Music Directors and Composers

Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports, and Media Occupations

O*NET-SOC 代码: 27-2041.00

Conduct, direct, plan, and lead instrumental or vocal performances by musical artists or groups, such as orchestras, bands, choirs, and glee clubs; or create original works of music.

数据来源: BLS发布时间: 2026-08
高· 相对
低四级相对区间很高
职业群单位数值
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
四级相对类别（低 / 中等 / 高 / 很高）
以BLS就业预测表中831个细分职业为基数。取值按 NEM（全国就业矩阵）代码给定，因此共用同一 NEM 代码的职业得到相同分档
来源数据集（XLSX 文件下载）
数据来源: Anthropic发布时间: 2026-03
0.037
0.000此处所载数值的范围0.745
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
观测暴露度指数，按发布原值0–1
以O*NET任务映射为基准
按 SOC 2018 职业发布的数值；具有相同 SOC 2018 代码的所有 O*NET 职业均显示此值
来源数据集（CSV 文件下载）
数据来源: ILO发布时间: 2025
0.28
0.09此处所载数值的范围0.70
职业群单位数值
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
生成式AI暴露度指数，按发布原值0–1
按 ISCO-08 细类（4 位）发布的数值。按原样应用美国劳工统计局（BLS）的官方对照表（ISCO-08→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→2018 SOC）关联到本职业，对应关系为全部或部分对应
来源数据集（PDF 文件下载）

该来源发布的是什么性质的数值

BLS的类别是相对排位而非绝对水平，也不是一手测量：它把多项已发表研究给出的职业百分位排名归并为四个等级。它不是就业或工资预测，不是采用概率，也不区分自动化与增强。

Task-level exposure

仅显示有暴露的工作

已评分任务 30 项 · β ≥ 0.5 的任务 27 项（90.0%）

β = 直接暴露（E1）+ 0.5 × 借助工具时的暴露（E2），依据原始代码库的定义。

原始单位：O*NET 27.2 任务 → O*NET 31.0 职业代码
所有已评分任务均在 O*NET 31.0 任务列表中。

来源: OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
版本: gh-main-0471612
许可: MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI

Task (O*NET 30.2)	Claude.aiRaw / share %	APIRaw / share %
Determine voices, instruments, harmonic structures, rhythms, tempos, and tone balances required to achieve the effects desired in a musical composition. 27-2041.00	0.00000.0	0.0100100.0
Apply elements of music theory to create musical and tonal structures, including harmonies and melodies. 27-2041.00	0.00000.0	0.00000.0
Transcribe ideas for musical compositions into musical notation, using instruments, pen and paper, or computers. 27-2041.00	0.00000.0	0.00000.0
Explore and develop musical ideas based on sources such as imagination or sounds in the environment. 27-2041.00	0.00000.0	0.00000.0
Consider such factors as ensemble size and abilities, availability of scores, and the need for musical variety, to select music to be performed. 27-2041.00	0.00000.0	—0
Experiment with different sounds, and types and pieces of music, using synthesizers and computers as necessary to test and evaluate ideas. 27-2041.00	0.00000.0	—0
Arrange music composed by others, changing the music to achieve desired effects. 27-2041.00	0.00000.0	—0
Transcribe musical compositions and melodic lines to adapt them to a particular group, or to create a particular musical style. 27-2041.00	0.00000.0	—0
Not observed on any surface — 22 task(s) — These tasks have no row in the source for this release. The 0 in the share row is a display-stage composition ratio; absence is what the — in the raw row states.
Use gestures to shape the music being played, communicating desired tempo, phrasing, tone, color, pitch, volume, and other performance aspects.	—0	—0
Direct groups at rehearsals and live or recorded performances to achieve desired effects such as tonal and harmonic balance dynamics, rhythm, and tempo.	—0	—0
Study scores to learn the music in detail, and to develop interpretations.	—0	—0
Audition and select performers for musical presentations.	—0	—0
Plan and schedule rehearsals and performances, and arrange details such as locations, accompanists, and instrumentalists.	—0	—0
Write musical scores for orchestras, bands, choral groups, or individual instrumentalists or vocalists, using knowledge of music theory and of instrumental and vocal capabilities.	—0	—0
Position members within groups to obtain balance among instrumental or vocal sections.	—0	—0
Perform administrative tasks such as applying for grants, developing budgets, negotiating contracts, and designing and printing programs and other promotional materials.	—0	—0
Confer with producers and directors to define the nature and placement of film or television music.	—0	—0
Meet with soloists and concertmasters to discuss and prepare for performances.	—0	—0
Fill in details of orchestral sketches, such as adding vocal parts to scores.	—0	—0
Write music for commercial mediums, including advertising jingles or film soundtracks.	—0	—0
Transpose music from one voice or instrument to another to accommodate particular musicians.	—0	—0
Rewrite original musical scores in different musical styles by changing rhythms, harmonies, or tempos.	—0	—0
Assign and review staff work in such areas as scoring, arranging, and copying music, and vocal coaching.	—0	—0
Study films or scripts to determine how musical scores can be used to create desired effects or moods.	—0	—0
Create original musical forms, or write within circumscribed musical forms such as sonatas, symphonies, or operas.	—0	—0
Collaborate with other colleagues, such as copyists, to complete final scores.	—0	—0
Copy parts from scores for individual performers.	—0	—0
Coordinate and organize tours, or hire touring companies to arrange concert dates, venues, accommodations, and transportation for longer tours.	—0	—0
Produce recordings of music.	—0	—0
Stay abreast of the latest trends in music and music technology.	—0	—0

Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.

Task (O*NET 27.2)	βE1 + 0.5 × E2
Study scores to learn the music in detail, and to develop interpretations. O*NET Task ID 22546	1.0
Apply elements of music theory to create musical and tonal structures, including harmonies and melodies. O*NET Task ID 22547	1.0
Determine voices, instruments, harmonic structures, rhythms, tempos, and tone balances required to achieve the effects desired in a musical composition. O*NET Task ID 22549	1.0
Transcribe ideas for musical compositions into musical notation, using instruments, pen and paper, or computers. O*NET Task ID 22551	1.0
Write musical scores for orchestras, bands, choral groups, or individual instrumentalists or vocalists, using knowledge of music theory and of instrumental and vocal capabilities. O*NET Task ID 22554	1.0
Fill in details of orchestral sketches, such as adding vocal parts to scores. O*NET Task ID 22559	1.0
Explore and develop musical ideas based on sources such as imagination or sounds in the environment. O*NET Task ID 22560	1.0
Write music for commercial mediums, including advertising jingles or film soundtracks. O*NET Task ID 22561	1.0
Transpose music from one voice or instrument to another to accommodate particular musicians. O*NET Task ID 22562	1.0
Rewrite original musical scores in different musical styles by changing rhythms, harmonies, or tempos. O*NET Task ID 22563	1.0
Arrange music composed by others, changing the music to achieve desired effects. O*NET Task ID 22564	1.0
Transcribe musical compositions and melodic lines to adapt them to a particular group, or to create a particular musical style. O*NET Task ID 22567	1.0
Create original musical forms, or write within circumscribed musical forms such as sonatas, symphonies, or operas. O*NET Task ID 22568	1.0
Collaborate with other colleagues, such as copyists, to complete final scores. O*NET Task ID 22569	1.0
Copy parts from scores for individual performers. O*NET Task ID 22570	1.0
Direct groups at rehearsals and live or recorded performances to achieve desired effects such as tonal and harmonic balance dynamics, rhythm, and tempo. O*NET Task ID 22545	0.5
Consider such factors as ensemble size and abilities, availability of scores, and the need for musical variety, to select music to be performed. O*NET Task ID 22548	0.5
Experiment with different sounds, and types and pieces of music, using synthesizers and computers as necessary to test and evaluate ideas. O*NET Task ID 22550	0.5
Plan and schedule rehearsals and performances, and arrange details such as locations, accompanists, and instrumentalists. O*NET Task ID 22553	0.5
Position members within groups to obtain balance among instrumental or vocal sections. O*NET Task ID 22555	0.5
Perform administrative tasks such as applying for grants, developing budgets, negotiating contracts, and designing and printing programs and other promotional materials. O*NET Task ID 22556	0.5
Confer with producers and directors to define the nature and placement of film or television music. O*NET Task ID 22557	0.5
Assign and review staff work in such areas as scoring, arranging, and copying music, and vocal coaching. O*NET Task ID 22565	0.5
Study films or scripts to determine how musical scores can be used to create desired effects or moods. O*NET Task ID 22566	0.5
Coordinate and organize tours, or hire touring companies to arrange concert dates, venues, accommodations, and transportation for longer tours. O*NET Task ID 22571	0.5
Produce recordings of music. O*NET Task ID 22572	0.5
Stay abreast of the latest trends in music and music technology. O*NET Task ID 22573	0.5
再显示 17 项工作 ▾收起 ▴
Use gestures to shape the music being played, communicating desired tempo, phrasing, tone, color, pitch, volume, and other performance aspects. O*NET Task ID 22544	0.0
Audition and select performers for musical presentations. O*NET Task ID 22552	0.0
Meet with soloists and concertmasters to discuss and prepare for performances. O*NET Task ID 22558	0.0

β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.

Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page

O*NET 31.0 全部任务（30 项）

本职业在 O*NET 31.0 中的全部任务（英文原文；任务类型为核心或补充）。暴露值不列在此清单中，而在上方表格里，位于各来源所用 O*NET 版本的任务表述旁。

任务（O*NET 31.0）	类型
Use gestures to shape the music being played, communicating desired tempo, phrasing, tone, color, pitch, volume, and other performance aspects.	核心
Direct groups at rehearsals and live or recorded performances to achieve desired effects such as tonal and harmonic balance dynamics, rhythm, and tempo.	核心
Study scores to learn the music in detail, and to develop interpretations.	核心
Apply elements of music theory to create musical and tonal structures, including harmonies and melodies.	核心
Consider such factors as ensemble size and abilities, availability of scores, and the need for musical variety, to select music to be performed.	核心
Determine voices, instruments, harmonic structures, rhythms, tempos, and tone balances required to achieve the effects desired in a musical composition.	核心
Experiment with different sounds, and types and pieces of music, using synthesizers and computers as necessary to test and evaluate ideas.	核心
Transcribe ideas for musical compositions into musical notation, using instruments, pen and paper, or computers.	核心
Audition and select performers for musical presentations.	核心
Plan and schedule rehearsals and performances, and arrange details such as locations, accompanists, and instrumentalists.	核心
Write musical scores for orchestras, bands, choral groups, or individual instrumentalists or vocalists, using knowledge of music theory and of instrumental and vocal capabilities.	核心
Position members within groups to obtain balance among instrumental or vocal sections.	核心
Perform administrative tasks such as applying for grants, developing budgets, negotiating contracts, and designing and printing programs and other promotional materials.	核心
Confer with producers and directors to define the nature and placement of film or television music.	核心
Meet with soloists and concertmasters to discuss and prepare for performances.	核心
Fill in details of orchestral sketches, such as adding vocal parts to scores.	核心
Explore and develop musical ideas based on sources such as imagination or sounds in the environment.	核心
Write music for commercial mediums, including advertising jingles or film soundtracks.	核心
Transpose music from one voice or instrument to another to accommodate particular musicians.	核心
Rewrite original musical scores in different musical styles by changing rhythms, harmonies, or tempos.	核心
Arrange music composed by others, changing the music to achieve desired effects.	核心
Assign and review staff work in such areas as scoring, arranging, and copying music, and vocal coaching.	核心
Study films or scripts to determine how musical scores can be used to create desired effects or moods.	核心
Transcribe musical compositions and melodic lines to adapt them to a particular group, or to create a particular musical style.	核心
Create original musical forms, or write within circumscribed musical forms such as sonatas, symphonies, or operas.	核心
Collaborate with other colleagues, such as copyists, to complete final scores.	核心
Copy parts from scores for individual performers.	核心
Coordinate and organize tours, or hire touring companies to arrange concert dates, venues, accommodations, and transportation for longer tours.	补充
Produce recordings of music.	—
Stay abreast of the latest trends in music and music technology.	—

就业展望（BLS）

就业人数，2025: 51K
预计就业人数，2035: 52K
变化 (2025–35): +1.2%
年薪中位数，2025: $73,710
入职通常所需学历: Bachelor's degree

最低 $30,890BLS EP 2025–35 中 825 个细分职业的工资中位数范围最高 $559,030

来源: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment Projections 2025–35 — Employment by detailed occupation, 2025 and projected 2035

韩国职业分类关联（KSCO）

来自 AI Changing Work 制作的 Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1 当前版本的关联。关系值从 O*NET-SOC 职业一侧解读。

KSCO 代码	KSCO 名称	关系	状态
29443	국악 작곡 및 편곡가	本职业范围更宽	已确认
29451	지휘자	本职业范围更宽	已确认
29452	작곡가 및 편곡가	本职业范围更宽	已确认

关系与状态的定义(kr-direct v1.1)

国际劳工组织（ILO）职业说明

以下 ISCO-08 职业组由 AI Changing Work 原样套用美国劳工统计局（BLS）发布的对照表（2018 SOC→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→ISCO-08）、不逐案取舍，与本职业相关联；每项关联可能是完全对应，也可能是部分对应。

ISCO-08 2652Musicians, Singers and Composers
音乐家、歌唱家和作曲家

自行翻译

自行翻译 · 非 ISCO 官方词汇 — 未经国际劳工组织审核。

以下定义、任务和职业示例是 ILO 对该 ISCO-08 职业组的描述，而不是对本职业的描述。

Musicians, singers and composers write, arrange, conduct and perform musical compositions.

任务

(a) creating melodic, harmonic and rhythmic structures to express ideas and emotions in musical form;
(b) translating ideas and concepts into standard musical signs and symbols for reproduction and performance;
(c) adapting or arranging music for particular instrumental or vocal groups, instruments or occasions;
(d) conducting instrumental or vocal groups;
(e) selecting music for performances and assigning instrumental parts to musicians;
(f) playing one or more musical instruments as a soloist or as a member of an orchestra or a musical group;
(g) singing as soloists or members of vocal groups or other bands;
(h) practising and rehearsing to maintain a high standard of performance.

职业示例

Band leader · Composer · Instrumentalist · Music conductor · Night club musician · Night club singer · Orchestrator · Singer · Street musician · Street singer

Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits

ESCO 职业词汇

以下每一项都是在已公开的ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk（第 1 版，2022 年）中与本职业逐项对应的。对应类型出自该对照表；表述出自 AI Changing Work。

choirmaster/choirmistressESCO 2652.3.1.1本职业范围更宽
Choirmasters/choirmistresses manage various aspects of the vocal, and sometimes instrumental, performances of musical groups, such as choirs, ensembles, or glee clubs.
composerESCO 2652.1本职业范围更宽
Composers create new music pieces in a variety of styles. They usually note down the created music in musical notation. Composers may work independently or as part of a group or ensemble. Many create pieces to support film, television, games or live performances.
lyricistESCO 2641.4.1本职业范围更宽
Lyricists interpret the style of a music piece and write words to accompany the melody. They work together with the music composer.
music arrangerESCO 2652.1.1本职业范围更宽
Music arrangers create arrangements for music after its creation by a composer. They interpret, adapt or rework a composition for other instruments or voices, or to another style. Music arrangers are experts in instruments and orchestration, harmony, polyphony and composition techniques.
music directorESCO 2652.2本职业范围更宽
Music directors lead musical groups such as orchestras and bands during live performances or recording sessions. They organise the music and composition, coordinate the playing musicians and record the performance. Music directors are professionals working in diverse places such as the film industry, music videos, radio stations, musical ensembles or schools.
music producerESCO 2654.2.1本职业范围更宽
Music producers are responsible for acquiring music to be published. They listen to demos of songs and determine whether they are good enough to be published. Music producers oversee the production of records. They manage the technical aspects of recording and editing.

来源: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)

许可: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)

查看原文

ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.

法国职业分类关联（ROME）

本职业与 ROME 4.0 职业条目（fiche）之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。标为「暂定」的关联仅凭同一模型系列（Claude）两位判定者的判定采纳，或对其判定适用运营方规则后采纳，因此其依据弱于已确认的关联。

ROME 代码	ROME 名称（法语）	关系
L1210	Orchestrateur / Orchestratrice	本职业范围更宽暂定
L1214	Chef / Cheffe d'orchestre	本职业范围更宽暂定
L1319	Directeur / Directrice artistique éditions de musique et phonographique	本职业范围更宽暂定
L1213	Auteur-compositeur-interprète / Auteure-compositrice-interprète	有重叠，但不相同暂定
L1320	Directeur / Directrice de label	相关，但不对应暂定

Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.

ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)

西班牙职业分类关联（CNO-11）

本职业与 CNO-11 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。

CNO-11 代码	CNO-11 名称（西班牙语）	关系
2932	Compositores, músicos y cantantes	本职业范围更窄暂定

Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)

德国职业分类关联（KldB）

本职业与 KldB 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。

KldB 代码	KldB 名称（德语）	关系
94134	Dirigenten/Dirigentinnen - hoch komplexe Tätigkeiten	本职业范围更宽
94144	Komponisten/Komponistinnen - hoch komplexe Tätigkeiten	本职业范围更宽
94183	Musik-, Gesangs- und Dirigententätigkeiten (sonstige spezifische Tätigkeitsangabe) - komplexe Spezialistentätigkeiten	相关，但不对应
94184	Musik-, Gesangs- und Dirigententätigkeiten (sonstige spezifische Tätigkeitsangabe) - hoch komplexe Tätigkeiten	相关，但不对应暂定

Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)

日本职业分类关联（JSCO）

本职业与 JSCO 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。

JSCO 代码	JSCO 名称（日语）	关系
231	音楽家	本职业范围更窄暂定

Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)

本页数据的来源与许可，以及 AI Changing Work 的修改与翻译说明：致谢与来源