Cutting, Punching, and Press Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic

Production Occupations
O*NET-SOC 代码
51-4031.00

Set up, operate, or tend machines to saw, cut, shear, slit, punch, crimp, notch, bend, or straighten metal or plastic material.

  • 数据来源: BLS发布时间: 2026-08

    低· 相对

    低四级相对区间很高

    职业群单位数值

    尺度 · 母数 · 来源

    四级相对类别（低 / 中等 / 高 / 很高）

    以BLS就业预测表中831个细分职业为基数。取值按 NEM（全国就业矩阵）代码给定，因此共用同一 NEM 代码的职业得到相同分档

    来源数据集（XLSX 文件下载）

  • 数据来源: Anthropic发布时间: 2026-03

    0.000

    0.000此处所载数值的范围0.745
    尺度 · 母数 · 来源

    观测暴露度指数，按发布原值0–1

    以O*NET任务映射为基准

    按 SOC 2018 职业发布的数值；具有相同 SOC 2018 代码的所有 O*NET 职业均显示此值

    来源数据集（CSV 文件下载）

  • 数据来源: ILO发布时间: 2025

    0.17–0.18· ISCO-08 职业组 2 个

    尺度 · 母数 · 来源

    生成式AI暴露度指数，按发布原值0–1

    按 ISCO-08 细类（4 位）发布的数值。按原样应用美国劳工统计局（BLS）的官方对照表（ISCO-08→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→2018 SOC）关联到本职业，对应关系为全部或部分对应

    来源数据集（PDF 文件下载）

该来源发布的是什么性质的数值

BLS的类别是相对排位而非绝对水平，也不是一手测量：它把多项已发表研究给出的职业百分位排名归并为四个等级。它不是就业或工资预测，不是采用概率，也不区分自动化与增强。

各关联 ISCO-08 职业组的 ILO 数值
  • ISCO-08 7223Metal Working Machine Tool Setters and Operators0.18
  • ISCO-08 8142Plastic Products Machine Operators0.17

Task-level exposure

仅显示有暴露的工作

已评分任务 32 项 · β ≥ 0.5 的任务 1 项（3.1%）

β = 直接暴露（E1）+ 0.5 × 借助工具时的暴露（E2），依据原始代码库的定义。

  • 原始单位：O*NET 27.2 任务 → O*NET 31.0 职业代码
  • 已评分任务中有 2 项不在 O*NET 31.0 任务列表中，其分数按 O*NET 27.2 的发布值保留。
来源
OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
版本
gh-main-0471612
许可
MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI

Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.

Task (O*NET 27.2)βE1 + 0.5 × E2
Scribe reference lines on workpieces as guides for cutting operations, according to blueprints, templates, sample parts, or specifications.

O*NET Task ID 10120

0.5
Measure completed workpieces to verify conformance to specifications, using micrometers, gauges, calipers, templates, or rulers.

O*NET Task ID 10110

0.0
Examine completed workpieces for defects, such as chipped edges or marred surfaces and sort defective pieces according to types of flaws.

O*NET Task ID 10111

0.0
Read work orders or production schedules to determine specifications, such as materials to be used, locations of cutting lines, or dimensions and tolerances.

O*NET Task ID 10112

0.0
Load workpieces, plastic material, or chemical solutions into machines.

O*NET Task ID 10113

0.0
Set up, operate, or tend machines to saw, cut, shear, slit, punch, crimp, notch, bend, or straighten metal or plastic material.

O*NET Task ID 10114

0.0
Start machines, monitor their operations, and record operational data.

O*NET Task ID 10115

0.0
Test and adjust machine speeds or actions, according to product specifications, using gauges and hand tools.

O*NET Task ID 10116

0.0
Install, align, and lock specified punches, dies, cutting blades, or other fixtures in rams or beds of machines, using gauges, templates, feelers, shims, and hand tools.

O*NET Task ID 10117

0.0
Clean and lubricate machines.

O*NET Task ID 10118

0.0
Position, align, and secure workpieces against fixtures or stops on machine beds or on dies.

O*NET Task ID 10119

0.0
Set blade tensions, heights, and angles to perform prescribed cuts, using wrenches.

O*NET Task ID 10121

0.0
Adjust ram strokes of presses to specified lengths, using hand tools.

O*NET Task ID 10122

0.0
Place workpieces on cutting tables, manually or using hoists, cranes, or sledges.

O*NET Task ID 10123

0.0
Position guides, stops, holding blocks, or other fixtures to secure and direct workpieces, using hand tools and measuring devices.

O*NET Task ID 10124

0.0
Thread ends of metal coils from reels through slitters and secure ends on recoilers.

O*NET Task ID 10125

0.0
Turn valves to start flow of coolant against cutting areas or to start airflow that blows cuttings away from kerfs.

O*NET Task ID 10126

0.0
Set stops on machine beds, change dies, and adjust components, such as rams or power presses, when making multiple or successive passes.

O*NET Task ID 10127

0.0
Lubricate workpieces with oil.

O*NET Task ID 10128

0.0
Replace defective blades or wheels, using hand tools.

O*NET Task ID 10129

0.0
Mark identifying data on workpieces.

O*NET Task ID 10130

0.0
Turn controls to set cutting speeds, feed rates, or table angles for specified operations.

O*NET Task ID 10131

0.0
Plan sequences of operations, applying knowledge of physical properties of workpiece materials.

O*NET Task ID 10132

0.0
Hand-form, cut, or finish workpieces, using tools such as table saws, hand sledges, or anvils.

O*NET Task ID 10133

0.0
Grind out burrs or sharp edges, using portable grinders, speed lathes, or polishing jacks.

O*NET Task ID 10134

0.0
Sharpen dulled blades, using bench grinders, abrasive wheels, or lathes.

O*NET Task ID 10135

0.0
Remove housings, feed tubes, tool holders, or other accessories to replace worn or broken parts, such as springs or bushings.

O*NET Task ID 10136

0.0
Hone cutters with oilstones to remove nicks.

O*NET Task ID 10137

0.0
Select, clean, and install spacers, rubber sleeves, or cutters on arbors.

O*NET Task ID 10138

0.0
Preheat workpieces, using heating furnaces or hand torches.

O*NET Task ID 10139

0.0
Clean work area.

O*NET Task ID 20820

0.0
Operate forklifts to deliver materials.

O*NET Task ID 20821

0.0

β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.

Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page

O*NET 31.0 全部任务（31 项）

本职业在 O*NET 31.0 中的全部任务（英文原文；任务类型为核心或补充）。暴露值不列在此清单中，而在上方表格里，位于各来源所用 O*NET 版本的任务表述旁。

任务（O*NET 31.0）类型
Measure completed workpieces to verify conformance to specifications, using micrometers, gauges, calipers, templates, or rulers.核心
Examine completed workpieces for defects, such as chipped edges or marred surfaces and sort defective pieces according to types of flaws.核心
Read work orders or production schedules to determine specifications, such as materials to be used, locations of cutting lines, or dimensions and tolerances.核心
Load workpieces, plastic material, or chemical solutions into machines.核心
Set up, operate, or tend machines to saw, cut, shear, slit, punch, crimp, notch, bend, or straighten metal or plastic material.核心
Start machines, monitor their operations, and record operational data.核心
Test and adjust machine speeds or actions, according to product specifications, using gauges and hand tools.核心
Turn controls to set cutting speeds, feed rates, or table angles for specified operations.核心
Clean work area.核心
Install, align, and lock specified punches, dies, cutting blades, or other fixtures in rams or beds of machines, using gauges, templates, feelers, shims, and hand tools.补充
Clean and lubricate machines.补充
Position, align, and secure workpieces against fixtures or stops on machine beds or on dies.补充
Scribe reference lines on workpieces as guides for cutting operations, according to blueprints, templates, sample parts, or specifications.补充
Set blade tensions, heights, and angles to perform prescribed cuts, using wrenches.补充
Adjust ram strokes of presses to specified lengths, using hand tools.补充
Place workpieces on cutting tables, manually or using hoists, cranes, or sledges.补充
Position guides, stops, holding blocks, or other fixtures to secure and direct workpieces, using hand tools and measuring devices.补充
Turn valves to start flow of coolant against cutting areas or to start airflow that blows cuttings away from kerfs.补充
Set stops on machine beds, change dies, and adjust components, such as rams or power presses, when making multiple or successive passes.补充
Lubricate workpieces with oil.补充
Replace defective blades or wheels, using hand tools.补充
Mark identifying data on workpieces.补充
Plan sequences of operations, applying knowledge of physical properties of workpiece materials.补充
Grind out burrs or sharp edges, using portable grinders, speed lathes, or polishing jacks.补充
Sharpen dulled blades, using bench grinders, abrasive wheels, or lathes.补充
Remove housings, feed tubes, tool holders, or other accessories to replace worn or broken parts, such as springs or bushings.补充
Hone cutters with oilstones to remove nicks.补充
Select, clean, and install spacers, rubber sleeves, or cutters on arbors.补充
Preheat workpieces, using heating furnaces or hand torches.补充
Operate forklifts to deliver materials.补充
Use equipment designed to join sheet metal, such as spot welders.补充

职业信息

就业展望（BLS）

就业人数，2025
171K
预计就业人数，2035
153K
变化 (2025–35)
-10.5%
年薪中位数，2025
$46,330
入职通常所需学历
High school diploma or equivalent
最低 $30,890BLS EP 2025–35 中 825 个细分职业的工资中位数范围最高 $559,030

来源: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment Projections 2025–35 — Employment by detailed occupation, 2025 and projected 2035

韩国职业分类关联（KSCO）

来自 AI Changing Work 制作的 Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1 当前版本的关联。关系值从 O*NET-SOC 职业一侧解读。

KSCO 代码KSCO 名称关系状态
85105프레스기 및 절단기 조작원本职业范围更宽已确认
85106금속 절곡기 조작원本职业范围更宽已确认
84159그 외 금속가공 기계 조작원有重叠，但不相同已确认
84170판금기 조작원有重叠，但不相同已确认

关系与状态的定义(kr-direct v1.1)

国际劳工组织（ILO）职业说明

以下 ISCO-08 职业组由 AI Changing Work 原样套用美国劳工统计局（BLS）发布的对照表（2018 SOC→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→ISCO-08）、不逐案取舍，与本职业相关联；每项关联可能是完全对应，也可能是部分对应。

  • ISCO-08 7223Metal Working Machine Tool Setters and Operators

    金属加工机床调整工和操作工

  • ISCO-08 8142Plastic Products Machine Operators

    塑料制品机器操作工

自行翻译

自行翻译 · 非 ISCO 官方词汇 — 未经国际劳工组织审核。

Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits

ESCO 职业词汇

以下每一项都是在已公开的ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk（第 1 版，2022 年）中与本职业逐项对应的。对应类型出自该对照表；表述出自 AI Changing Work。

  • laser cutting machine operatorESCO 7223.4.3本职业范围更宽

    Laser cutting machine operators set up, program and tend laser cutting machines, designed to cut, or rather burn off and melt, excess material from a metal workpiece by directing a computer-motion-controlled powerful laser beam through laser optics. They read laser cutting machine blueprints and tooling instructions, perform regular machine maintenance, and make adjustments to the milling controls, such as the intensity of the laser beam and its positioning.

  • metal nibbling operatorESCO 7223.11本职业范围更宽

    Metal nibbling operators cut detailed patterns from metal surfaces by using manual or powered metal nibblers, such as a handheld nibbling drill or a nibbling machine.

  • metal sawing machine operatorESCO 7223.4.5本职业范围更宽

    Metal sawing machine operators set up and operate metal sawing machines designed to cut excess metal from a metal workpiece by the use of a (or several) large toothed-edges blade(s). They also trim clean finished shapes out of metal using tin snips, metal shears or wire cutters.  They also smoothen and trim sharp or rough edges using various tools.

  • punch press operatorESCO 7223.4.7本职业范围更宽

    Punch press operators set up and tend punch presses designed to cut workpieces into their desired shape by propelling a hydraulic ram to punch holes into them with a single die set that pushes through the top dead centre, through the surface, and to the bottom dead centre of the workpiece.

  • slitter operatorESCO 8189.2本职业范围更宽

    Slitter operators set up, operate, or tend machines, in order to cut, slit, bend, or straighten sheets of metal, paper, or other materials to specific widths. Slitter operators must also ensure quality, by examining various end-products and observing pre-defined tolerances.

  • straightening machine operatorESCO 7223.22本职业范围更宽

    Straightening machine operators set up and tend straightening machines designed to form metal workpieces into their desired shape using pressing practices. They adjust the angle and the height of the straightening rolls and select the settings for the pressing force required to straighten the workpiece, taking into account the end product's yield strenght and size, without excess work hardening.

  • drill press operatorESCO 7223.6有重叠，但不相同

    Drill press operators set up and operate drill presses designed to cut excess material from or enlarge a hole in a fabricated workpiece using a hardened, rotary, multipointed cutting tool that inserts the drill into the workpiece axially.

  • laser marking machine operatorESCO 7223.10有重叠，但不相同

    Laser marking machine operators set up and tend laser marking or engraving machines designed to precisely carve a design in the surface of a metal workpiece by use of a moving controller and an engraving laser beam point attached to it that traces patterns on the metal workpiece's surface. They make adjustments to the machine in terms of laser beam intensity, direction and speed of movement. They also ensure the laser table, used to perform laser machine engravings on and guides the laser beam, is properly set up.

  • stamping press operatorESCO 7223.21有重叠，但不相同

    Stamping press operators set up and tend stamping presses designed to form metal workpieces in their desired shape by applying pressure through the up and down movement of a bolster plate and a die attached to a stamping ram on the metal, resulting in the die producing smaller metal parts of the workpiece fed to the press.

来源: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)

许可: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)

查看原文

ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.

法国职业分类关联（ROME）

本职业与 ROME 4.0 职业条目（fiche）之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。标为「暂定」的关联仅凭同一模型系列（Claude）两位判定者的判定采纳，或对其判定适用运营方规则后采纳，因此其依据弱于已确认的关联。

ROME 代码ROME 名称（法语）关系
H2905Cisailleur / Cisailleuse en métallurgie范围相同暂定
H2904Forgeron industriel / Forgeronne industrielle相关，但不对应暂定
H2912Régleur / Régleuse d'équipements industriels相关，但不对应暂定

Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.

ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)

西班牙职业分类关联（CNO-11）

本职业与 CNO-11 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。

CNO-11 代码CNO-11 名称（西班牙语）关系
7323Ajustadores y operadores de máquinas-herramienta本职业范围更窄
8142Operadores de máquinas para fabricar productos de material plástico相关，但不对应

Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)

德国职业分类关联（KldB）

本职业与 KldB 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。

KldB 代码KldB 名称（德语）关系
24201Berufe in der Metallbearbeitung (ohne Spezialisierung) - Helfer-/Anlerntätigkeiten有重叠，但不相同
24212Berufe in der spanlosen Metallbearbeitung - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten有重叠，但不相同
24232Berufe in der spanenden Metallbearbeitung - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten有重叠，但不相同暂定

Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)

日本职业分类关联（JSCO）

本职业与 JSCO 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。

JSCO 代码JSCO 名称（日语）关系
524金属プレス従事者本职业范围更宽
494金属プレス設備制御・監視員本职业范围更宽暂定
496板金設備制御・監視員本职业范围更宽暂定
529その他の製品製造・加工処理従事者（金属製品）相关，但不对应
538ゴム・プラスチック製品製造従事者相关，但不对应
495鉄工・製缶設備制御・監視員相关，但不对应暂定

Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)

本页数据的来源与许可，以及 AI Changing Work 的修改与翻译说明：致谢与来源