Electrical and Electronics Repairers, Powerhouse, Substation, and Relay

Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Occupations
O*NET-SOC 代码
49-2095.00

Inspect, test, repair, or maintain electrical equipment in generating stations, substations, and in-service relays.

  • 数据来源: BLS发布时间: 2026-08

    中等· 相对

    低四级相对区间很高

    职业群单位数值

    尺度 · 母数 · 来源

    四级相对类别（低 / 中等 / 高 / 很高）

    以BLS就业预测表中831个细分职业为基数。取值按 NEM（全国就业矩阵）代码给定，因此共用同一 NEM 代码的职业得到相同分档

    来源数据集（XLSX 文件下载）

  • 数据来源: Anthropic发布时间: 2026-03

    0.000

    0.000此处所载数值的范围0.745
    尺度 · 母数 · 来源

    观测暴露度指数，按发布原值0–1

    以O*NET任务映射为基准

    按 SOC 2018 职业发布的数值；具有相同 SOC 2018 代码的所有 O*NET 职业均显示此值

    来源数据集（CSV 文件下载）

  • 数据来源: ILO发布时间: 2025

    0.17–0.25· ISCO-08 职业组 2 个

    尺度 · 母数 · 来源

    生成式AI暴露度指数，按发布原值0–1

    按 ISCO-08 细类（4 位）发布的数值。按原样应用美国劳工统计局（BLS）的官方对照表（ISCO-08→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→2018 SOC）关联到本职业，对应关系为全部或部分对应

    来源数据集（PDF 文件下载）

该来源发布的是什么性质的数值

BLS的类别是相对排位而非绝对水平，也不是一手测量：它把多项已发表研究给出的职业百分位排名归并为四个等级。它不是就业或工资预测，不是采用概率，也不区分自动化与增强。

各关联 ISCO-08 职业组的 ILO 数值
  • ISCO-08 7412Electrical Mechanics and Fitters0.17
  • ISCO-08 7421Electronics Mechanics and Servicers0.25

Task-level exposure

仅显示有暴露的工作

已评分任务 16 项 · β ≥ 0.5 的任务 6 项（37.5%）

β = 直接暴露（E1）+ 0.5 × 借助工具时的暴露（E2），依据原始代码库的定义。

  • 原始单位：O*NET 27.2 任务 → O*NET 31.0 职业代码
  • 已评分任务中有 1 项不在 O*NET 31.0 任务列表中，其分数按 O*NET 27.2 的发布值保留。
来源
OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
版本
gh-main-0471612
许可
MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI
Task (O*NET 30.2)Claude.aiRaw / share %APIRaw / share %
Analyze test data to diagnose malfunctions, to determine performance characteristics of systems, or to evaluate effects of system modifications.

49-2095.00

0.0600100.00.1500100.0
Prepare and maintain records detailing tests, repairs, and maintenance.

49-2095.00

0.00000.00.00000.0
Not observed on any surface — 13 task(s) — These tasks have no row in the source for this release. The 0 in the share row is a display-stage composition ratio; absence is what the — in the raw row states.
Inspect and test equipment and circuits to identify malfunctions or defects, using wiring diagrams and testing devices such as ohmmeters, voltmeters, or ammeters.
—0—0
Consult manuals, schematics, wiring diagrams, and engineering personnel to troubleshoot and solve equipment problems and to determine optimum equipment functioning.
—0—0
Notify facility personnel of equipment shutdowns.
—0—0
Open and close switches to isolate defective relays, performing adjustments or repairs.
—0—0
Repair, replace, and clean equipment and components such as circuit breakers, brushes, and commutators.
—0—0
Run signal quality and connectivity tests for individual cables, and record results.
—0—0
Maintain inventories of spare parts for all equipment, requisitioning parts as necessary.
—0—0
Construct, test, maintain, and repair substation relay and control systems.
—0—0
Test insulators and bushings of equipment by inducing voltage across insulation, testing current, and calculating insulation loss.
—0—0
Disconnect voltage regulators, bolts, and screws, and connect replacement regulators to high-voltage lines.
—0—0
Schedule and supervise the construction and testing of special devices and the implementation of unique monitoring or control systems.
—0—0
Schedule and supervise splicing or termination of cables in color-code order.
—0—0
Test oil in circuit breakers and transformers for dielectric strength, refilling oil periodically.
—0—0

Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page

O*NET 31.0 全部任务（15 项）

本职业在 O*NET 31.0 中的全部任务（英文原文；任务类型为核心或补充）。暴露值不列在此清单中，而在上方表格里，位于各来源所用 O*NET 版本的任务表述旁。

任务（O*NET 31.0）类型
Inspect and test equipment and circuits to identify malfunctions or defects, using wiring diagrams and testing devices such as ohmmeters, voltmeters, or ammeters.核心
Consult manuals, schematics, wiring diagrams, and engineering personnel to troubleshoot and solve equipment problems and to determine optimum equipment functioning.核心
Notify facility personnel of equipment shutdowns.核心
Open and close switches to isolate defective relays, performing adjustments or repairs.核心
Prepare and maintain records detailing tests, repairs, and maintenance.核心
Analyze test data to diagnose malfunctions, to determine performance characteristics of systems, or to evaluate effects of system modifications.核心
Repair, replace, and clean equipment and components such as circuit breakers, brushes, and commutators.核心
Run signal quality and connectivity tests for individual cables, and record results.核心
Maintain inventories of spare parts for all equipment, requisitioning parts as necessary.核心
Construct, test, maintain, and repair substation relay and control systems.补充
Test insulators and bushings of equipment by inducing voltage across insulation, testing current, and calculating insulation loss.补充
Disconnect voltage regulators, bolts, and screws, and connect replacement regulators to high-voltage lines.补充
Schedule and supervise the construction and testing of special devices and the implementation of unique monitoring or control systems.补充
Schedule and supervise splicing or termination of cables in color-code order.补充
Test oil in circuit breakers and transformers for dielectric strength, refilling oil periodically.补充

职业信息

就业展望（BLS）

就业人数，2025
21K
预计就业人数，2035
23K
变化 (2025–35)
+9.7%
年薪中位数，2025
$103,020
入职通常所需学历
Postsecondary nondegree award
最低 $30,890BLS EP 2025–35 中 825 个细分职业的工资中位数范围最高 $559,030

来源: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment Projections 2025–35 — Employment by detailed occupation, 2025 and projected 2035

韩国职业分类关联（KSCO）

来自 AI Changing Work 制作的 Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1 当前版本的关联。关系值从 O*NET-SOC 职业一侧解读。

KSCO 代码KSCO 名称关系状态
76225전기기기 설치 및 정비원本职业范围更窄已确认

关系与状态的定义(kr-direct v1.1)

国际劳工组织（ILO）职业说明

以下 ISCO-08 职业组由 AI Changing Work 原样套用美国劳工统计局（BLS）发布的对照表（2018 SOC→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→ISCO-08）、不逐案取舍，与本职业相关联；每项关联可能是完全对应，也可能是部分对应。

  • ISCO-08 7412Electrical Mechanics and Fitters

    电气机械工和装配工

  • ISCO-08 7421Electronics Mechanics and Servicers

    电子机械工和维修服务工

自行翻译

自行翻译 · 非 ISCO 官方词汇 — 未经国际劳工组织审核。

Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits

ESCO 职业词汇

以下每一项都是在已公开的ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk（第 1 版，2022 年）中与本职业逐项对应的。对应类型出自该对照表；表述出自 AI Changing Work。

  • electricianESCO 7411.1本职业范围更窄

    Electricians fit and repair electrical circuits and wiring systems. They also install and maintain electrical equipment and machinery. This work can be performed indoors as well as outdoors, in nearly every type of facility.

  • building electricianESCO 7411.1.1本职业范围更宽

    Building electricians install and maintain electricity cables and other electrical infrastructure in buildings. They make sure installed electrical equipment is isolated and presents no fire hazards. They understand existing situations and make improvements if called for.

  • electrical power distributorESCO 3131.1.1本职业范围更宽

    Electrical power distributors operate and maintain equipment which deliver the energy from the transmission system to the consumer. They supervise power line maintenance and repairs, and ensure the distribution needs are met. They also react to faults in the distribution system which cause problems such as outages.

  • industrial electricianESCO 7411.1.1.2本职业范围更宽

    Industrial electricians install and maintain electricity cables and other electrical infrastructure in large industrial and commercial buildings. They perform inspections and repair defective parts of electrical systems to ensure efficiency.

  • overhead line workerESCO 7413.1.2本职业范围更宽

    Overhead line workers construct and maintain power supply and control cables in overhead power lines. They also make and repair electrical cables connecting customers to the electricity network.

  • street lighting electricianESCO 7413.1.3本职业范围更宽

    Street lighting electricians construct and maintain electric power transmission and distribution in street lights. They maintain, test and repair street lights in compliance with safety regulations.

  • electrical transmission system operatorESCO 3131.1.2有重叠，但不相同

    Electrical transmission system operators transport energy in the form of electrical power. They transmit electrical power from generation plants over an interconnected network, an electrical grid, to electricity distribution stations.

  • electricity distribution workerESCO 7413.1有重叠，但不相同

    Electricity distribution workers construct and maintain electric power transmission and distribution systems. They maintain and repair powerlines, compliant with safety regulations.

  • power plant control room operatorESCO 3131.1.7有重叠，但不相同

    Power plant control room operators are responsible for the safe and proper operation of power plants, switchyards and associated control structures. They repair and maintain the involved machinery and equipment to ensure the plant's efficient operation and to tackle emergency situations such as blackouts.

  • power production plant operatorESCO 3131.1有重叠，但不相同

    Power production plant operators maintain and operate the equipment in power stations and other energy production plants. They repair faults, operate machinery directly or from a control room, and handle materials related to electricity production in compliance with safety and environmental procedures. They facilitate interaction between electrical energy facilities, ensuring that distribution occurs safely.

来源: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)

许可: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)

查看原文

ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.

法国职业分类关联（ROME）

本职业与 ROME 4.0 职业条目（fiche）之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。标为「暂定」的关联仅凭同一模型系列（Claude）两位判定者的判定采纳，或对其判定适用运营方规则后采纳，因此其依据弱于已确认的关联。

ROME 代码ROME 名称（法语）关系
I1309Electricien / Electricienne de maintenance本职业范围更窄暂定
F1605Monteur / Monteuse de réseaux électriques相关，但不对应暂定
I1318Instrumentiste Industriel / Industrielle相关，但不对应暂定

Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.

ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)

西班牙职业分类关联（CNO-11）

本职业与 CNO-11 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。

CNO-11 代码CNO-11 名称（西班牙语）关系
7521Mecánicos y reparadores de equipos eléctricos本职业范围更窄暂定
3123Técnicos en electricidad相关，但不对应暂定

Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)

德国职业分类关联（KldB）

本职业与 KldB 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。

KldB 代码KldB 名称（德语）关系
26252Berufe in der elektrischen Betriebstechnik - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten本职业范围更窄
26232Berufe in der Energie- und Kraftwerkstechnik - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten相关，但不对应
26253Berufe in der elektrischen Betriebstechnik - komplexe Spezialistentätigkeiten相关，但不对应暂定

Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)

日本职业分类关联（JSCO）

本职业与 JSCO 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。

JSCO 代码JSCO 名称（日语）关系
641発電員，変電員本职业范围更窄暂定
552電気機械器具整備・修理従事者相关，但不对应

Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)

本页数据的来源与许可，以及 AI Changing Work 的修改与翻译说明：致谢与来源