Farmworkers and Laborers, Crop, Nursery, and Greenhouse
Farming, Fishing, and Forestry Occupations- O*NET-SOC 代码
- 45-2092.00
Manually plant, cultivate, and harvest vegetables, fruits, nuts, horticultural specialties, and field crops. Use hand tools, such as shovels, trowels, hoes, tampers, pruning hooks, shears, and knives. Duties may include tilling soil and applying fertilizers; transplanting, weeding, thinning, or pruning crops; applying pesticides; or cleaning, grading, sorting, packing, and loading harvested products. May construct trellises, repair fences and farm buildings, or participate in irrigation activities.
- 数据来源: BLS发布时间: 2026-08
低· 相对
低四级相对区间很高职业群单位数值
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
四级相对类别（低 / 中等 / 高 / 很高）
以BLS就业预测表中831个细分职业为基数。取值按 NEM（全国就业矩阵）代码给定，因此共用同一 NEM 代码的职业得到相同分档
- 数据来源: Anthropic发布时间: 2026-03
0.020
0.000此处所载数值的范围0.745尺度 · 母数 · 来源
- 数据来源: ILO发布时间: 2025
0.09–0.13· ISCO-08 职业组 5 个
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
生成式AI暴露度指数，按发布原值0–1
按 ISCO-08 细类（4 位）发布的数值。按原样应用美国劳工统计局（BLS）的官方对照表（ISCO-08→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→2018 SOC）关联到本职业，对应关系为全部或部分对应
该来源发布的是什么性质的数值
BLS的类别是相对排位而非绝对水平，也不是一手测量：它把多项已发表研究给出的职业百分位排名归并为四个等级。它不是就业或工资预测，不是采用概率，也不区分自动化与增强。
各关联 ISCO-08 职业组的 ILO 数值
- ISCO-08 6310Subsistence Crop Farmers0.13
- ISCO-08 6330Subsistence Mixed Crop and Livestock Farmers0.12
- ISCO-08 9211Crop Farm Labourers0.09
- ISCO-08 9213Mixed Crop and Livestock Farm Labourers0.11
- ISCO-08 9214Garden and Horticultural Labourers0.12
Task-level exposure
显示隐藏的 36 项工作已评分任务 30 项 · β ≥ 0.5 的任务 7 项（23.3%）
β = 直接暴露（E1）+ 0.5 × 借助工具时的暴露（E2），依据原始代码库的定义。
- 原始单位：O*NET 27.2 任务 → O*NET 31.0 职业代码
- 已评分任务中有 3 项不在 O*NET 31.0 任务列表中，其分数按 O*NET 27.2 的发布值保留。
- 来源
- OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
- 版本
- gh-main-0471612
- 许可
- MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI
以下为 O*NET-SOC 2010 职业 45-2092.01 Nursery Workers; 45-2092.02 Farmworkers and Laborers, Crop 的工作任务，由本站依据 O*NET-SOC 2010→2019 官方对照表关联到此职业
| Task (O*NET 20.1) | Claude.aiRaw / share % | APIRaw / share % |
|---|---|---|
Provide information and advice to the public regarding the selection, purchase, and care of products.45-2092.01 | 0.334698.7 | 0.0976100.0 |
Participate in the inspection, grading, sorting, storage, and post-harvest treatment of crops.45-2092.02 | 0.00441.3 | —0 |
Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.
| Task (O*NET 27.2) | βE1 + 0.5 × E2 |
|---|---|
Record information about crops, such as pesticide use, yields, or costs.O*NET Task ID 23387 | 1.0 |
Record information about plants and plant growth.O*NET Task ID 23390 | 1.0 |
Identify plants, pests, and weeds to determine the selection and application of pesticides and fertilizers.O*NET Task ID 23380 | 0.5 |
Feel plants' leaves and note their coloring to detect the presence of insects or disease.O*NET Task ID 23383 | 0.5 |
Provide information and advice to the public regarding the selection, purchase, and care of products.O*NET Task ID 23384 | 0.5 |
Maintain inventory, ordering materials as required.O*NET Task ID 23389 | 0.5 |
Inspect plants and bud ties to assess quality.O*NET Task ID 23393 | 0.5 |
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page
O*NET 31.0 全部任务（27 项）
本职业在 O*NET 31.0 中的全部任务（英文原文；任务类型为核心或补充）。暴露值不列在此清单中，而在上方表格里，位于各来源所用 O*NET 版本的任务表述旁。
| 任务（O*NET 31.0） | 类型 |
|---|---|
| Harvest plants, and transplant or pot and label them. | 核心 |
| Operate tractors, tractor-drawn machinery, and self-propelled machinery to plow, harrow and fertilize soil, or to plant, cultivate, spray and harvest crops. | 核心 |
| Set up and operate irrigation equipment. | 核心 |
| Repair and maintain farm vehicles, implements, and mechanical equipment. | 核心 |
| Harvest fruits and vegetables by hand. | 核心 |
| Clean work areas, and maintain grounds and landscaping. | 核心 |
| Inform farmers or farm managers of crop progress. | 核心 |
| Direct and monitor the work of casual and seasonal help during planting and harvesting. | 核心 |
| Identify plants, pests, and weeds to determine the selection and application of pesticides and fertilizers. | 核心 |
| Record information about crops, such as pesticide use, yields, or costs. | 核心 |
| Participate in the inspection, grading, sorting, storage, and post-harvest treatment of crops. | 核心 |
| Load agricultural products into trucks, and drive trucks to market or storage facilities. | 核心 |
| Sell and deliver plants and flowers to customers. | 补充 |
| Regulate greenhouse conditions, and indoor and outdoor irrigation systems. | 补充 |
| Feel plants' leaves and note their coloring to detect the presence of insects or disease. | 补充 |
| Provide information and advice to the public regarding the selection, purchase, and care of products. | 补充 |
| Maintain and repair irrigation and climate control systems. | 补充 |
| Dig, cut, and transplant seedlings, cuttings, trees, and shrubs. | 补充 |
| Repair farm buildings, fences, and other structures. | 补充 |
| Maintain inventory, ordering materials as required. | 补充 |
| Record information about plants and plant growth. | 补充 |
| Dig, rake, and screen soil, filling cold frames and hot beds in preparation for planting. | 补充 |
| Inspect plants and bud ties to assess quality. | 补充 |
| Move containerized shrubs, plants, and trees, using wheelbarrows or tractors. | 补充 |
| Tie and bunch flowers, plants, shrubs, and trees, wrap their roots, and pack them into boxes to fill orders. | 补充 |
| Haul and spread topsoil, fertilizer, peat moss, and other materials to condition soil, using wheelbarrows or carts and shovels. | 补充 |
| Plant, spray, weed, fertilize, water, and prune plants, shrubs, and trees, using gardening tools. | — |
1.16/ 3· 机器人暴露指数
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
对每项体力任务，按已实际部署、销售或演示的机器人能够完成它的环境评定 0–3 级（0 不可 · 1 围栏式机器单元、灌装线等机器人专用设施 · 2 医院药房、集装箱港口等受管理的设施 · 3 私人住宅、建筑工地等非结构化环境），再按工作时间占比求平均
以该职业 O*NET 29.3 任务中的体力任务为准
等级与时间占比由 Anthropic 使用 Claude Opus 5（网络搜索）估算（截至 2026 年）。
机器人暴露指数与本站的 AI 暴露度是不同的指标，不能相加或相互比较。该指数不代表实际采用情况或成本竞争力，0 也包括没有体力任务的职业。
每项体力任务的等级
机器人环境等级（E0–E3）
E0 机器人不可详情
评定为已实际部署、销售或演示的机器人即使在机器人专用设施中也无法完成
E1 机器人专用设施详情
评定为可在围绕机器搭建的设施中完成，例如围栏式机器单元或灌装线
E2 受管理的设施详情
评定为可在由机构按工作标准维护的人类工作设施中完成，例如医院药房或集装箱港口
E3 非结构化环境详情
评定为可在没有机构按工作标准维护的环境中完成，例如私人住宅或建筑工地
仅列出被归类为体力任务的任务；其他任务在来源中没有等级。
| 任务（O*NET 29.3） | 机器人环境等级 |
|---|---|
| Harvest plants, and transplant or pot and label them. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Operate tractors, tractor-drawn machinery, and self-propelled machinery to plow, harrow and fertilize soil, or to plant, cultivate, spray and harvest crops. | E3 非结构化环境 |
| Set up and operate irrigation equipment. | E0 机器人不可 |
| Repair and maintain farm vehicles, implements, and mechanical equipment. | E0 机器人不可 |
| Harvest fruits and vegetables by hand. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Clean work areas, and maintain grounds and landscaping. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Identify plants, pests, and weeds to determine the selection and application of pesticides and fertilizers. | E2 受管理的设施 |
| Participate in the inspection, grading, sorting, storage, and post-harvest treatment of crops. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Load agricultural products into trucks, and drive trucks to market or storage facilities. | E2 受管理的设施 |
| Sell and deliver plants and flowers to customers. | E0 机器人不可 |
| Regulate greenhouse conditions, and indoor and outdoor irrigation systems. | E2 受管理的设施 |
| Feel plants' leaves and note their coloring to detect the presence of insects or disease. | E2 受管理的设施 |
| Maintain and repair irrigation and climate control systems. | E0 机器人不可 |
| Dig, cut, and transplant seedlings, cuttings, trees, and shrubs. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Repair farm buildings, fences, and other structures. | E0 机器人不可 |
| Maintain inventory, ordering materials as required. | E2 受管理的设施 |
| Dig, rake, and screen soil, filling cold frames and hot beds in preparation for planting. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Inspect plants and bud ties to assess quality. | E2 受管理的设施 |
| Move containerized shrubs, plants, and trees, using wheelbarrows or tractors. | E2 受管理的设施 |
| Tie and bunch flowers, plants, shrubs, and trees, wrap their roots, and pack them into boxes to fill orders. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Haul and spread topsoil, fertilizer, peat moss, and other materials to condition soil, using wheelbarrows or carts and shovels. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Plant, spray, weed, fertilize, water, and prune plants, shrubs, and trees, using gardening tools. | E2 受管理的设施 |
职业信息
就业展望（BLS）
- 就业人数，2025
- 547K
- 预计就业人数，2035
- 534K
- 变化 (2025–35)
- -2.4%
- 年薪中位数，2025
- $35,660
- 入职通常所需学历
- No formal educational credential
韩国职业分类关联（KSCO）
来自 AI Changing Work 制作的 Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1 当前版本的关联。关系值从 O*NET-SOC 职业一侧解读。
| KSCO 代码 | KSCO 名称 | 关系 | 状态 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 61110 | 곡식작물 재배원 | 本职业范围更宽 | 已确认 |
| 61121 | 채소작물 재배원 | 本职业范围更宽 | 已确认 |
| 61122 | 특용작물 재배원 | 本职业范围更宽 | 已确认 |
| 61130 | 과수작물 재배원 | 本职业范围更宽 | 已确认 |
| 61211 | 육묘작물 재배원 | 本职业范围更宽 | 已确认 |
| 61212 | 화훼작물 재배원 | 本职业范围更宽 | 已确认 |
| 99110 | 농업 관련 단순 종사원 | 有重叠，但不相同 | 已确认 |
关系与状态的定义(kr-direct v1.1)
国际劳工组织（ILO）职业说明
以下 ISCO-08 职业组由 AI Changing Work 原样套用美国劳工统计局（BLS）发布的对照表（2018 SOC→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→ISCO-08）、不逐案取舍，与本职业相关联；每项关联可能是完全对应，也可能是部分对应。
- ISCO-08 6310Subsistence Crop Farmers
自给自足型作物种植农民
- ISCO-08 6330Subsistence Mixed Crop and Livestock Farmers
自给自足型农牧兼营农民
- ISCO-08 9211Crop Farm Labourers
农作物种植辅助工
- ISCO-08 9213Mixed Crop and Livestock Farm Labourers
农牧兼营辅助工
- ISCO-08 9214Garden and Horticultural Labourers
园林和园艺辅助工
自行翻译
自行翻译 · 非 ISCO 官方词汇 — 未经国际劳工组织审核。
Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits
ESCO 职业词汇
以下每一项都是在已公开的ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk（第 1 版，2022 年）中与本职业逐项对应的。对应类型出自该对照表；表述出自 AI Changing Work。
- crop production workerESCO 9213.1本职业范围更宽
Crop production workers carry out practical activities and assist in the production of agronomical crops.
- fruit and vegetable pickerESCO 9211.1本职业范围更宽
Fruit and vegetable pickers select and harvest fruits, vegetables and nuts according to the method appropriate for the type of fruit, vegetable or nut.
- horticulture workerESCO 6113.4本职业范围更宽
Horticulture workers carry out practical activities and assist in nurseries or greenhouses for the production of horticultural crops.
- vineyard machinery operatorESCO 6112.5本职业范围更宽
Vineyard machinery operators carry out practical activities related to cultivation, propagation of grape varieties and production of wine with specialised machinery or equipment.
- vineyard workerESCO 9211.2本职业范围更宽
Vineyard workers carry out manual activities related to cultivation, propagation of grape varieties and the production and/or packaging of wines.
- garden labourerESCO 9214.1有重叠，但不相同
Garden labourers perform simple tasks in cultivating and maintaining flowers, trees and shrubs. This work can take place in either parks or private gardens.
- hop farmerESCO 6112.3有重叠，但不相同
Hop farmers plant, cultivate and harvest hops for the production of commodities such as beer.
来源: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)
许可: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)
ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.
法国职业分类关联（ROME）
本职业与 ROME 4.0 职业条目（fiche）之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。标为「暂定」的关联仅凭同一模型系列（Claude）两位判定者的判定采纳，或对其判定适用运营方规则后采纳，因此其依据弱于已确认的关联。
| ROME 代码 | ROME 名称（法语） | 关系 |
|---|---|---|
| A1418 | Viticulteur / Viticultrice | 本职业范围更宽 |
| A1401 | Cueilleur / Cueilleuse de fruits | 本职业范围更宽暂定 |
| A1402 | Aide agricole en production végétale | 本职业范围更宽暂定 |
| A1444 | Aide agricole en production fruitière | 本职业范围更宽暂定 |
| A1414 | Horticulteur / Horticultrice | 相关，但不对应 |
| A1419 | Ouvrier agricole polyvalent / Ouvrière agricole polyvalente | 相关，但不对应 |
| A1405 | Arboriculteur / Arboricultrice | 相关，但不对应暂定 |
| A1432 | Osiériculteur / Osiéricultrice | 相关，但不对应暂定 |
| A1433 | Maraîcher / Maraîchère | 相关，但不对应暂定 |
| A1434 | Tabaculteur / Tabacultrice | 相关，但不对应暂定 |
| A1437 | Champignonniste | 相关，但不对应暂定 |
| A1440 | Cultivateur urbain / Cultivatrice urbaine | 相关，但不对应暂定 |
| A1441 | Pépiniériste | 相关，但不对应暂定 |
Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.
ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)
西班牙职业分类关联（CNO-11）
本职业与 CNO-11 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。
| CNO-11 代码 | CNO-11 名称（西班牙语） | 关系 |
|---|---|---|
| 9511 | Peones agrícolas (excepto en huertas, invernaderos, viveros y jardines) | 本职业范围更宽 |
| 9512 | Peones agrícolas en huertas, invernaderos, viveros y jardines | 本职业范围更宽 |
| 9530 | Peones agropecuarios | 相关，但不对应 |
| 6300 | Trabajadores cualificados en actividades agropecuarias mixtas | 相关，但不对应暂定 |
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)
德国职业分类关联（KldB）
本职业与 KldB 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。
| KldB 代码 | KldB 名称（德语） | 关系 |
|---|---|---|
| 11101 | Berufe in der Landwirtschaft (ohne Spezialisierung) - Helfer-/Anlerntätigkeiten | 本职业范围更宽 |
| 12112 | Berufe im Obst- und Gemüsebau - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten | 本职业范围更宽暂定 |
| 12122 | Berufe in Baumschule, Staudengärtnerei und Zierpflanzenbau - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten | 本职业范围更宽暂定 |
| 12101 | Berufe im Gartenbau (ohne Spezialisierung) - Helfer-/Anlerntätigkeiten | 有重叠，但不相同 |
| 11602 | Berufe im Weinbau - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten | 相关，但不对应暂定 |
| 12102 | Berufe im Gartenbau (ohne Spezialisierung) - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten | 相关，但不对应暂定 |
Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)
日本职业分类关联（JSCO）
本职业与 JSCO 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。
| JSCO 代码 | JSCO 名称（日语） | 关系 |
|---|---|---|
| 461 | 農耕従事者 | 本职业范围更窄 |
Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)
本页数据的来源与许可，以及 AI Changing Work 的修改与翻译说明：致谢与来源