOC）关联到本职业，对应关系为全部或部分对应
该来源发布的是什么性质的数值
BLS的类别是相对排位而非绝对水平，也不是一手测量：它把多项已发表研究给出的职业百分位排名归并为四个等级。它不是就业或工资预测，不是采用概率，也不区分自动化与增强。
Task-level exposure
显示隐藏的 2 项工作已评分任务 21 项 · β ≥ 0.5 的任务 18 项（85.7%）
β = 直接暴露（E1）+ 0.5 × 借助工具时的暴露（E2），依据原始代码库的定义。
- 原始单位：O*NET 27.2 任务 → O*NET 31.0 职业代码
- 所有已评分任务均在 O*NET 31.0 任务列表中。
- 来源
- OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
- 版本
- gh-main-0471612
- 许可
- MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI
| Task (O*NET 20.1) | Claude.aiRaw / share % |
|---|---|
Organize information for publication and for other means of dissemination, such as use in CD-ROMs or Internet sites.19-3093.00 | 0.179936.5 |
Research the history of a particular country or region, or of a specific time period.19-3093.00 | 0.053310.8 |
Gather historical data from sources such as archives, court records, diaries, news files, and photographs, as well as collect data sources such as books, pamphlets, and periodicals.19-3093.00 | 0.03847.8 |
Trace historical development in a particular field, such as social, cultural, political, or diplomatic history.19-3093.00 | 0.03847.8 |
Research and prepare manuscripts in support of public programming and the development of exhibits at historic sites, museums, libraries, and archives.19-3093.00 | 0.03627.3 |
Teach and conduct research in colleges, universities, museums, and other research agencies and schools.19-3093.00 | 0.02625.3 |
Conduct historical research as a basis for the identification, conservation, and reconstruction of historic places and materials.19-3093.00 | 0.02414.9 |
Conduct historical research, and publish or present findings and theories.19-3093.00 | 0.01593.2 |
Organize data, and analyze and interpret its authenticity and relative significance.19-3093.00 | 0.01583.2 |
Advise or consult with individuals and institutions regarding issues such as the historical authenticity of materials or the customs of a specific historical period.19-3093.00 | 0.01162.3 |
Recommend actions related to historical art, such as which items to add to a collection or which items to display in an exhibit.19-3093.00 | 0.01122.3 |
Determine which topics to research, or pursue research topics specified by clients or employers.19-3093.00 | 0.00982.0 |
Speak to various groups, organizations, and clubs to promote the aims and activities of historical societies.19-3093.00 | 0.00761.5 |
Collect detailed information on individuals for use in biographies.19-3093.00 | 0.00741.5 |
Prepare publications and exhibits, or review those prepared by others, to ensure their historical accuracy.19-3093.00 | 0.00571.2 |
Present historical accounts in terms of individuals or social, ethnic, political, economic, or geographic groupings.19-3093.00 | 0.00400.8 |
Translate or request translation of reference materials.19-3093.00 | 0.00350.7 |
Edit historical society publications.19-3093.00 | 0.00250.5 |
Interview people to gather information about historical events and to record oral histories.19-3093.00 | 0.00200.4 |
Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.
| Task (O*NET 27.2) | βE1 + 0.5 × E2 |
|---|---|
Organize information for publication and for other means of dissemination, such as via storage media or the Internet.O*NET Task ID 3728 | 1.0 |
Translate or request translation of reference materials.O*NET Task ID 3731 | 1.0 |
Edit historical society publications.O*NET Task ID 3736 | 1.0 |
Organize data, and analyze and interpret its authenticity and relative significance.O*NET Task ID 3717 | 0.5 |
Gather historical data from sources such as archives, court records, diaries, news files, and photographs, as well as from books, pamphlets, and periodicals.O*NET Task ID 3718 | 0.5 |
Trace historical development in a particular field, such as social, cultural, political, or diplomatic history.O*NET Task ID 3719 | 0.5 |
Conduct historical research as a basis for the identification, conservation, and reconstruction of historic places and materials.O*NET Task ID 3720 | 0.5 |
Teach and conduct research in colleges, universities, museums, and other research agencies and schools.O*NET Task ID 3721 | 0.5 |
Conduct historical research, and publish or present findings and theories.O*NET Task ID 3722 | 0.5 |
Prepare publications and exhibits, or review those prepared by others, to ensure their historical accuracy.O*NET Task ID 3724 | 0.5 |
Research the history of a particular country or region, or of a specific time period.O*NET Task ID 3725 | 0.5 |
Present historical accounts in terms of individuals or social, ethnic, political, economic, or geographic groupings.O*NET Task ID 3726 | 0.5 |
Determine which topics to research, or pursue research topics specified by clients or employers.O*NET Task ID 3727 | 0.5 |
Research and prepare manuscripts in support of public programming and the development of exhibits at historic sites, museums, libraries, and archives.O*NET Task ID 3729 | 0.5 |
Advise or consult with individuals and institutions regarding issues such as the historical authenticity of materials or the customs of a specific historical period.O*NET Task ID 3730 | 0.5 |
Collect detailed information on individuals for use in biographies.O*NET Task ID 3732 | 0.5 |
Recommend actions related to historical art, such as which items to add to a collection or which items to display in an exhibit.O*NET Task ID 3734 | 0.5 |
Coordinate activities of workers engaged in cataloging and filing materials.O*NET Task ID 3735 | 0.5 |
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page
O*NET 31.0 全部任务（21 项）
本职业在 O*NET 31.0 中的全部任务（英文原文；任务类型为核心或补充）。暴露值不列在此清单中，而在上方表格里，位于各来源所用 O*NET 版本的任务表述旁。
| 任务（O*NET 31.0） | 类型 |
|---|---|
| Organize data, and analyze and interpret its authenticity and relative significance. | 核心 |
| Gather historical data from sources such as archives, court records, diaries, news files, and photographs, as well as from books, pamphlets, and periodicals. | 核心 |
| Trace historical development in a particular field, such as social, cultural, political, or diplomatic history. | 核心 |
| Conduct historical research as a basis for the identification, conservation, and reconstruction of historic places and materials. | 核心 |
| Conduct historical research, and publish or present findings and theories. | 核心 |
| Speak to various groups, organizations, and clubs to promote the aims and activities of historical societies. | 核心 |
| Prepare publications and exhibits, or review those prepared by others, to ensure their historical accuracy. | 核心 |
| Research the history of a particular country or region, or of a specific time period. | 核心 |
| Present historical accounts in terms of individuals or social, ethnic, political, economic, or geographic groupings. | 核心 |
| Determine which topics to research, or pursue research topics specified by clients or employers. | 核心 |
| Organize information for publication and for other means of dissemination, such as via storage media or the Internet. | 核心 |
| Research and prepare manuscripts in support of public programming and the development of exhibits at historic sites, museums, libraries, and archives. | 核心 |
| Advise or consult with individuals and institutions regarding issues such as the historical authenticity of materials or the customs of a specific historical period. | 核心 |
| Interview people to gather information about historical events and to record oral histories. | 核心 |
| Recommend actions related to historical art, such as which items to add to a collection or which items to display in an exhibit. | 核心 |
| Conserve and preserve manuscripts, records, and other artifacts. | 核心 |
| Teach and conduct research in colleges, universities, museums, and other research agencies and schools. | 补充 |
| Translate or request translation of reference materials. | 补充 |
| Collect detailed information on individuals for use in biographies. | 补充 |
| Coordinate activities of workers engaged in cataloging and filing materials. | 补充 |
| Edit historical society publications. | 补充 |
0.00/ 3· 机器人暴露指数
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
对每项体力任务，按已实际部署、销售或演示的机器人能够完成它的环境评定 0–3 级（0 不可 · 1 围栏式机器单元、灌装线等机器人专用设施 · 2 医院药房、集装箱港口等受管理的设施 · 3 私人住宅、建筑工地等非结构化环境），再按工作时间占比求平均
以该职业 O*NET 29.3 任务中的体力任务为准
等级与时间占比由 Anthropic 使用 Claude Opus 5（网络搜索）估算（截至 2026 年）。
机器人暴露指数与本站的 AI 暴露度是不同的指标，不能相加或相互比较。该指数不代表实际采用情况或成本竞争力，0 也包括没有体力任务的职业。
每项体力任务的等级
机器人环境等级（E0–E3）
E0 机器人不可详情
评定为已实际部署、销售或演示的机器人即使在机器人专用设施中也无法完成
E1 机器人专用设施详情
评定为可在围绕机器搭建的设施中完成，例如围栏式机器单元或灌装线
E2 受管理的设施详情
评定为可在由机构按工作标准维护的人类工作设施中完成，例如医院药房或集装箱港口
E3 非结构化环境详情
评定为可在没有机构按工作标准维护的环境中完成，例如私人住宅或建筑工地
仅列出被归类为体力任务的任务；其他任务在来源中没有等级。
| 任务（O*NET 29.3） | 机器人环境等级 |
|---|---|
| Conserve and preserve manuscripts, records, and other artifacts. | E0 机器人不可 |
职业信息
就业展望（BLS）
- 就业人数，2025
- 4K
- 预计就业人数，2035
- 4K
- 变化 (2025–35)
- +3%
- 年薪中位数，2025
- $76,750
- 入职通常所需学历
- Master's degree
韩国职业分类关联（KSCO）
来自 AI Changing Work 制作的 Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1 当前版本的关联。关系值从 O*NET-SOC 职业一侧解读。
| KSCO 代码 | KSCO 名称 | 关系 | 状态 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 21212 | 역사학 연구원 | 范围相同 | 已确认 |
| 21219 | 그 외 인문과학 연구원 | 相关，但不对应 | 已确认 |
关系与状态的定义(kr-direct v1.1)
国际劳工组织（ILO）职业说明
以下 ISCO-08 职业组由 AI Changing Work 原样套用美国劳工统计局（BLS）发布的对照表（2018 SOC→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→ISCO-08）、不逐案取舍，与本职业相关联；每项关联可能是完全对应，也可能是部分对应。
- ISCO-08 2633Philosophers, Historians and Political Scientists
哲学家、历史学家和政治学家
自行翻译
自行翻译 · 非 ISCO 官方词汇 — 未经国际劳工组织审核。
以下定义、任务和职业示例是 ILO 对该 ISCO-08 职业组的描述，而不是对本职业的描述。
Philosophers, historians and political scientists conduct research into the nature of human experience and existence, phases or aspects of human history, and political structures, movements and behaviour. They document and report on findings to inform and guide political and individual actions
任务
- (a) researching, mostly by reasoning, into the general causes, principles and meanings of the world, human actions, experience and existence, and interpreting and developing philosophical concepts and theories;
- (b) consulting and comparing primary sources, such as original or contemporary records of past events, and secondary sources such as archaeological or anthropological findings;
- (c) extracting relevant material, checking its authenticity, and researching into and describing the history of a particular period, country or region, or a particular facet - for example economic, social or political - of its history;
- (d) conducting research in such fields as political philosophy, or past and present theory and practice of political systems, institutions or behaviour;
- (e) observing contemporary political institutions and opinions, collecting data on them from various sources, including interviews with government and political party officials and other relevant persons;
- (f) developing theories, models and methods to interpret and describe the nature of human experience and historical and political events and behaviour;
- (g) presenting findings and conclusions for publication or use by government, political parties or other organizations and interested persons;
- (h) preparing scholarly papers and reports.
职业示例
Genealogist · Historian · Philosopher · Political scientist
Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits
ESCO 职业词汇
以下每一项都是在已公开的ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk（第 1 版，2022 年）中与本职业逐项对应的。对应类型出自该对照表；表述出自 AI Changing Work。
- historianESCO 2633.1范围相同
Historians research, analyze, interpret, and present the past of human societies. They analyse documents, sources, and traces from the past in order to understand the past societies.
- genealogistESCO 2633.1.1本职业范围更宽
Genealogists trace history and lineages of families. The results of their effort are displayed in a table of the descent from person to person which forms a family tree or they are written as narratives. Genealogists use analysis of public records, informal interviews, genetic analysis, and other methods to gain input information.
- anthropologistESCO 2632.1有重叠，但不相同
Anthropologists research all aspects of life pertaining to humans. They study the various civilisations that have existed along the time and their ways of organisation. They attempt to analyse the physical, societal, linguistic, political, economical, philosophical, and cultural aspects of different people. The aim of their studies is to understand and describe the past of humanity and solve topical societal problems. They explore different perspectives such as philosophical anthropology.
- archaeologistESCO 2632.2有重叠，但不相同
Archaeologists research and study past civilisations and settlements through collecting and inspecting material remains. They analyse and draw conclusions on a wide array of matters such as hierarchy systems, linguistics, culture, and politics based on the study of objects, structures, fossils, relics, and artifacts left behind by these peoples. Archaeologists utilise various interdisciplinary methods such as stratigraphy, typology, 3D analysis, mathematics, and modelling.
来源: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)
许可: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)
ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.
法国职业分类关联（ROME）
本职业与 ROME 4.0 职业条目（fiche）之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。标为「暂定」的关联仅凭同一模型系列（Claude）两位判定者的判定采纳，或对其判定适用运营方规则后采纳，因此其依据弱于已确认的关联。
| ROME 代码 | ROME 名称（法语） | 关系 |
|---|---|---|
| K2140 | Historien / Historienne | 范围相同暂定 |
| K2411 | Musicologue | 相关，但不对应 |
| K2401 | Chercheur / Chercheuse en sciences humaines et sociales | 相关，但不对应暂定 |
| K2415 | Paléographe | 相关，但不对应暂定 |
Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.
ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)
西班牙职业分类关联（CNO-11）
本职业与 CNO-11 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。
| CNO-11 代码 | CNO-11 名称（西班牙语） | 关系 |
|---|---|---|
| 2822 | Filósofos, historiadores y profesionales en ciencias políticas | 本职业范围更窄暂定 |
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)
德国职业分类关联（KldB）
本职业与 KldB 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。
| KldB 代码 | KldB 名称（德语） | 关系 |
|---|---|---|
| 91224 | Berufe in Geschichtswissenschaften - hoch komplexe Tätigkeiten | 范围相同 |
Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)
日本职业分类关联（JSCO）
本职业与 JSCO 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。
| JSCO 代码 | JSCO 名称（日语） | 关系 |
|---|---|---|
| 052 | 人文・社会科学系等研究者 | 本职业范围更窄暂定 |
| 242 | 学芸員 | 相关，但不对应暂定 |
Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)
本页数据的来源与许可，以及 AI Changing Work 的修改与翻译说明：致谢与来源