Shoe Machine Operators and Tenders
Production Occupations- O*NET-SOC 代码
- 51-6042.00
Operate or tend a variety of machines to join, decorate, reinforce, or finish shoes and shoe parts.
- 数据来源: BLS发布时间: 2026-08
低· 相对
低四级相对区间很高职业群单位数值
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
四级相对类别（低 / 中等 / 高 / 很高）
以BLS就业预测表中831个细分职业为基数。取值按 NEM（全国就业矩阵）代码给定，因此共用同一 NEM 代码的职业得到相同分档
- 数据来源: Anthropic发布时间: 2026-03
0.000
0.000此处所载数值的范围0.745尺度 · 母数 · 来源
- 数据来源: ILO发布时间: 2025
0.16
0.09此处所载数值的范围0.70职业群单位数值
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
生成式AI暴露度指数，按发布原值0–1
按 ISCO-08 细类（4 位）发布的数值。按原样应用美国劳工统计局（BLS）的官方对照表（ISCO-08→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→2018 SOC）关联到本职业，对应关系为全部或部分对应
该来源发布的是什么性质的数值
BLS的类别是相对排位而非绝对水平，也不是一手测量：它把多项已发表研究给出的职业百分位排名归并为四个等级。它不是就业或工资预测，不是采用概率，也不区分自动化与增强。
Task-level exposure
仅显示有暴露的工作已评分任务 19 项 · β ≥ 0.5 的任务 1 项（5.3%）
β = 直接暴露（E1）+ 0.5 × 借助工具时的暴露（E2），依据原始代码库的定义。
- 原始单位：O*NET 27.2 任务 → O*NET 31.0 职业代码
- 已评分任务中有 1 项不在 O*NET 31.0 任务列表中，其分数按 O*NET 27.2 的发布值保留。
- 来源
- OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
- 版本
- gh-main-0471612
- 许可
- MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI
Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime.
| Task (O*NET 27.2) | βE1 + 0.5 × E2 |
|---|---|
Study work orders or shoe part tags to obtain information about workloads, specifications, and the types of materials to be used.O*NET Task ID 14089 | 1.0 |
Remove and examine shoes, shoe parts, and designs to verify conformance to specifications such as proper embedding of stitches in channels.O*NET Task ID 14090 | 0.0 |
Perform routine equipment maintenance such as cleaning and lubricating machines or replacing broken needles.O*NET Task ID 14091 | 0.0 |
Cut excess thread or material from shoe parts, using scissors or knives.O*NET Task ID 14092 | 0.0 |
Turn screws to regulate size of staples.O*NET Task ID 14093 | 0.0 |
Align parts to be stitched, following seams, edges, or markings, before positioning them under needles.O*NET Task ID 14094 | 0.0 |
Turn setscrews on needle bars, and position required numbers of needles in stitching machines.O*NET Task ID 14095 | 0.0 |
Switch on machines, lower pressure feet or rollers to secure parts, and start machine stitching, using hand, foot, or knee controls.O*NET Task ID 14096 | 0.0 |
Collect shoe parts from conveyer belts or racks and place them in machinery such as ovens or on molds for dressing, returning them to conveyers or racks to send them to the next work station.O*NET Task ID 14097 | 0.0 |
Position dies on material in a manner that will obtain the maximum number of parts from each portion of material.O*NET Task ID 14098 | 0.0 |
Test machinery to ensure proper functioning before beginning production.O*NET Task ID 14099 | 0.0 |
Operate or tend machines to join, decorate, reinforce, or finish shoes and shoe parts.O*NET Task ID 14100 | 0.0 |
Draw thread through machine guide slots, needles, and presser feet in preparation for stitching, or load rolls of wire through machine axles.O*NET Task ID 14101 | 0.0 |
Fill shuttle spools with thread from a machine's bobbin winder by pressing a foot treadle.O*NET Task ID 14102 | 0.0 |
Load hot-melt plastic rod glue through reactivator axles, using wrenches, and switch on reactivators, setting temperature and timers to heat glue to specifications.O*NET Task ID 14103 | 0.0 |
Staple sides of shoes, pressing a foot treadle to position and hold each shoe under the feeder of the machine.O*NET Task ID 14104 | 0.0 |
Select and place spools of thread or pre-wound bobbins into shuttles, or onto spindles or loupers of stitching machines.O*NET Task ID 14105 | 0.0 |
Hammer loose staples for proper attachment.O*NET Task ID 14106 | 0.0 |
Turn knobs to adjust stitch length and thread tension.O*NET Task ID 14107 | 0.0 |
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page
O*NET 31.0 全部任务（19 项）
本职业在 O*NET 31.0 中的全部任务（英文原文；任务类型为核心或补充）。暴露值不列在此清单中，而在上方表格里，位于各来源所用 O*NET 版本的任务表述旁。
| 任务（O*NET 31.0） | 类型 |
|---|---|
| Study work orders or shoe part tags to obtain information about workloads, specifications, and the types of materials to be used. | 核心 |
| Remove and examine shoes, shoe parts, and designs to verify conformance to specifications such as proper embedding of stitches in channels. | 核心 |
| Perform routine equipment maintenance such as cleaning and lubricating machines or replacing broken needles. | 核心 |
| Cut excess thread or material from shoe parts, using scissors or knives. | 核心 |
| Align parts to be stitched, following seams, edges, or markings, before positioning them under needles. | 核心 |
| Switch on machines, lower pressure feet or rollers to secure parts, and start machine stitching, using hand, foot, or knee controls. | 核心 |
| Test machinery to ensure proper functioning before beginning production. | 核心 |
| Operate or tend machines to join, decorate, reinforce, or finish shoes and shoe parts. | 核心 |
| Draw thread through machine guide slots, needles, and presser feet in preparation for stitching, or load rolls of wire through machine axles. | 核心 |
| Select and place spools of thread or pre-wound bobbins into shuttles, or onto spindles or loupers of stitching machines. | 核心 |
| Turn knobs to adjust stitch length and thread tension. | 核心 |
| Inspect finished products to ensure that shoes have been completed according to specifications. | 核心 |
| Turn screws to regulate size of staples. | 补充 |
| Turn setscrews on needle bars, and position required numbers of needles in stitching machines. | 补充 |
| Collect shoe parts from conveyer belts or racks and place them in machinery such as ovens or on molds for dressing, returning them to conveyers or racks to send them to the next work station. | 补充 |
| Position dies on material in a manner that will obtain the maximum number of parts from each portion of material. | 补充 |
| Fill shuttle spools with thread from a machine's bobbin winder by pressing a foot treadle. | 补充 |
| Staple sides of shoes, pressing a foot treadle to position and hold each shoe under the feeder of the machine. | 补充 |
| Hammer loose staples for proper attachment. | 补充 |
1.05/ 3· 机器人暴露指数
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
对每项体力任务，按已实际部署、销售或演示的机器人能够完成它的环境评定 0–3 级（0 不可 · 1 围栏式机器单元、灌装线等机器人专用设施 · 2 医院药房、集装箱港口等受管理的设施 · 3 私人住宅、建筑工地等非结构化环境），再按工作时间占比求平均
以该职业 O*NET 29.3 任务中的体力任务为准
等级与时间占比由 Anthropic 使用 Claude Opus 5（网络搜索）估算（截至 2026 年）。
机器人暴露指数与本站的 AI 暴露度是不同的指标，不能相加或相互比较。该指数不代表实际采用情况或成本竞争力，0 也包括没有体力任务的职业。
每项体力任务的等级
机器人环境等级（E0–E3）
E0 机器人不可详情
评定为已实际部署、销售或演示的机器人即使在机器人专用设施中也无法完成
E1 机器人专用设施详情
评定为可在围绕机器搭建的设施中完成，例如围栏式机器单元或灌装线
E2 受管理的设施详情
评定为可在由机构按工作标准维护的人类工作设施中完成，例如医院药房或集装箱港口
E3 非结构化环境详情
评定为可在没有机构按工作标准维护的环境中完成，例如私人住宅或建筑工地
仅列出被归类为体力任务的任务；其他任务在来源中没有等级。
| 任务（O*NET 29.3） | 机器人环境等级 |
|---|---|
| Remove and examine shoes, shoe parts, and designs to verify conformance to specifications such as proper embedding of stitches in channels. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Perform routine equipment maintenance such as cleaning and lubricating machines or replacing broken needles. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Cut excess thread or material from shoe parts, using scissors or knives. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Align parts to be stitched, following seams, edges, or markings, before positioning them under needles. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Switch on machines, lower pressure feet or rollers to secure parts, and start machine stitching, using hand, foot, or knee controls. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Test machinery to ensure proper functioning before beginning production. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Operate or tend machines to join, decorate, reinforce, or finish shoes and shoe parts. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Draw thread through machine guide slots, needles, and presser feet in preparation for stitching, or load rolls of wire through machine axles. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Select and place spools of thread or pre-wound bobbins into shuttles, or onto spindles or loupers of stitching machines. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Turn knobs to adjust stitch length and thread tension. | E2 受管理的设施 |
| Inspect finished products to ensure that shoes have been completed according to specifications. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Turn screws to regulate size of staples. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Turn setscrews on needle bars, and position required numbers of needles in stitching machines. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Collect shoe parts from conveyer belts or racks and place them in machinery such as ovens or on molds for dressing, returning them to conveyers or racks to send them to the next work station. | E2 受管理的设施 |
| Position dies on material in a manner that will obtain the maximum number of parts from each portion of material. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Fill shuttle spools with thread from a machine's bobbin winder by pressing a foot treadle. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Staple sides of shoes, pressing a foot treadle to position and hold each shoe under the feeder of the machine. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Hammer loose staples for proper attachment. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
职业信息
就业展望（BLS）
- 就业人数，2025
- 5K
- 预计就业人数，2035
- 4K
- 变化 (2025–35)
- -6.9%
- 年薪中位数，2025
- $35,650
- 入职通常所需学历
- High school diploma or equivalent
韩国职业分类关联（KSCO）
来自 AI Changing Work 制作的 Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1 当前版本的关联。关系值从 O*NET-SOC 职业一侧解读。
| KSCO 代码 | KSCO 名称 | 关系 | 状态 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 82220 | 신발 제조기 조작원 | 范围相同 | 已确认 |
| 72133 | 신발 재봉사 | 有重叠，但不相同 | 已确认 |
| 72122 | 신발 및 구두 재단사 | 相关，但不对应 | 已确认 |
关系与状态的定义(kr-direct v1.1)
国际劳工组织（ILO）职业说明
以下 ISCO-08 职业组由 AI Changing Work 原样套用美国劳工统计局（BLS）发布的对照表（2018 SOC→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→ISCO-08）、不逐案取舍，与本职业相关联；每项关联可能是完全对应，也可能是部分对应。
- ISCO-08 8156Shoemaking and Related Machine Operators
制鞋及有关机器操作工
自行翻译
自行翻译 · 非 ISCO 官方词汇 — 未经国际劳工组织审核。
Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits
ESCO 职业词汇
以下每一项都是在已公开的ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk（第 1 版，2022 年）中与本职业逐项对应的。对应类型出自该对照表；表述出自 AI Changing Work。
- footwear production machine operatorESCO 8156.2本职业范围更宽
Footwear production machine operators tend specific machines in the industrial production of footwear. They operate machinery for lasting, cutting, closing, and finishing footwear products. They also perform routine maintenance of the machinery.
- footwear stitching machine operatorESCO 8156.2.3本职业范围更宽
Footwear stitching machine operators join the cut pieces of leather and other materials to produce the uppers. They use several tools and a wide range of machines such as flat bed, arm and one or two columns. They select threads and needles for the stitching machines, place pieces in the working area, and operate with the machine guiding parts under the needle. They follow seams, edges, markings or moving edges of parts against the guide. Finally, they cut excess thread or material from shoe parts using scissors or dyes.
- lasting machine operatorESCO 8156.2.4本职业范围更宽
Lasting machine operators pull the forepart, the waist and the seat of the upper over the last using specific machines with the aim of obtaining the final shape of the footwear model. They start by placing the toe in the machine, stretching the edges of the upper over the last, and pressing the seat. They then flatten the wiped edges and cut excess box toe and lining, and use stitching or cementing to fix the shape.
- pre-stitching machine operatorESCO 8156.4本职业范围更宽
Pre-stitching machine operators handle tools and equipment for splitting, skiving, folding, punching, crimping, placking, and marking the uppers to be stitched and, when needed, apply reinforcement strips in various pieces. They may also glue the pieces together before stitching them. Pre-stitching machine operators perform these tasks according to the instructions of the technical sheet.
- sole and heel operatorESCO 8156.2.6本职业范围更宽
Sole and heel operators attach soles or heels to the footwear by stitching, cementing or nailing. They may work with several machines, for example for slipping the lasts, or for roughing, dusting or attaching heels. They also operate various machines both for stitched or cemented constructions.
来源: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)
许可: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)
ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.
法国职业分类关联（ROME）
本职业与 ROME 4.0 职业条目（fiche）之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。标为「暂定」的关联仅凭同一模型系列（Claude）两位判定者的判定采纳，或对其判定适用运营方规则后采纳，因此其依据弱于已确认的关联。
| ROME 代码 | ROME 名称（法语） | 关系 |
|---|---|---|
| H2401 | Opérateur / Opératrice de fabrication industrie des cuirs, peaux et matériaux associés | 本职业范围更窄暂定 |
| H2414 | Opérateur / Opératrice de préparation ou de finition sur articles de cuirs, peaux ou matériaux associés | 相关，但不对应暂定 |
Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.
ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)
西班牙职业分类关联（CNO-11）
本职业与 CNO-11 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。
| CNO-11 代码 | CNO-11 名称（西班牙语） | 关系 |
|---|---|---|
| 8156 | Operadores de máquinas para la fabricación del calzado, marroquinería y guantería de piel | 本职业范围更窄暂定 |
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)
德国职业分类关联（KldB）
本职业与 KldB 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。
| KldB 代码 | KldB 名称（德语） | 关系 |
|---|---|---|
| 28332 | Berufe in der Schuhherstellung - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten | 本职业范围更窄 |
| 28301 | Berufe in der Leder-, Pelzherstellung und -verarbeitung (ohne Spezialisierung) - Helfer-/Anlerntätigkeiten | 相关，但不对应 |
Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)
日本职业分类关联（JSCO）
本职业与 JSCO 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。
| JSCO 代码 | JSCO 名称（日语） | 关系 |
|---|---|---|
| 539 | その他の製品製造・加工処理従事者（金属製品を除く） | 本职业范围更窄 |
| 509 | その他の生産設備制御・監視従事者（金属製品を除く） | 相关，但不对应暂定 |
Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)
本页数据的来源与许可，以及 AI Changing Work 的修改与翻译说明：致谢与来源