Pipelayers
Construction and Extraction Occupations- O*NET-SOC 代码
- 47-2151.00
Lay pipe for storm or sanitation sewers, drains, and water mains. Perform any combination of the following tasks: grade trenches or culverts, position pipe, or seal joints.
- 数据来源: BLS发布时间: 2026-08
低· 相对
低四级相对区间很高职业群单位数值
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
四级相对类别(低 / 中等 / 高 / 很高)
以BLS就业预测表中831个细分职业为基数。取值按 NEM(全国就业矩阵)代码给定,因此共用同一 NEM 代码的职业得到相同分档
- 数据来源: Anthropic发布时间: 2026-03
0.000
0.000此处所载数值的范围0.745尺度 · 母数 · 来源
- 数据来源: ILO发布时间: 2025
0.18
0.09此处所载数值的范围0.70职业群单位数值
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
生成式AI暴露度指数,按发布原值0–1
按 ISCO-08 细类(4 位)发布的数值。按原样应用美国劳工统计局(BLS)的官方对照表(ISCO-08→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→2018 SOC)关联到本职业,对应关系为全部或部分对应
该来源发布的是什么性质的数值
BLS的类别是相对排位而非绝对水平,也不是一手测量:它把多项已发表研究给出的职业百分位排名归并为四个等级。它不是就业或工资预测,不是采用概率,也不区分自动化与增强。
Task-level exposure
显示隐藏的 13 项工作已评分任务 14 项 · β ≥ 0.5 的任务 1 项(7.1%)
β = 直接暴露(E1)+ 0.5 × 借助工具时的暴露(E2),依据原始代码库的定义。
- 原始单位:O*NET 27.2 任务 → O*NET 31.0 职业代码
- 所有已评分任务均在 O*NET 31.0 任务列表中。
- 来源
- OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
- 版本
- gh-main-0471612
- 许可
- MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI
Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime.
| Task (O*NET 27.2) | βE1 + 0.5 × E2 |
|---|---|
Lay out pipe routes, following written instructions or blueprints and coordinating layouts with supervisors.O*NET Task ID 11537 | 0.5 |
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page
O*NET 31.0 全部任务(14 项)
本职业在 O*NET 31.0 中的全部任务(英文原文;任务类型为核心或补充)。暴露值不列在此清单中,而在上方表格里,位于各来源所用 O*NET 版本的任务表述旁。
| 任务(O*NET 31.0) | 类型 |
|---|---|
| Check slopes for conformance to requirements, using levels or lasers. | 核心 |
| Cover pipes with earth or other materials. | 核心 |
| Connect pipe pieces and seal joints, using welding equipment, cement, or glue. | 核心 |
| Cut pipes to required lengths. | 核心 |
| Install or repair sanitary or stormwater sewer structures or pipe systems. | 核心 |
| Install or use instruments such as lasers, grade rods, or transit levels. | 核心 |
| Grade or level trench bases, using tamping machines or hand tools. | 核心 |
| Lay out pipe routes, following written instructions or blueprints and coordinating layouts with supervisors. | 核心 |
| Align and position pipes to prepare them for welding or sealing. | 核心 |
| Dig trenches to desired or required depths, by hand or using trenching tools. | 核心 |
| Operate mechanized equipment, such as pickup trucks, rollers, tandem dump trucks, front-end loaders, or backhoes. | 核心 |
| Train or supervise others in laying pipe. | 核心 |
| Tap and drill holes into pipes to introduce auxiliary lines or devices. | 核心 |
| Locate existing pipes needing repair or replacement, using magnetic or radio indicators. | 核心 |
1.03/ 3· 机器人暴露指数
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
对每项体力任务,按已实际部署、销售或演示的机器人能够完成它的环境评定 0–3 级(0 不可 · 1 围栏式机器单元、灌装线等机器人专用设施 · 2 医院药房、集装箱港口等受管理的设施 · 3 私人住宅、建筑工地等非结构化环境),再按工作时间占比求平均
以该职业 O*NET 29.3 任务中的体力任务为准
等级与时间占比由 Anthropic 使用 Claude Opus 5(网络搜索)估算(截至 2026 年)。
机器人暴露指数与本站的 AI 暴露度是不同的指标,不能相加或相互比较。该指数不代表实际采用情况或成本竞争力,0 也包括没有体力任务的职业。
每项体力任务的等级
机器人环境等级(E0–E3)
E0 机器人不可详情
评定为已实际部署、销售或演示的机器人即使在机器人专用设施中也无法完成
E1 机器人专用设施详情
评定为可在围绕机器搭建的设施中完成,例如围栏式机器单元或灌装线
E2 受管理的设施详情
评定为可在由机构按工作标准维护的人类工作设施中完成,例如医院药房或集装箱港口
E3 非结构化环境详情
评定为可在没有机构按工作标准维护的环境中完成,例如私人住宅或建筑工地
仅列出被归类为体力任务的任务;其他任务在来源中没有等级。
| 任务(O*NET 29.3) | 机器人环境等级 |
|---|---|
| Check slopes for conformance to requirements, using levels or lasers. | E2 受管理的设施 |
| Cover pipes with earth or other materials. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Connect pipe pieces and seal joints, using welding equipment, cement, or glue. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Cut pipes to required lengths. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Install or repair sanitary or stormwater sewer structures or pipe systems. | E0 机器人不可 |
| Install or use instruments such as lasers, grade rods, or transit levels. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Grade or level trench bases, using tamping machines or hand tools. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Lay out pipe routes, following written instructions or blueprints and coordinating layouts with supervisors. | E2 受管理的设施 |
| Align and position pipes to prepare them for welding or sealing. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Dig trenches to desired or required depths, by hand or using trenching tools. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Operate mechanized equipment, such as pickup trucks, rollers, tandem dump trucks, front-end loaders, or backhoes. | E2 受管理的设施 |
| Tap and drill holes into pipes to introduce auxiliary lines or devices. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Locate existing pipes needing repair or replacement, using magnetic or radio indicators. | E2 受管理的设施 |
职业信息
就业展望(BLS)
- 就业人数,2025
- 33K
- 预计就业人数,2035
- 32K
- 变化 (2025–35)
- -3.1%
- 年薪中位数,2025
- $49,000
- 入职通常所需学历
- No formal educational credential
韩国职业分类关联(KSCO)
来自 AI Changing Work 制作的 Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1 当前版本的关联。关系值从 O*NET-SOC 职业一侧解读。
| KSCO 代码 | KSCO 名称 | 关系 | 状态 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 79211 | 상·하수 배관공 | 本职业范围更窄 | 已确认 |
| 89903 | 케이블 및 배관 부설기 조작원 | 相关,但不对应 | 已确认 |
关系与状态的定义(kr-direct v1.1)
国际劳工组织(ILO)职业说明
以下 ISCO-08 职业组由 AI Changing Work 原样套用美国劳工统计局(BLS)发布的对照表(2018 SOC→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→ISCO-08)、不逐案取舍,与本职业相关联;每项关联可能是完全对应,也可能是部分对应。
- ISCO-08 7126Plumbers and Pipe Fitters
管道工和管道装配工
自行翻译
自行翻译 · 非 ISCO 官方词汇 — 未经国际劳工组织审核。
以下定义、任务和职业示例是 ILO 对该 ISCO-08 职业组的描述,而不是对本职业的描述。
Plumbers and pipe fitters assemble, install, repair and maintain pipe systems, drains, gutters, ducts and related fittings and fixtures for water, gas, drainage, sewerage, heating cooling and ventilation systems, and for hydraulic and pneumatic equipment.
任务
- (a) examining blueprints, drawings and specifications to determine the layout of plumbing and ventilation systems and materials required;
- (b) measuring, cutting, threading, bending, jointing, assembling, installing, maintaining and repairing pipes, fittings and fixtures of drainage, heating, ventilation, water supply and sewerage systems;
- (c) installing gas appliances, dishwashers and water heaters, sinks and toilets using hand and power tools;
- (d) laying clay, concrete or cast-iron pipes in ditches to form sewers, drains or water mains, or for other purposes;
- (e) inspecting, examining and testing installed systems and pipes, using pressure gauge, hydrostatic testing, observation or other methods.
职业示例
Drain technician · Gas fitter · Pipe fitter · Pipe layer · Plumber · Ventilation pipe fitter
Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits
ESCO 职业词汇
以下每一项都是在已公开的ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk(第 1 版,2022 年)中与本职业逐项对应的。对应类型出自该对照表;表述出自 AI Changing Work。
- civil engineering workerESCO 9312.1本职业范围更窄
Civil engineering workers perform tasks concerning the cleaning and preparation of construction sites for civil engineering projects. This includes the work on building and maintenance of roads, railways and dams.
- drainage workerESCO 9312.1.1本职业范围更宽
Drainage workers assemble and maintain drainage and dewatering systems. They lay tubes or drainpipes to dry out the ground of a certain structure in order to put a hold to imminent groundwater. This work is usually performed under pavements and in basements.
- sewer construction workerESCO 7126.11本职业范围更宽
Sewer construction workers install sewer pipes to transport wastewater out of structures and to a body of water or treatment facility. They dig trenches and insert the pipes, making sure they have correct angle and are connected watertigh. Sewer construction workers also construct other elements of sewage infrastructure, such as manholes, and maintain and repair existing systems.
来源: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)
许可: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)
ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.
法国职业分类关联(ROME)
本职业与 ROME 4.0 职业条目(fiche)之间的关联,由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。标为「暂定」的关联仅凭同一模型系列(Claude)两位判定者的判定采纳,或对其判定适用运营方规则后采纳,因此其依据弱于已确认的关联。
| ROME 代码 | ROME 名称(法语) | 关系 |
|---|---|---|
| F1705 | Poseur / Poseuse de canalisations | 范围相同暂定 |
| F1704 | Manœuvre du Bâtiment et des Travaux Publics | 相关,但不对应暂定 |
Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.
ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)
西班牙职业分类关联(CNO-11)
本职业与 CNO-11 职业之间的关联,由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。
| CNO-11 代码 | CNO-11 名称(西班牙语) | 关系 |
|---|---|---|
| 7223 | Instaladores de conductos en obra pública | 范围相同 |
| 9601 | Peones de obras públicas | 相关,但不对应 |
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)
德国职业分类关联(KldB)
本职业与 KldB 职业之间的关联,由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。
| KldB 代码 | KldB 名称(德语) | 关系 |
|---|---|---|
| 34322 | Berufe im Rohrleitungsbau - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten | 有重叠,但不相同 |
| 32252 | Berufe im Kanal- und Tunnelbau - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten | 有重叠,但不相同暂定 |
Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)
日本职业分类关联(JSCO)
本职业与 JSCO 职业之间的关联,由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。
| JSCO 代码 | JSCO 名称(日语) | 关系 |
|---|---|---|
| 681 | 土木従事者 | 本职业范围更窄暂定 |
| 666 | 配管従事者 | 相关,但不对应暂定 |
Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)
本页数据的来源与许可,以及 AI Changing Work 的修改与翻译说明:致谢与来源