Electrical and Electronics Repairers, Commercial and Industrial Equipment
Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Occupations- O*NET-SOC 代码
- 49-2094.00
Repair, test, adjust, or install electronic equipment, such as industrial controls, transmitters, and antennas.
- 数据来源: BLS发布时间: 2026-08
中等· 相对
低四级相对区间很高职业群单位数值
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
四级相对类别（低 / 中等 / 高 / 很高）
以BLS就业预测表中831个细分职业为基数。取值按 NEM（全国就业矩阵）代码给定，因此共用同一 NEM 代码的职业得到相同分档
- 数据来源: Anthropic发布时间: 2026-03
0.000
0.000此处所载数值的范围0.745尺度 · 母数 · 来源
- 数据来源: ILO发布时间: 2025
0.17–0.25· ISCO-08 职业组 2 个
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
生成式AI暴露度指数，按发布原值0–1
按 ISCO-08 细类（4 位）发布的数值。按原样应用美国劳工统计局（BLS）的官方对照表（ISCO-08→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→2018 SOC）关联到本职业，对应关系为全部或部分对应
该来源发布的是什么性质的数值
BLS的类别是相对排位而非绝对水平，也不是一手测量：它把多项已发表研究给出的职业百分位排名归并为四个等级。它不是就业或工资预测，不是采用概率，也不区分自动化与增强。
各关联 ISCO-08 职业组的 ILO 数值
- ISCO-08 7412Electrical Mechanics and Fitters0.17
- ISCO-08 7421Electronics Mechanics and Servicers0.25
Task-level exposure
显示隐藏的 17 项工作已评分任务 20 项 · β ≥ 0.5 的任务 9 项（45.0%）
β = 直接暴露（E1）+ 0.5 × 借助工具时的暴露（E2），依据原始代码库的定义。
- 原始单位：O*NET 27.2 任务 → O*NET 31.0 职业代码
- 所有已评分任务均在 O*NET 31.0 任务列表中。
- 来源
- OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
- 版本
- gh-main-0471612
- 许可
- MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI
| Task (O*NET 20.1) | Claude.aiRaw / share % |
|---|---|
Advise management regarding customer satisfaction, product performance, or suggestions for product improvements.49-2094.00 | 0.009158.9 |
Calibrate testing instruments and installed or repaired equipment to prescribed specifications.49-2094.00 | 0.004025.8 |
Develop or modify industrial electronic devices, circuits, or equipment, according to available specifications.49-2094.00 | 0.002415.2 |
Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.
| Task (O*NET 27.2) | βE1 + 0.5 × E2 |
|---|---|
Maintain equipment logs that record performance problems, repairs, calibrations, or tests.O*NET Task ID 892 | 1.0 |
Enter information into computer to copy program or to draw, modify, or store schematics, applying knowledge of software package used.O*NET Task ID 899 | 1.0 |
Sign overhaul documents for equipment replaced or repaired.O*NET Task ID 900 | 1.0 |
Develop or modify industrial electronic devices, circuits, or equipment, according to available specifications.O*NET Task ID 901 | 1.0 |
Advise management regarding customer satisfaction, product performance, or suggestions for product improvements.O*NET Task ID 889 | 0.5 |
Study blueprints, schematics, manuals, or other specifications to determine installation procedures.O*NET Task ID 891 | 0.5 |
Maintain inventory of spare parts.O*NET Task ID 894 | 0.5 |
Consult with customers, supervisors, or engineers to plan layout of equipment or to resolve problems in system operation or maintenance.O*NET Task ID 895 | 0.5 |
Determine feasibility of using standardized equipment or develop specifications for equipment required to perform additional functions.O*NET Task ID 898 | 0.5 |
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page
O*NET 31.0 全部任务（20 项）
本职业在 O*NET 31.0 中的全部任务（英文原文；任务类型为核心或补充）。暴露值不列在此清单中，而在上方表格里，位于各来源所用 O*NET 版本的任务表述旁。
| 任务（O*NET 31.0） | 类型 |
|---|---|
| Perform scheduled preventive maintenance tasks, such as checking, cleaning, or repairing equipment, to detect and prevent problems. | 核心 |
| Examine work orders and converse with equipment operators to detect equipment problems and to ascertain whether mechanical or human errors contributed to the problems. | 核心 |
| Set up and test industrial equipment to ensure that it functions properly. | 核心 |
| Operate equipment to demonstrate proper use or to analyze malfunctions. | 核心 |
| Test faulty equipment to diagnose malfunctions, using test equipment or software, and applying knowledge of the functional operation of electronic units and systems. | 核心 |
| Repair or adjust equipment, machines, or defective components, replacing worn parts, such as gaskets or seals in watertight electrical equipment. | 核心 |
| Calibrate testing instruments and installed or repaired equipment to prescribed specifications. | 核心 |
| Advise management regarding customer satisfaction, product performance, or suggestions for product improvements. | 核心 |
| Inspect components of industrial equipment for accurate assembly and installation or for defects, such as loose connections or frayed wires. | 核心 |
| Study blueprints, schematics, manuals, or other specifications to determine installation procedures. | 核心 |
| Maintain equipment logs that record performance problems, repairs, calibrations, or tests. | 核心 |
| Coordinate efforts with other workers involved in installing or maintaining equipment or components. | 核心 |
| Maintain inventory of spare parts. | 核心 |
| Consult with customers, supervisors, or engineers to plan layout of equipment or to resolve problems in system operation or maintenance. | 核心 |
| Send defective units to the manufacturer or to a specialized repair shop for repair. | 核心 |
| Install repaired equipment in various settings, such as industrial or military establishments. | 核心 |
| Determine feasibility of using standardized equipment or develop specifications for equipment required to perform additional functions. | 核心 |
| Enter information into computer to copy program or to draw, modify, or store schematics, applying knowledge of software package used. | 核心 |
| Develop or modify industrial electronic devices, circuits, or equipment, according to available specifications. | 核心 |
| Sign overhaul documents for equipment replaced or repaired. | 补充 |
0.23/ 3· 机器人暴露指数
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
对每项体力任务，按已实际部署、销售或演示的机器人能够完成它的环境评定 0–3 级（0 不可 · 1 围栏式机器单元、灌装线等机器人专用设施 · 2 医院药房、集装箱港口等受管理的设施 · 3 私人住宅、建筑工地等非结构化环境），再按工作时间占比求平均
以该职业 O*NET 29.3 任务中的体力任务为准
等级与时间占比由 Anthropic 使用 Claude Opus 5（网络搜索）估算（截至 2026 年）。
机器人暴露指数与本站的 AI 暴露度是不同的指标，不能相加或相互比较。该指数不代表实际采用情况或成本竞争力，0 也包括没有体力任务的职业。
每项体力任务的等级
机器人环境等级（E0–E3）
E0 机器人不可详情
评定为已实际部署、销售或演示的机器人即使在机器人专用设施中也无法完成
E1 机器人专用设施详情
评定为可在围绕机器搭建的设施中完成，例如围栏式机器单元或灌装线
E2 受管理的设施详情
评定为可在由机构按工作标准维护的人类工作设施中完成，例如医院药房或集装箱港口
E3 非结构化环境详情
评定为可在没有机构按工作标准维护的环境中完成，例如私人住宅或建筑工地
仅列出被归类为体力任务的任务；其他任务在来源中没有等级。
| 任务（O*NET 29.3） | 机器人环境等级 |
|---|---|
| Perform scheduled preventive maintenance tasks, such as checking, cleaning, or repairing equipment, to detect and prevent problems. | E0 机器人不可 |
| Set up and test industrial equipment to ensure that it functions properly. | E0 机器人不可 |
| Operate equipment to demonstrate proper use or to analyze malfunctions. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Test faulty equipment to diagnose malfunctions, using test equipment or software, and applying knowledge of the functional operation of electronic units and systems. | E0 机器人不可 |
| Repair or adjust equipment, machines, or defective components, replacing worn parts, such as gaskets or seals in watertight electrical equipment. | E0 机器人不可 |
| Calibrate testing instruments and installed or repaired equipment to prescribed specifications. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Inspect components of industrial equipment for accurate assembly and installation or for defects, such as loose connections or frayed wires. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Maintain inventory of spare parts. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Send defective units to the manufacturer or to a specialized repair shop for repair. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Install repaired equipment in various settings, such as industrial or military establishments. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Develop or modify industrial electronic devices, circuits, or equipment, according to available specifications. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
职业信息
就业展望（BLS）
- 就业人数，2025
- 66K
- 预计就业人数，2035
- 66K
- 变化 (2025–35)
- +0.3%
- 年薪中位数，2025
- $74,090
- 入职通常所需学历
- Postsecondary nondegree award
韩国职业分类关联（KSCO）
来自 AI Changing Work 制作的 Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1 当前版本的关联。关系值从 O*NET-SOC 职业一侧解读。
| KSCO 代码 | KSCO 名称 | 关系 | 状态 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 76224 | 전기제어장치 설치 및 정비원 | 有重叠，但不相同 | 已确认 |
| 86202 | 공장 전기 및 전자설비 조작원 | 有重叠，但不相同 | 已确认 |
| 76214 | 플랜트 전기 설치원 | 相关，但不对应 | 已确认 |
关系与状态的定义(kr-direct v1.1)
国际劳工组织（ILO）职业说明
以下 ISCO-08 职业组由 AI Changing Work 原样套用美国劳工统计局（BLS）发布的对照表（2018 SOC→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→ISCO-08）、不逐案取舍，与本职业相关联；每项关联可能是完全对应，也可能是部分对应。
- ISCO-08 7412Electrical Mechanics and Fitters
电气机械工和装配工
- ISCO-08 7421Electronics Mechanics and Servicers
电子机械工和维修服务工
自行翻译
自行翻译 · 非 ISCO 官方词汇 — 未经国际劳工组织审核。
Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits
ESCO 职业词汇
以下每一项都是在已公开的ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk（第 1 版，2022 年）中与本职业逐项对应的。对应类型出自该对照表；表述出自 AI Changing Work。
- consumer electronics repair technicianESCO 7421.3范围相同
Consumer electronics repair technicians use electrical equipment to diagnose malfunctions and test functionality of consumer electronics such as TVs, video and audio systems and digital cameras. They read manufacturers' instructions and conduct the necessary repairs or replacements.
- electricianESCO 7411.1本职业范围更窄
Electricians fit and repair electrical circuits and wiring systems. They also install and maintain electrical equipment and machinery. This work can be performed indoors as well as outdoors, in nearly every type of facility.
- building electricianESCO 7411.1.1本职业范围更宽
Building electricians install and maintain electricity cables and other electrical infrastructure in buildings. They make sure installed electrical equipment is isolated and presents no fire hazards. They understand existing situations and make improvements if called for.
- industrial electricianESCO 7411.1.1.2本职业范围更宽
Industrial electricians install and maintain electricity cables and other electrical infrastructure in large industrial and commercial buildings. They perform inspections and repair defective parts of electrical systems to ensure efficiency.
- marine electronics technicianESCO 7421.4本职业范围更宽
Marine electronics technicians lay out, install and repair electronic systems and equipment in vessels. They assemble electronic components and wiring according to blueprints and assembly drawings.
- railway electronic technicianESCO 7421.6本职业范围更宽
Railway electronic technicians are responsible for installing, inspecting, testing, and maintaining train control systems, radio, radar, electronic and electromagnetic components.
- electrical engineering technicianESCO 3113.1有重叠，但不相同
Electrical engineering technicians work together with electrical engineers in electrical engineering research. They perform technical tasks and aid in the designing, testing, manufacturing and operation of electrical devices and facilities.
- electrical mechanicESCO 7412.3有重叠，但不相同
Electrical mechanics install, repair and maintain mechanical and electrical components of machinery, tools and equipment. They test electrical parts to ensure efficiency and make improvements accordingly.
- electromechanical engineering technicianESCO 3113.1.2有重叠，但不相同
Electromechanical engineering technicians collaborate with electromechanical engineers in the development of electromechanical equipment. Electromechanical engineering technicians are responsible for building, installing, testing, monitoring, and maintaining the electromechanical equipment, circuits and systems. They test this by the use of test instruments such as oscilloscopes and voltmeters. Electromechanical engineering technicians also use soldering equipment and hand tools to repair electromechanical equipment.
来源: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)
许可: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)
ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.
法国职业分类关联（ROME）
本职业与 ROME 4.0 职业条目（fiche）之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。标为「暂定」的关联仅凭同一模型系列（Claude）两位判定者的判定采纳，或对其判定适用运营方规则后采纳，因此其依据弱于已确认的关联。
| ROME 代码 | ROME 名称（法语） | 关系 |
|---|---|---|
| I1318 | Instrumentiste Industriel / Industrielle | 本职业范围更宽暂定 |
| I1302 | Technicien / Technicienne de maintenance d'installations automatisées | 有重叠，但不相同暂定 |
| I1305 | Technicien / Technicienne installation et maintenance électronique | 有重叠，但不相同暂定 |
Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.
ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)
西班牙职业分类关联（CNO-11）
本职业与 CNO-11 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。
| CNO-11 代码 | CNO-11 名称（西班牙语） | 关系 |
|---|---|---|
| 7531 | Mecánicos y reparadores de equipos electrónicos | 本职业范围更窄暂定 |
| 7521 | Mecánicos y reparadores de equipos eléctricos | 相关，但不对应暂定 |
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)
德国职业分类关联（KldB）
本职业与 KldB 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。
| KldB 代码 | KldB 名称（德语） | 关系 |
|---|---|---|
| 25132 | Technische Servicekräfte in Wartung und Instandhaltung - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten | 本职业范围更窄暂定 |
| 26122 | Berufe in der Automatisierungstechnik - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten | 有重叠，但不相同 |
| 26252 | Berufe in der elektrischen Betriebstechnik - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten | 有重叠，但不相同 |
| 26382 | Berufe in der Elektrotechnik (sonstige spezifische Tätigkeitsangabe) - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten | 相关，但不对应暂定 |
Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)
日本职业分类关联（JSCO）
本职业与 JSCO 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。
| JSCO 代码 | JSCO 名称（日语） | 关系 |
|---|---|---|
| 552 | 電気機械器具整備・修理従事者 | 本职业范围更窄 |
Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)
本页数据的来源与许可，以及 AI Changing Work 的修改与翻译说明：致谢与来源