Commercial Divers

Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Occupations
O*NET-SOC 代码
49-9092.00

Work below surface of water, using surface-supplied air or scuba equipment to inspect, repair, remove, or install equipment and structures. May use a variety of power and hand tools, such as drills, sledgehammers, torches, and welding equipment. May conduct tests or experiments, rig explosives, or photograph structures or marine life.

  • 数据来源: BLS发布时间: 2026-08

    低· 相对

    低四级相对区间很高

    职业群单位数值

    尺度 · 母数 · 来源

    四级相对类别（低 / 中等 / 高 / 很高）

    以BLS就业预测表中831个细分职业为基数。取值按 NEM（全国就业矩阵）代码给定，因此共用同一 NEM 代码的职业得到相同分档

    来源数据集（XLSX 文件下载）

  • 数据来源: Anthropic发布时间: 2026-03

    0.000

    0.000此处所载数值的范围0.745
    尺度 · 母数 · 来源

    观测暴露度指数，按发布原值0–1

    以O*NET任务映射为基准

    按 SOC 2018 职业发布的数值；具有相同 SOC 2018 代码的所有 O*NET 职业均显示此值

    来源数据集（CSV 文件下载）

  • 数据来源: ILO发布时间: 2025

    0.16

    0.09此处所载数值的范围0.70

    职业群单位数值

    尺度 · 母数 · 来源

    生成式AI暴露度指数，按发布原值0–1

    按 ISCO-08 细类（4 位）发布的数值。按原样应用美国劳工统计局（BLS）的官方对照表（ISCO-08→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→2018 SOC）关联到本职业，对应关系为全部或部分对应

    来源数据集（PDF 文件下载）

该来源发布的是什么性质的数值

BLS的类别是相对排位而非绝对水平，也不是一手测量：它把多项已发表研究给出的职业百分位排名归并为四个等级。它不是就业或工资预测，不是采用概率，也不区分自动化与增强。

Task-level exposure

显示隐藏的 22 项工作

已评分任务 25 项 · β ≥ 0.5 的任务 3 项（12.0%）

β = 直接暴露（E1）+ 0.5 × 借助工具时的暴露（E2），依据原始代码库的定义。

  • 原始单位：O*NET 27.2 任务 → O*NET 31.0 职业代码
  • 已评分任务中有 1 项不在 O*NET 31.0 任务列表中，其分数按 O*NET 27.2 的发布值保留。
来源
OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
版本
gh-main-0471612
许可
MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI

Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.

Task (O*NET 27.2)βE1 + 0.5 × E2
Inspect and test docks, ships, buoyage systems, plant intakes or outflows, or underwater pipelines, cables, or sewers, using closed circuit television, still photography, and testing equipment.

O*NET Task ID 13859

0.5
Take test samples or photographs to assess the condition of vessels or structures.

O*NET Task ID 13864

0.5
Operate underwater video, sonar, recording, or related equipment to investigate underwater structures or marine life.

O*NET Task ID 13866

0.5

β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.

Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page

O*NET 31.0 全部任务（24 项）

本职业在 O*NET 31.0 中的全部任务（英文原文；任务类型为核心或补充）。暴露值不列在此清单中，而在上方表格里，位于各来源所用 O*NET 版本的任务表述旁。

任务（O*NET 31.0）类型
Communicate with workers on the surface while underwater, using signal lines or telephones.核心
Take appropriate safety precautions, such as monitoring dive lengths and depths and registering with authorities before diving expeditions begin.核心
Check and maintain diving equipment, such as helmets, masks, air tanks, harnesses, or gauges.核心
Descend into water with the aid of diver helpers, using scuba gear or diving suits.核心
Obtain information about diving tasks and environmental conditions.核心
Inspect and test docks, ships, buoyage systems, plant intakes or outflows, or underwater pipelines, cables, or sewers, using closed circuit television, still photography, and testing equipment.核心
Repair ships, bridge foundations, or other structures below the water line, using caulk, bolts, and hand tools.核心
Cut and weld steel, using underwater welding equipment, jigs, and supports.核心
Recover objects by placing rigging around sunken objects, hooking rigging to crane lines, and operating winches, derricks, or cranes to raise objects.核心
Install pilings or footings for piers or bridges.核心
Take test samples or photographs to assess the condition of vessels or structures.核心
Install, inspect, clean, or repair piping or valves.核心
Operate underwater video, sonar, recording, or related equipment to investigate underwater structures or marine life.核心
Remove obstructions from strainers or marine railway or launching ways, using pneumatic or power hand tools.核心
Salvage wrecked ships or their cargo, using pneumatic power velocity and hydraulic tools and explosive charges, when necessary.核心
Set or guide placement of pilings or sandbags to provide support for structures, such as docks, bridges, cofferdams, or platforms.核心
Perform activities related to underwater search and rescue, salvage, recovery, or cleanup operations.核心
Supervise or train other divers, including hobby divers.核心
Carry out non-destructive testing, such as tests for cracks on the legs of oil rigs at sea.核心
Inspect the condition of underwater steel or wood structures.核心
Drill holes in rock and rig explosives for underwater demolitions.补充
Remove rubbish or pollution from the sea.补充
Perform offshore oil or gas exploration or extraction duties, such as conducting underwater surveys or repairing and maintaining drilling rigs or platforms.补充
Cultivate or harvest marine species or perform routine work on fish farms.补充

职业信息

就业展望（BLS）

就业人数，2025
4K
预计就业人数，2035
4K
变化 (2025–35)
+4.8%
年薪中位数，2025
$72,990
入职通常所需学历
Postsecondary nondegree award
最低 $30,890BLS EP 2025–35 中 825 个细分职业的工资中位数范围最高 $559,030

来源: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment Projections 2025–35 — Employment by detailed occupation, 2025 and projected 2035

韩国职业分类关联（KSCO）

来自 AI Changing Work 制作的 Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1 当前版本的关联。关系值从 O*NET-SOC 职业一侧解读。

KSCO 代码KSCO 名称关系状态
78492잠수 기능원范围相同已确认

关系与状态的定义(kr-direct v1.1)

国际劳工组织（ILO）职业说明

以下 ISCO-08 职业组由 AI Changing Work 原样套用美国劳工统计局（BLS）发布的对照表（2018 SOC→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→ISCO-08）、不逐案取舍，与本职业相关联；每项关联可能是完全对应，也可能是部分对应。

  • ISCO-08 7541Underwater Divers

    潜水员

自行翻译

自行翻译 · 非 ISCO 官方词汇 — 未经国际劳工组织审核。

以下定义、任务和职业示例是 ILO 对该 ISCO-08 职业组的描述，而不是对本职业的描述。

Underwater divers work under the surface of water, with or without the aid of underwater breathing apparatus, to inspect, install, repair and remove equipment and structures, conduct tests or experiments, rig explosives, photograph structures or marine life, collect various forms of aquatic life for commercial or research purposes, and find and recover missing items and persons.

任务

  • (a) taking safety precautions, such as monitoring dive lengths and depths, and registering with authorities before diving expeditions begin;
  • (b) checking and maintaining diving equipment such as helmets, masks, air tanks, diving suits, harnesses and gauges;
  • (c) descending into water with the aid of diver helpers, using scuba gear or diving suits;
  • (d) working under water to lay and repair bridges, piers and harbour-wall foundations;
  • (e) inspecting for suspected damage and making minor repairs to ships' hulls and underwater installations;
  • (f) reporting on condition of wrecked ships;
  • (g) removing underwater obstructions;
  • (h) drilling holes for underwater blasting;
  • (i) performing various underwater tasks connected with salvage work or recovering dead bodies;
  • (j) gathering shellfish, sponges and other aquatic life forms
  • (j) communicating with workers on the surface while under water, using signal lines or telephones;
  • (k) obtaining information about diving tasks and environmental conditions.

职业示例

Oyster diver · Salvage frogman · Sponge diver · Underwater worker

Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits

ESCO 职业词汇

以下每一项都是在已公开的ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk（第 1 版，2022 年）中与本职业逐项对应的。对应类型出自该对照表；表述出自 AI Changing Work。

  • construction commercial diverESCO 7541.1本职业范围更宽

    Commercial divers work below the surface of the water to install equipment, such as hydraulic structures, waterways and marine facilities. They also inspect, remove and repair the structures.

  • harvest diverESCO 7541.2本职业范围更宽

    Harvest divers perform extraction and collection of marine resources, such as algae, coral, razor shells, sea urchins and sponges, in a safe, competent and responsible manner to a depth of 12 metres, using apnoea diving techniques as well as air supply equipment from the surface, open-circuit.

  • rescue diverESCO 7541.3本职业范围更宽

    Rescue divers are divers that manage underwater emergencies. They prevent and manage problems underwater, handle dive emergencies and operate rescue equipment. Rescue divers manage diving operations in seas or waterways. They work under demanding physical conditions to rescue and retrieve people or objects.

  • underwater construction supervisorESCO 3123.2有重叠，但不相同

    Underwater construction supervisors monitor underwater construction projects such as tunnels, canal locks and bridge pillars. They guide and instruct construction commercial divers and make sure they adhere to safety regulations.

来源: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)

许可: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)

查看原文

ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.

法国职业分类关联（ROME）

本职业与 ROME 4.0 职业条目（fiche）之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。标为「暂定」的关联仅凭同一模型系列（Claude）两位判定者的判定采纳，或对其判定适用运营方规则后采纳，因此其依据弱于已确认的关联。

ROME 代码ROME 名称（法语）关系
I1502Plongeur scaphandrier / Plongeuse scaphandrière范围相同暂定
I1509Scaphandrier inspecteur / Scaphandrière inspectrice本职业范围更宽暂定
I1513Chef d'équipe scaphandrier / Cheffe d'équipe scaphandrière本职业范围更宽暂定
I1510Plongeur / Plongeuse scientifique et technique相关，但不对应
K1722Plongeur démineur / Plongeuse démineuse militaire dans les fonds marins相关，但不对应

Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.

ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)

西班牙职业分类关联（CNO-11）

本职业与 CNO-11 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。

CNO-11 代码CNO-11 名称（西班牙语）关系
7891Buceadores范围相同暂定

Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)

德国职业分类关联（KldB）

本职业与 KldB 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。

KldB 代码KldB 名称（德语）关系
24432Industrietaucher/innen und andere Taucherberufe - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten范围相同暂定

Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)

日本职业分类关联（JSCO）

本职业与 JSCO 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。

JSCO 代码JSCO 名称（日语）关系
669その他の建設従事者本职业范围更窄暂定

Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)

本页数据的来源与许可，以及 AI Changing Work 的修改与翻译说明：致谢与来源