Pressers, Textile, Garment, and Related Materials
Production Occupations- O*NET-SOC 代码
- 51-6021.00
Press or shape articles by hand or machine.
- 数据来源: BLS发布时间: 2026-08
低· 相对
低四级相对区间很高职业群单位数值
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
四级相对类别（低 / 中等 / 高 / 很高）
以BLS就业预测表中831个细分职业为基数。取值按 NEM（全国就业矩阵）代码给定，因此共用同一 NEM 代码的职业得到相同分档
- 数据来源: Anthropic发布时间: 2026-03
0.000
0.000此处所载数值的范围0.745尺度 · 母数 · 来源
- 数据来源: ILO发布时间: 2025
0.14
0.09此处所载数值的范围0.70职业群单位数值
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
生成式AI暴露度指数，按发布原值0–1
按 ISCO-08 细类（4 位）发布的数值。按原样应用美国劳工统计局（BLS）的官方对照表（ISCO-08→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→2018 SOC）关联到本职业，对应关系为全部或部分对应
该来源发布的是什么性质的数值
BLS的类别是相对排位而非绝对水平，也不是一手测量：它把多项已发表研究给出的职业百分位排名归并为四个等级。它不是就业或工资预测，不是采用概率，也不区分自动化与增强。
Task-level exposure
仅显示有暴露的工作已评分任务 28 项 · β ≥ 0.5 的任务 1 项（3.6%）
β = 直接暴露（E1）+ 0.5 × 借助工具时的暴露（E2），依据原始代码库的定义。
- 原始单位：O*NET 27.2 任务 → O*NET 31.0 职业代码
- 所有已评分任务均在 O*NET 31.0 任务列表中。
- 来源
- OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
- 版本
- gh-main-0471612
- 许可
- MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI
Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime.
| Task (O*NET 27.2) | βE1 + 0.5 × E2 |
|---|---|
Examine and measure finished articles to verify conformance to standards, using measuring devices such as tape measures and micrometers.O*NET Task ID 14059 | 0.5 |
Operate steam, hydraulic, or other pressing machines to remove wrinkles from garments and flatwork items, or to shape, form, or patch articles.O*NET Task ID 14035 | 0.0 |
Lower irons, rams, or pressing heads of machines into position over material to be pressed.O*NET Task ID 14036 | 0.0 |
Remove finished pieces from pressing machines and hang or stack them for cooling, or forward them for additional processing.O*NET Task ID 14037 | 0.0 |
Hang, fold, package, and tag finished articles for delivery to customers.O*NET Task ID 14038 | 0.0 |
Slide material back and forth over heated, metal, ball-shaped forms to smooth and press portions of garments that cannot be satisfactorily pressed with flat pressers or hand irons.O*NET Task ID 14039 | 0.0 |
Select appropriate pressing machines, based on garment properties such as heat tolerance.O*NET Task ID 14040 | 0.0 |
Push and pull irons over surfaces of articles to smooth or shape them.O*NET Task ID 14041 | 0.0 |
Finish pleated garments, determining sizes of pleats from evidence of old pleats or from work orders, using machine presses or hand irons.O*NET Task ID 14042 | 0.0 |
Straighten, smooth, or shape materials to prepare them for pressing.O*NET Task ID 14043 | 0.0 |
Finish pants, jackets, shirts, skirts and other dry-cleaned and laundered articles, using hand irons.O*NET Task ID 14044 | 0.0 |
Position materials such as cloth garments, felt, or straw on tables, dies, or feeding mechanisms of pressing machines, or on ironing boards or work tables.O*NET Task ID 14045 | 0.0 |
Spray water over fabric to soften fibers when not using steam irons.O*NET Task ID 14046 | 0.0 |
Moisten materials to soften and smooth them.O*NET Task ID 14047 | 0.0 |
Finish velvet garments by steaming them on bucks of hot-head presses or steam tables, and brushing pile (nap) with handbrushes.O*NET Task ID 14048 | 0.0 |
Finish fancy garments such as evening gowns and costumes, using hand irons to produce high quality finishes.O*NET Task ID 14049 | 0.0 |
Activate and adjust machine controls to regulate temperature and pressure of rollers, ironing shoes, or plates, according to specifications.O*NET Task ID 14050 | 0.0 |
Shrink, stretch, or block articles by hand to conform to original measurements, using forms, blocks, and steam.O*NET Task ID 14051 | 0.0 |
Clean and maintain pressing machines, using cleaning solutions and lubricants.O*NET Task ID 14052 | 0.0 |
Block or shape knitted garments after cleaning.O*NET Task ID 14053 | 0.0 |
Insert heated metal forms into ties and touch up rough places with hand irons.O*NET Task ID 14054 | 0.0 |
Brush materials made of suede, leather, or felt to remove spots or to raise and smooth naps.O*NET Task ID 14055 | 0.0 |
Use covering cloths to prevent equipment from damaging delicate fabrics.O*NET Task ID 14056 | 0.0 |
Press ties on small pressing machines.O*NET Task ID 14057 | 0.0 |
Select, install, and adjust machine components, including pressing forms, rollers, and guides, using hoists and hand tools.O*NET Task ID 14058 | 0.0 |
Sew ends of new material to leaders or to ends of material in pressing machines, using sewing machines.O*NET Task ID 14060 | 0.0 |
Measure fabric to specifications, cut uneven edges with shears, fold material, and press it with an iron to form a heading.O*NET Task ID 14061 | 0.0 |
Identify and treat spots on garments.O*NET Task ID 21026 | 0.0 |
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page
O*NET 31.0 全部任务（28 项）
本职业在 O*NET 31.0 中的全部任务（英文原文；任务类型为核心或补充）。暴露值不列在此清单中，而在上方表格里，位于各来源所用 O*NET 版本的任务表述旁。
| 任务（O*NET 31.0） | 类型 |
|---|---|
| Operate steam, hydraulic, or other pressing machines to remove wrinkles from garments and flatwork items, or to shape, form, or patch articles. | 核心 |
| Lower irons, rams, or pressing heads of machines into position over material to be pressed. | 核心 |
| Remove finished pieces from pressing machines and hang or stack them for cooling, or forward them for additional processing. | 核心 |
| Hang, fold, package, and tag finished articles for delivery to customers. | 核心 |
| Slide material back and forth over heated, metal, ball-shaped forms to smooth and press portions of garments that cannot be satisfactorily pressed with flat pressers or hand irons. | 核心 |
| Select appropriate pressing machines, based on garment properties such as heat tolerance. | 核心 |
| Push and pull irons over surfaces of articles to smooth or shape them. | 核心 |
| Finish pleated garments, determining sizes of pleats from evidence of old pleats or from work orders, using machine presses or hand irons. | 核心 |
| Straighten, smooth, or shape materials to prepare them for pressing. | 核心 |
| Finish pants, jackets, shirts, skirts and other dry-cleaned and laundered articles, using hand irons. | 核心 |
| Position materials such as cloth garments, felt, or straw on tables, dies, or feeding mechanisms of pressing machines, or on ironing boards or work tables. | 核心 |
| Spray water over fabric to soften fibers when not using steam irons. | 核心 |
| Moisten materials to soften and smooth them. | 核心 |
| Finish fancy garments such as evening gowns and costumes, using hand irons to produce high quality finishes. | 核心 |
| Activate and adjust machine controls to regulate temperature and pressure of rollers, ironing shoes, or plates, according to specifications. | 核心 |
| Shrink, stretch, or block articles by hand to conform to original measurements, using forms, blocks, and steam. | 核心 |
| Clean and maintain pressing machines, using cleaning solutions and lubricants. | 核心 |
| Block or shape knitted garments after cleaning. | 核心 |
| Press ties on small pressing machines. | 核心 |
| Identify and treat spots on garments. | 核心 |
| Finish velvet garments by steaming them on bucks of hot-head presses or steam tables, and brushing pile (nap) with handbrushes. | 补充 |
| Insert heated metal forms into ties and touch up rough places with hand irons. | 补充 |
| Brush materials made of suede, leather, or felt to remove spots or to raise and smooth naps. | 补充 |
| Use covering cloths to prevent equipment from damaging delicate fabrics. | 补充 |
| Select, install, and adjust machine components, including pressing forms, rollers, and guides, using hoists and hand tools. | 补充 |
| Examine and measure finished articles to verify conformance to standards, using measuring devices such as tape measures and micrometers. | 补充 |
| Sew ends of new material to leaders or to ends of material in pressing machines, using sewing machines. | 补充 |
| Measure fabric to specifications, cut uneven edges with shears, fold material, and press it with an iron to form a heading. | 补充 |
0.90/ 3· 机器人暴露指数
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
对每项体力任务，按已实际部署、销售或演示的机器人能够完成它的环境评定 0–3 级（0 不可 · 1 围栏式机器单元、灌装线等机器人专用设施 · 2 医院药房、集装箱港口等受管理的设施 · 3 私人住宅、建筑工地等非结构化环境），再按工作时间占比求平均
以该职业 O*NET 29.3 任务中的体力任务为准
等级与时间占比由 Anthropic 使用 Claude Opus 5（网络搜索）估算（截至 2026 年）。
机器人暴露指数与本站的 AI 暴露度是不同的指标，不能相加或相互比较。该指数不代表实际采用情况或成本竞争力，0 也包括没有体力任务的职业。
每项体力任务的等级
机器人环境等级（E0–E3）
E0 机器人不可详情
评定为已实际部署、销售或演示的机器人即使在机器人专用设施中也无法完成
E1 机器人专用设施详情
评定为可在围绕机器搭建的设施中完成，例如围栏式机器单元或灌装线
E2 受管理的设施详情
评定为可在由机构按工作标准维护的人类工作设施中完成，例如医院药房或集装箱港口
E3 非结构化环境详情
评定为可在没有机构按工作标准维护的环境中完成，例如私人住宅或建筑工地
仅列出被归类为体力任务的任务；其他任务在来源中没有等级。
| 任务（O*NET 29.3） | 机器人环境等级 |
|---|---|
| Operate steam, hydraulic, or other pressing machines to remove wrinkles from garments and flatwork items, or to shape, form, or patch articles. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Lower irons, rams, or pressing heads of machines into position over material to be pressed. | E2 受管理的设施 |
| Remove finished pieces from pressing machines and hang or stack them for cooling, or forward them for additional processing. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Hang, fold, package, and tag finished articles for delivery to customers. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Slide material back and forth over heated, metal, ball-shaped forms to smooth and press portions of garments that cannot be satisfactorily pressed with flat pressers or hand irons. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Push and pull irons over surfaces of articles to smooth or shape them. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Finish pleated garments, determining sizes of pleats from evidence of old pleats or from work orders, using machine presses or hand irons. | E0 机器人不可 |
| Straighten, smooth, or shape materials to prepare them for pressing. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Finish pants, jackets, shirts, skirts and other dry-cleaned and laundered articles, using hand irons. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Position materials such as cloth garments, felt, or straw on tables, dies, or feeding mechanisms of pressing machines, or on ironing boards or work tables. | E0 机器人不可 |
| Spray water over fabric to soften fibers when not using steam irons. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Moisten materials to soften and smooth them. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Finish fancy garments such as evening gowns and costumes, using hand irons to produce high quality finishes. | E0 机器人不可 |
| Activate and adjust machine controls to regulate temperature and pressure of rollers, ironing shoes, or plates, according to specifications. | E2 受管理的设施 |
| Shrink, stretch, or block articles by hand to conform to original measurements, using forms, blocks, and steam. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Clean and maintain pressing machines, using cleaning solutions and lubricants. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Block or shape knitted garments after cleaning. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Press ties on small pressing machines. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Identify and treat spots on garments. | E0 机器人不可 |
| Finish velvet garments by steaming them on bucks of hot-head presses or steam tables, and brushing pile (nap) with handbrushes. | E0 机器人不可 |
| Insert heated metal forms into ties and touch up rough places with hand irons. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Brush materials made of suede, leather, or felt to remove spots or to raise and smooth naps. | E0 机器人不可 |
| Use covering cloths to prevent equipment from damaging delicate fabrics. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Select, install, and adjust machine components, including pressing forms, rollers, and guides, using hoists and hand tools. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Examine and measure finished articles to verify conformance to standards, using measuring devices such as tape measures and micrometers. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Sew ends of new material to leaders or to ends of material in pressing machines, using sewing machines. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Measure fabric to specifications, cut uneven edges with shears, fold material, and press it with an iron to form a heading. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
职业信息
就业展望（BLS）
- 就业人数，2025
- 26K
- 预计就业人数，2035
- 22K
- 变化 (2025–35)
- -15.7%
- 年薪中位数，2025
- $35,060
- 入职通常所需学历
- No formal educational credential
韩国职业分类关联（KSCO）
来自 AI Changing Work 制作的 Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1 当前版本的关联。关系值从 O*NET-SOC 职业一侧解读。
| KSCO 代码 | KSCO 名称 | 关系 | 状态 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 82309 | 그 외 세탁 기계 조작원 | 本职业范围更宽 | 已确认 |
| 99920 | 세탁원 및 다림질원 | 有重叠，但不相同 | 已确认 |
关系与状态的定义(kr-direct v1.1)
国际劳工组织（ILO）职业说明
以下 ISCO-08 职业组由 AI Changing Work 原样套用美国劳工统计局（BLS）发布的对照表（2018 SOC→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→ISCO-08）、不逐案取舍，与本职业相关联；每项关联可能是完全对应，也可能是部分对应。
- ISCO-08 9121Hand Launderers and Pressers
手工洗衣工和熨烫工
自行翻译
自行翻译 · 非 ISCO 官方词汇 — 未经国际劳工组织审核。
Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits
ESCO 职业词汇
以下每一项都是在已公开的ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk（第 1 版，2022 年）中与本职业逐项对应的。对应类型出自该对照表；表述出自 AI Changing Work。
- wearing apparel presserESCO 9121.2范围相同
Wearing apparel pressers use steam irons, vacuum pressers, or hand pressers to shape wearing apparel.
- laundry ironerESCO 8157.1.1本职业范围更宽
Laundry ironers re-shape clothing items and linen and remove creases from them by using irons, presses and steamers. They clean and maintain the ironing and drying area and organise the items accordingly.
来源: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)
许可: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)
ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.
法国职业分类关联（ROME）
本职业与 ROME 4.0 职业条目（fiche）之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。标为「暂定」的关联仅凭同一模型系列（Claude）两位判定者的判定采纳，或对其判定适用运营方规则后采纳，因此其依据弱于已确认的关联。
| ROME 代码 | ROME 名称（法语） | 关系 |
|---|---|---|
| D1236 | Repasseur / Repasseuse | 本职业范围更宽暂定 |
| H2420 | Repasseur / Repasseuse en industrie textile et de l'habillement | 本职业范围更宽暂定 |
| H2410 | Opérateur / Opératrice de finition en industrie du textile | 有重叠，但不相同暂定 |
| D1242 | Linger / Lingère | 相关，但不对应暂定 |
| K2201 | Employé / Employée de blanchisserie industrielle | 相关，但不对应暂定 |
Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.
ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)
西班牙职业分类关联（CNO-11）
本职业与 CNO-11 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。
| CNO-11 代码 | CNO-11 名称（西班牙语） | 关系 |
|---|---|---|
| 8170 | Operadores de máquinas de lavandería y tintorería | 有重叠，但不相同暂定 |
| 9221 | Limpiadores en seco a mano y afines | 有重叠，但不相同暂定 |
| 8154 | Operadores de máquinas de blanquear, teñir, estampar y acabar textiles | 相关，但不对应暂定 |
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)
德国职业分类关联（KldB）
本职业与 KldB 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。
| KldB 代码 | KldB 名称（德语） | 关系 |
|---|---|---|
| 54132 | Berufe in der Textilreinigung - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten | 有重叠，但不相同 |
| 54101 | Berufe in der Reinigung (ohne Spezialisierung) - Helfer-/Anlerntätigkeiten | 相关，但不对应 |
Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)
日本职业分类关联（JSCO）
本职业与 JSCO 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。
| JSCO 代码 | JSCO 名称（日语） | 关系 |
|---|---|---|
| 385 | クリーニング職 | 相关，但不对应 |
| 535 | 紡織・衣服・繊維製品製造従事者 | 相关，但不对应 |
| 386 | 洗張職 | 相关，但不对应暂定 |
Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)
本页数据的来源与许可，以及 AI Changing Work 的修改与翻译说明：致谢与来源