Tool Grinders, Filers, and Sharpeners

Production Occupations
O*NET-SOC 代码
51-4194.00

Perform precision smoothing, sharpening, polishing, or grinding of metal objects.

  • 数据来源: BLS发布时间: 2026-08

    低· 相对

    低四级相对区间很高

    职业群单位数值

    尺度 · 母数 · 来源

    四级相对类别（低 / 中等 / 高 / 很高）

    以BLS就业预测表中831个细分职业为基数。取值按 NEM（全国就业矩阵）代码给定，因此共用同一 NEM 代码的职业得到相同分档

    来源数据集（XLSX 文件下载）

  • 数据来源: Anthropic发布时间: 2026-03

    0.000

    0.000此处所载数值的范围0.745
    尺度 · 母数 · 来源

    观测暴露度指数，按发布原值0–1

    以O*NET任务映射为基准

    按 SOC 2018 职业发布的数值；具有相同 SOC 2018 代码的所有 O*NET 职业均显示此值

    来源数据集（CSV 文件下载）

  • 数据来源: ILO发布时间: 2025

    0.17

    0.09此处所载数值的范围0.70

    职业群单位数值

    尺度 · 母数 · 来源

    生成式AI暴露度指数，按发布原值0–1

    按 ISCO-08 细类（4 位）发布的数值。按原样应用美国劳工统计局（BLS）的官方对照表（ISCO-08→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→2018 SOC）关联到本职业，对应关系为全部或部分对应

    来源数据集（PDF 文件下载）

该来源发布的是什么性质的数值

BLS的类别是相对排位而非绝对水平，也不是一手测量：它把多项已发表研究给出的职业百分位排名归并为四个等级。它不是就业或工资预测，不是采用概率，也不区分自动化与增强。

Task-level exposure

仅显示有暴露的工作

已评分任务 18 项 · β ≥ 0.5 的任务 1 项（5.6%）

β = 直接暴露（E1）+ 0.5 × 借助工具时的暴露（E2），依据原始代码库的定义。

  • 原始单位：O*NET 27.2 任务 → O*NET 31.0 职业代码
  • 所有已评分任务均在 O*NET 31.0 任务列表中。
来源
OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
版本
gh-main-0471612
许可
MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI

Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime.

Task (O*NET 27.2)βE1 + 0.5 × E2
Study blueprints or layouts of metal workpieces to determine grinding procedures, and to plan machine setups and operational sequences.

O*NET Task ID 10358

0.5
Dress grinding wheels, according to specifications.

O*NET Task ID 10348

0.0
Monitor machine operations to determine whether adjustments are necessary, stopping machines when problems occur.

O*NET Task ID 10349

0.0
Inspect, feel, and measure workpieces to ensure that surfaces and dimensions meet specifications.

O*NET Task ID 10350

0.0
Set up and operate grinding or polishing machines to grind metal workpieces, such as dies, parts, and tools.

O*NET Task ID 10351

0.0
Remove finished workpieces from machines and place them in boxes or on racks, setting aside pieces that are defective.

O*NET Task ID 10352

0.0
File or finish surfaces of workpieces, using prescribed hand tools.

O*NET Task ID 10353

0.0
Select and mount grinding wheels on machines, according to specifications, using hand tools and applying knowledge of abrasives and grinding procedures.

O*NET Task ID 10354

0.0
Perform basic maintenance, such as cleaning and lubricating machine parts.

O*NET Task ID 10355

0.0
Remove and replace worn or broken machine parts, using hand tools.

O*NET Task ID 10356

0.0
Compute numbers, widths, and angles of cutting tools, micrometers, scales, and gauges, and adjust tools to produce specified cuts.

O*NET Task ID 10357

0.0
Turn valves to direct flow of coolant against cutting wheels and workpieces during grinding.

O*NET Task ID 10359

0.0
Inspect dies to detect defects, assess wear, and verify specifications, using micrometers, steel gauge pins, and loupes.

O*NET Task ID 10361

0.0
Duplicate workpiece contours, using tracer attachments.

O*NET Task ID 10362

0.0
Straighten workpieces and remove dents, using straightening presses and hammers.

O*NET Task ID 10363

0.0
Attach workpieces to grinding machines and form specified sections and repair cracks, using welding or brazing equipment.

O*NET Task ID 10364

0.0
Place workpieces in electroplating solutions or apply pigments to surfaces of workpieces to highlight ridges and grooves.

O*NET Task ID 10365

0.0
Fit parts together in pre-assembly to ensure that dimensions are accurate.

O*NET Task ID 20926

0.0

β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.

Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page

O*NET 31.0 全部任务（18 项）

本职业在 O*NET 31.0 中的全部任务（英文原文；任务类型为核心或补充）。暴露值不列在此清单中，而在上方表格里，位于各来源所用 O*NET 版本的任务表述旁。

任务（O*NET 31.0）类型
Dress grinding wheels, according to specifications.核心
Monitor machine operations to determine whether adjustments are necessary, stopping machines when problems occur.核心
Inspect, feel, and measure workpieces to ensure that surfaces and dimensions meet specifications.核心
Set up and operate grinding or polishing machines to grind metal workpieces, such as dies, parts, and tools.核心
Remove finished workpieces from machines and place them in boxes or on racks, setting aside pieces that are defective.核心
File or finish surfaces of workpieces, using prescribed hand tools.核心
Select and mount grinding wheels on machines, according to specifications, using hand tools and applying knowledge of abrasives and grinding procedures.核心
Perform basic maintenance, such as cleaning and lubricating machine parts.核心
Remove and replace worn or broken machine parts, using hand tools.核心
Compute numbers, widths, and angles of cutting tools, micrometers, scales, and gauges, and adjust tools to produce specified cuts.核心
Study blueprints or layouts of metal workpieces to determine grinding procedures, and to plan machine setups and operational sequences.核心
Inspect dies to detect defects, assess wear, and verify specifications, using micrometers, steel gauge pins, and loupes.核心
Fit parts together in pre-assembly to ensure that dimensions are accurate.核心
Turn valves to direct flow of coolant against cutting wheels and workpieces during grinding.补充
Duplicate workpiece contours, using tracer attachments.补充
Straighten workpieces and remove dents, using straightening presses and hammers.补充
Attach workpieces to grinding machines and form specified sections and repair cracks, using welding or brazing equipment.补充
Place workpieces in electroplating solutions or apply pigments to surfaces of workpieces to highlight ridges and grooves.补充

职业信息

就业展望（BLS）

就业人数，2025
6K
预计就业人数，2035
5K
变化 (2025–35)
-6.8%
年薪中位数，2025
$50,060
入职通常所需学历
High school diploma or equivalent
最低 $30,890BLS EP 2025–35 中 825 个细分职业的工资中位数范围最高 $559,030

来源: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment Projections 2025–35 — Employment by detailed occupation, 2025 and projected 2035

韩国职业分类关联（KSCO）

来自 AI Changing Work 制作的 Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1 当前版本的关联。关系值从 O*NET-SOC 职业一侧解读。

KSCO 代码KSCO 名称关系状态
85104연삭기 및 연마기 조작원本职业范围更窄已确认

关系与状态的定义(kr-direct v1.1)

国际劳工组织（ILO）职业说明

以下 ISCO-08 职业组由 AI Changing Work 原样套用美国劳工统计局（BLS）发布的对照表（2018 SOC→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→ISCO-08）、不逐案取舍，与本职业相关联；每项关联可能是完全对应，也可能是部分对应。

  • ISCO-08 7224Metal Polishers, Wheel Grinders and Tool Sharpeners

    金属抛光工、砂轮磨工和工具磨锐工

自行翻译

自行翻译 · 非 ISCO 官方词汇 — 未经国际劳工组织审核。

Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits

ESCO 职业词汇

以下每一项都是在已公开的ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk（第 1 版，2022 年）中与本职业逐项对应的。对应类型出自该对照表；表述出自 AI Changing Work。

  • tool grinderESCO 7224.2范围相同

    Tool grinder perform precision grinding processes on metal objects and tools. They grind, sharpen or smoothen metal surfaces using the appropriate tools and instruments. Tool grinders follow tooling instructions and assure the processed workpiece meets the necessary specifications.

  • cylindrical grinder operatorESCO 8122.4有重叠，但不相同

    Cylindrical grinding operators set up and tend cylindrical grinding machines designed to apply abrasive processes in order to remove small amounts of excess material and smoothen metal workpieces by multiple abrasive grinding wheels with diamond teeth as a cutting device for very precise and light cuts, as the workpiece is fed past it and formed into a cylinder.

  • filing machine operatorESCO 8122.9有重叠，但不相同

    Filing machine operators set up and tend filing machines such as band files, reciprocating files and bench filing machines in order to smoothen metal, wood or plastic surfaces by precisely cutting and removing small amounts of excess material.

  • grinding machine operatorESCO 7223.4.2有重叠，但不相同

    Grinding machine operators set up, program and control grinding machines, designed to apply abrasive processes in order to remove small amounts of excess material and smoothen metal workpieces by using an abrasive wheel with diamond teeth as a cutting device for very precise and light cuts. They read grinding machine blueprints and tooling instructions, perform regular machine maintenance, and make adjustments to the grinding controls, such as the depth of cuts and the rotation speed.

  • surface grinding machine operatorESCO 8122.11有重叠，但不相同

    Surface grinding machine operators set up and tend surface grinding machines designed to apply abrasive processes in order to remove small amounts of excess material and smoothen metal workpieces by an abrasive grinding wheel, or wash grinder, rotating on a horizontal or vertical axis.

来源: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)

许可: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)

查看原文

ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.

法国职业分类关联（ROME）

本职业与 ROME 4.0 职业条目（fiche）之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。标为「暂定」的关联仅凭同一模型系列（Claude）两位判定者的判定采纳，或对其判定适用运营方规则后采纳，因此其依据弱于已确认的关联。

ROME 代码ROME 名称（法语）关系
H2918Affûteur / Affûteuse d'outillage industriel本职业范围更宽暂定
H2903Usineur / Usineuse相关，但不对应暂定
H3401Opérateur / Opératrice de traitement d'abrasion de surface相关，但不对应暂定

Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.

ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)

西班牙职业分类关联（CNO-11）

本职业与 CNO-11 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。

CNO-11 代码CNO-11 名称（西班牙语）关系
7324Pulidores de metales y afiladores de herramientas本职业范围更窄

Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)

德国职业分类关联（KldB）

本职业与 KldB 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。

KldB 代码KldB 名称（德语）关系
24222Berufe in der schleifenden Metallbearbeitung - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten本职业范围更窄
24201Berufe in der Metallbearbeitung (ohne Spezialisierung) - Helfer-/Anlerntätigkeiten相关，但不对应

Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)

日本职业分类关联（JSCO）

本职业与 JSCO 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。

JSCO 代码JSCO 名称（日语）关系
523金属工作機械作業従事者相关，但不对应暂定
527金属彫刻・表面処理従事者相关，但不对应暂定
529その他の製品製造・加工処理従事者（金属製品）相关，但不对应暂定

Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)

本页数据的来源与许可，以及 AI Changing Work 的修改与翻译说明：致谢与来源