- O*NET-SOC 代码
- 47-2121.00
Install glass in windows, skylights, store fronts, and display cases, or on surfaces, such as building fronts, interior walls, ceilings, and tabletops.
- 数据来源: BLS发布时间: 2026-08
低· 相对
低四级相对区间很高职业群单位数值
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
四级相对类别（低 / 中等 / 高 / 很高）
以BLS就业预测表中831个细分职业为基数。取值按 NEM（全国就业矩阵）代码给定，因此共用同一 NEM 代码的职业得到相同分档
- 数据来源: Anthropic发布时间: 2026-03
0.000
0.000此处所载数值的范围0.745尺度 · 母数 · 来源
- 数据来源: ILO发布时间: 2025
0.14
0.09此处所载数值的范围0.70职业群单位数值
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
生成式AI暴露度指数，按发布原值0–1
按 ISCO-08 细类（4 位）发布的数值。按原样应用美国劳工统计局（BLS）的官方对照表（ISCO-08→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→2018 SOC）关联到本职业，对应关系为全部或部分对应
该来源发布的是什么性质的数值
BLS的类别是相对排位而非绝对水平，也不是一手测量：它把多项已发表研究给出的职业百分位排名归并为四个等级。它不是就业或工资预测，不是采用概率，也不区分自动化与增强。
Task-level exposure
显示隐藏的 26 项工作已评分任务 27 项 · β ≥ 0.5 的任务 5 项（18.5%）
β = 直接暴露（E1）+ 0.5 × 借助工具时的暴露（E2），依据原始代码库的定义。
- 原始单位：O*NET 27.2 任务 → O*NET 31.0 职业代码
- 所有已评分任务均在 O*NET 31.0 任务列表中。
- 来源
- OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
- 版本
- gh-main-0471612
- 许可
- MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI
| Task (O*NET 20.1) | Claude.aiRaw / share % |
|---|---|
Confer with customers to determine project requirements or to provide cost estimates.47-2121.00 | 0.0019100.0 |
Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.
| Task (O*NET 27.2) | βE1 + 0.5 × E2 |
|---|---|
Read and interpret blueprints or specifications to determine size, shape, color, type, or thickness of glass, location of framing, installation procedures, or staging or scaffolding materials required.O*NET Task ID 11484 | 0.5 |
Measure mirrors and dimensions of areas to be covered to determine work procedures.O*NET Task ID 11487 | 0.5 |
Measure and mark outlines or patterns on glass to indicate cutting lines.O*NET Task ID 11500 | 0.5 |
Confer with customers to determine project requirements or to provide cost estimates.O*NET Task ID 11505 | 0.5 |
Create patterns on glass by etching, sandblasting, or painting designs.O*NET Task ID 11510 | 0.5 |
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page
O*NET 31.0 全部任务（27 项）
本职业在 O*NET 31.0 中的全部任务（英文原文；任务类型为核心或补充）。暴露值不列在此清单中，而在上方表格里，位于各来源所用 O*NET 版本的任务表述旁。
| 任务（O*NET 31.0） | 类型 |
|---|---|
| Read and interpret blueprints or specifications to determine size, shape, color, type, or thickness of glass, location of framing, installation procedures, or staging or scaffolding materials required. | 核心 |
| Determine plumb of walls or ceilings, using plumb lines and levels. | 核心 |
| Fabricate or install metal sashes or moldings for glass installation, using aluminum or steel framing. | 核心 |
| Measure mirrors and dimensions of areas to be covered to determine work procedures. | 核心 |
| Fasten glass panes into wood sashes or frames with clips, points, or moldings, adding weather seals or putty around pane edges to seal joints. | 核心 |
| Secure mirrors in position, using mastic cement, putty, bolts, or screws. | 核心 |
| Cut, fit, install, repair, or replace glass or glass substitutes, such as plastic or aluminum, in building interiors or exteriors or in furniture or other products. | 核心 |
| Cut and remove broken glass prior to installing replacement glass. | 核心 |
| Set glass doors into frames and bolt metal hinges, handles, locks, or other hardware to attach doors to frames and walls. | 核心 |
| Score glass with cutters' wheels, breaking off excess glass by hand or with notched tools. | 核心 |
| Cut, assemble, fit, or attach metal-framed glass enclosures for showers, bathtubs, display cases, skylights, solariums, or other structures. | 核心 |
| Drive trucks to installation sites and unload mirrors, glass equipment, or tools. | 核心 |
| Install pre-assembled metal or wood frameworks for windows or doors to be fitted with glass panels, using hand tools. | 核心 |
| Cut and attach mounting strips, metal or wood moldings, rubber gaskets, or metal clips to surfaces in preparation for mirror installation. | 核心 |
| Assemble, erect, or dismantle scaffolds, rigging, or hoisting equipment. | 核心 |
| Load and arrange glass or mirrors onto delivery trucks, using suction cups or cranes to lift glass. | 核心 |
| Measure and mark outlines or patterns on glass to indicate cutting lines. | 核心 |
| Grind or polish glass, smoothing edges when necessary. | 核心 |
| Prepare glass for cutting by resting it on rack edges or against cutting tables and brushing thin layer of oil along cutting lines or dipping cutting tools in oil. | 核心 |
| Pack spaces between moldings and glass with glazing compounds and trim excess material with glazing knives. | 核心 |
| Operate cranes or hoists with suction cups to lift large, heavy pieces of glass. | 核心 |
| Move furniture to clear work sites and cover floors or furnishings with drop cloths. | 核心 |
| Confer with customers to determine project requirements or to provide cost estimates. | 补充 |
| Select the type or color of glass or mirror according to specifications. | 补充 |
| Assemble and cement sections of stained glass together. | 补充 |
| Measure, cut, fit, and press anti-glare adhesive film to glass or spray glass with tinting solution to prevent light glare. | 补充 |
| Create patterns on glass by etching, sandblasting, or painting designs. | 补充 |
0.92/ 3· 机器人暴露指数
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
对每项体力任务，按已实际部署、销售或演示的机器人能够完成它的环境评定 0–3 级（0 不可 · 1 围栏式机器单元、灌装线等机器人专用设施 · 2 医院药房、集装箱港口等受管理的设施 · 3 私人住宅、建筑工地等非结构化环境），再按工作时间占比求平均
以该职业 O*NET 29.3 任务中的体力任务为准
等级与时间占比由 Anthropic 使用 Claude Opus 5（网络搜索）估算（截至 2026 年）。
机器人暴露指数与本站的 AI 暴露度是不同的指标，不能相加或相互比较。该指数不代表实际采用情况或成本竞争力，0 也包括没有体力任务的职业。
每项体力任务的等级
机器人环境等级（E0–E3）
E0 机器人不可详情
评定为已实际部署、销售或演示的机器人即使在机器人专用设施中也无法完成
E1 机器人专用设施详情
评定为可在围绕机器搭建的设施中完成，例如围栏式机器单元或灌装线
E2 受管理的设施详情
评定为可在由机构按工作标准维护的人类工作设施中完成，例如医院药房或集装箱港口
E3 非结构化环境详情
评定为可在没有机构按工作标准维护的环境中完成，例如私人住宅或建筑工地
仅列出被归类为体力任务的任务；其他任务在来源中没有等级。
| 任务（O*NET 29.3） | 机器人环境等级 |
|---|---|
| Determine plumb of walls or ceilings, using plumb lines and levels. | E3 非结构化环境 |
| Fabricate or install metal sashes or moldings for glass installation, using aluminum or steel framing. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Measure mirrors and dimensions of areas to be covered to determine work procedures. | E2 受管理的设施 |
| Fasten glass panes into wood sashes or frames with clips, points, or moldings, adding weather seals or putty around pane edges to seal joints. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Secure mirrors in position, using mastic cement, putty, bolts, or screws. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Cut, fit, install, repair, or replace glass or glass substitutes, such as plastic or aluminum, in building interiors or exteriors or in furniture or other products. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Cut and remove broken glass prior to installing replacement glass. | E0 机器人不可 |
| Set glass doors into frames and bolt metal hinges, handles, locks, or other hardware to attach doors to frames and walls. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Score glass with cutters' wheels, breaking off excess glass by hand or with notched tools. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Cut, assemble, fit, or attach metal-framed glass enclosures for showers, bathtubs, display cases, skylights, solariums, or other structures. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Drive trucks to installation sites and unload mirrors, glass equipment, or tools. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Install pre-assembled metal or wood frameworks for windows or doors to be fitted with glass panels, using hand tools. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Cut and attach mounting strips, metal or wood moldings, rubber gaskets, or metal clips to surfaces in preparation for mirror installation. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Assemble, erect, or dismantle scaffolds, rigging, or hoisting equipment. | E0 机器人不可 |
| Load and arrange glass or mirrors onto delivery trucks, using suction cups or cranes to lift glass. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Measure and mark outlines or patterns on glass to indicate cutting lines. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Grind or polish glass, smoothing edges when necessary. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Prepare glass for cutting by resting it on rack edges or against cutting tables and brushing thin layer of oil along cutting lines or dipping cutting tools in oil. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Pack spaces between moldings and glass with glazing compounds and trim excess material with glazing knives. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Operate cranes or hoists with suction cups to lift large, heavy pieces of glass. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Move furniture to clear work sites and cover floors or furnishings with drop cloths. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Assemble and cement sections of stained glass together. | E0 机器人不可 |
| Measure, cut, fit, and press anti-glare adhesive film to glass or spray glass with tinting solution to prevent light glare. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Create patterns on glass by etching, sandblasting, or painting designs. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
职业信息
就业展望（BLS）
- 就业人数，2025
- 59K
- 预计就业人数，2035
- 60K
- 变化 (2025–35)
- +1.9%
- 年薪中位数，2025
- $57,080
- 入职通常所需学历
- High school diploma or equivalent
韩国职业分类关联（KSCO）
来自 AI Changing Work 制作的 Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1 当前版本的关联。关系值从 O*NET-SOC 职业一侧解读。
| KSCO 代码 | KSCO 名称 | 关系 | 状态 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 78352 | 유리 부착원 | 范围相同 | 已确认 |
| 78370 | 새시 조립 및 설치원 | 有重叠，但不相同 | 已确认 |
关系与状态的定义(kr-direct v1.1)
国际劳工组织（ILO）职业说明
以下 ISCO-08 职业组由 AI Changing Work 原样套用美国劳工统计局（BLS）发布的对照表（2018 SOC→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→ISCO-08）、不逐案取舍，与本职业相关联；每项关联可能是完全对应，也可能是部分对应。
- ISCO-08 7125Glaziers
玻璃安装工
自行翻译
自行翻译 · 非 ISCO 官方词汇 — 未经国际劳工组织审核。
以下定义、任务和职业示例是 ILO 对该 ISCO-08 职业组的描述，而不是对本职业的描述。
Glaziers measure, cut, finish, fit and install flat glass and mirrors.
任务
- (a) selecting the type of glass to be used, cutting to right size and shape and installing in windows, doors, showers and partitions of buildings;
- (b) installing glass and mirrors in skylights, display cases, interior walls and ceilings;
- (c) installing or replacing windscreens in vehicles or boats;
- (d) creating decorative glass features such as glass walls, staircases, balustrades and stained-glass windows.
职业示例
Autoglazier · Glazier · Roofing glazier · Vehicle glazier
Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits
ESCO 职业词汇
以下每一项都是在已公开的ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk（第 1 版，2022 年）中与本职业逐项对应的。对应类型出自该对照表；表述出自 AI Changing Work。
- plate glass installerESCO 7125.1范围相同
Plate glass installers fit panes of glass into windows and other structural elements like glass doors, walls, façades and other structures.
- vehicle glazierESCO 7125.2本职业范围更宽
Vehicle glaziers install glass in motor vehicles taking into account the automobile manufacturer specifications such as glass type, thickness, size and shape. They order and inspect windows for specific automobile models and prepare the damaged areas to install new glass.
- glass bevellerESCO 7315.2有重叠，但不相同
Glass bevellers measure, cut, assemble and install flat glass and mirrors. They also load and unload glass, mirrors and equipment, drive to installation sites, install metal or wood frameworks that need to be fitted with glass, and work according to client specifications.
- window installerESCO 7115.5有重叠，但不相同
Window installers place windows into structures and service them. They take out old windows if present, prepare the opening, mount the window, and attach it in place plumb, straight, square and watertight.
来源: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)
许可: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)
ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.
法国职业分类关联（ROME）
本职业与 ROME 4.0 职业条目（fiche）之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。标为「暂定」的关联仅凭同一模型系列（Claude）两位判定者的判定采纳，或对其判定适用运营方规则后采纳，因此其依据弱于已确认的关联。
| ROME 代码 | ROME 名称（法语） | 关系 |
|---|---|---|
| F1618 | Poseur / Poseuse de façade vitrée | 本职业范围更宽暂定 |
| F1614 | Poseur / Poseuse en fermetures de bâtiment | 有重叠，但不相同暂定 |
| F1607 | Menuisier / Menuisière aluminium | 相关，但不对应 |
| F1617 | Poseur / Poseuse de véranda | 相关，但不对应 |
| I1629 | Technicien / Technicienne de réparation et pose de vitrage des véhicules | 相关，但不对应暂定 |
Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.
ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)
西班牙职业分类关联（CNO-11）
本职业与 CNO-11 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。
| CNO-11 代码 | CNO-11 名称（西班牙语） | 关系 |
|---|---|---|
| 7293 | Cristaleros | 范围相同 |
| 7192 | Instaladores de fachadas técnicas | 相关，但不对应暂定 |
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)
德国职业分类关联（KldB）
本职业与 KldB 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。
| KldB 代码 | KldB 名称（德语） | 关系 |
|---|---|---|
| 33342 | Berufe in der Glaserei - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten | 范围相同 |
Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)
日本职业分类关联（JSCO）
本职业与 JSCO 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。
| JSCO 代码 | JSCO 名称（日语） | 关系 |
|---|---|---|
| 669 | その他の建設従事者 | 本职业范围更窄暂定 |
Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)
本页数据的来源与许可，以及 AI Changing Work 的修改与翻译说明：致谢与来源