Potters, Manufacturing
Production Occupations- O*NET-SOC 代码
- 51-9195.05
Operate production machines such as pug mill, jigger machine, or potter's wheel to process clay in manufacture of ceramic, pottery and stoneware products.
- 数据来源: BLS发布时间: 2026-08
低· 相对
低四级相对区间很高职业群单位数值
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
四级相对类别（低 / 中等 / 高 / 很高）
以BLS就业预测表中831个细分职业为基数。取值按 NEM（全国就业矩阵）代码给定，因此共用同一 NEM 代码的职业得到相同分档
- 数据来源: Anthropic发布时间: 2026-03
0.000
0.000此处所载数值的范围0.745职业群单位数值
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
- 数据来源: ILO发布时间: 2025
0.14–0.24· ISCO-08 职业组 6 个
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
生成式AI暴露度指数，按发布原值0–1
按 ISCO-08 细类（4 位）发布的数值。按原样应用美国劳工统计局（BLS）的官方对照表（ISCO-08→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→2018 SOC）关联到本职业，对应关系为全部或部分对应
该来源发布的是什么性质的数值
BLS的类别是相对排位而非绝对水平，也不是一手测量：它把多项已发表研究给出的职业百分位排名归并为四个等级。它不是就业或工资预测，不是采用概率，也不区分自动化与增强。
各关联 ISCO-08 职业组的 ILO 数值
- ISCO-08 7314Potters and Related Workers0.18
- ISCO-08 7315Glass Makers, Cutters, Grinders and Finishers0.19
- ISCO-08 7516Tobacco Preparers and Tobacco Products Makers0.14
- ISCO-08 8131Chemical Products Plant and Machine Operators0.24
- ISCO-08 8141Rubber Products Machine Operators0.18
- ISCO-08 8181Glass and Ceramics Plant Operators0.17
Task-level exposure
显示隐藏的 19 项工作已评分任务 24 项 · β ≥ 0.5 的任务 4 项（16.7%）
β = 直接暴露（E1）+ 0.5 × 借助工具时的暴露（E2），依据原始代码库的定义。
- 原始单位：O*NET 27.2 任务 → O*NET 31.0 职业代码
- 已评分任务中有 1 项不在 O*NET 31.0 任务列表中，其分数按 O*NET 27.2 的发布值保留。
- 来源
- OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
- 版本
- gh-main-0471612
- 许可
- MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI
| Task (O*NET 20.1) | Claude.aiRaw / share % |
|---|---|
Prepare work for sale or exhibition, and maintain relationships with retail, pottery, art, and resource networks that can facilitate sale or exhibition of work.51-9195.05 | 0.0021100.0 |
Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.
| Task (O*NET 27.2) | βE1 + 0.5 × E2 |
|---|---|
Prepare work for sale or exhibition, and maintain relationships with retail, pottery, art, and resource networks that can facilitate sale or exhibition of work.O*NET Task ID 15119 | 0.5 |
Design clay forms and molds, and decorations for forms.O*NET Task ID 15121 | 0.5 |
Examine finished ware for defects and measure dimensions, using rule and thickness gauge.O*NET Task ID 15124 | 0.5 |
Design spaces to display pottery for sale.O*NET Task ID 21214 | 0.5 |
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page
O*NET 31.0 全部任务（23 项）
本职业在 O*NET 31.0 中的全部任务（英文原文；任务类型为核心或补充）。暴露值不列在此清单中，而在上方表格里，位于各来源所用 O*NET 版本的任务表述旁。
| 任务（O*NET 31.0） | 类型 |
|---|---|
| Press thumbs into centers of revolving clay to form hollows, and press on the inside and outside of emerging clay cylinders with hands and fingers, gradually raising and shaping clay to desired forms and sizes. | 核心 |
| Adjust wheel speeds according to the feel of the clay as pieces enlarge and walls become thinner. | 核心 |
| Position balls of clay in centers of potters' wheels, and start motors or pump treadles with feet to revolve wheels. | 核心 |
| Raise and shape clay into wares, such as vases and pitchers, on revolving wheels, using hands, fingers, and thumbs. | 核心 |
| Prepare work for sale or exhibition, and maintain relationships with retail, pottery, art, and resource networks that can facilitate sale or exhibition of work. | 核心 |
| Smooth surfaces of finished pieces, using rubber scrapers and wet sponges. | 核心 |
| Move pieces from wheels so that they can dry. | 核心 |
| Pull wires through bases of articles and wheels to separate finished pieces. | 核心 |
| Examine finished ware for defects and measure dimensions, using rule and thickness gauge. | 核心 |
| Perform test-fires of pottery to determine how to achieve specific colors and textures. | 核心 |
| Maintain supplies of tools, equipment, and materials, and order additional supplies as needed. | 核心 |
| Verify accuracy of shapes and sizes of objects, using calipers and templates. | 核心 |
| Operate pug mills to blend and extrude clay. | 核心 |
| Operate gas or electric kilns to fire pottery pieces. | 核心 |
| Mix and apply glazes to pottery pieces, using tools, such as spray guns. | 核心 |
| Attach handles to pottery pieces. | 核心 |
| Pack and ship pottery to stores or galleries for retail sale. | 核心 |
| Design spaces to display pottery for sale. | 核心 |
| Design clay forms and molds, and decorations for forms. | 补充 |
| Operate drying chambers to dry or finish molded ceramic ware. | 补充 |
| Start machine units and conveyors and observe lights and gauges on panel board to verify operational efficiency. | 补充 |
| Adjust pressures, temperatures, and trimming tool settings as required. | 补充 |
| Teach pottery classes. | 补充 |
0.93/ 3· 机器人暴露指数
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
对每项体力任务，按已实际部署、销售或演示的机器人能够完成它的环境评定 0–3 级（0 不可 · 1 围栏式机器单元、灌装线等机器人专用设施 · 2 医院药房、集装箱港口等受管理的设施 · 3 私人住宅、建筑工地等非结构化环境），再按工作时间占比求平均
以该职业 O*NET 29.3 任务中的体力任务为准
等级与时间占比由 Anthropic 使用 Claude Opus 5（网络搜索）估算（截至 2026 年）。
机器人暴露指数与本站的 AI 暴露度是不同的指标，不能相加或相互比较。该指数不代表实际采用情况或成本竞争力，0 也包括没有体力任务的职业。
每项体力任务的等级
机器人环境等级（E0–E3）
E0 机器人不可详情
评定为已实际部署、销售或演示的机器人即使在机器人专用设施中也无法完成
E1 机器人专用设施详情
评定为可在围绕机器搭建的设施中完成，例如围栏式机器单元或灌装线
E2 受管理的设施详情
评定为可在由机构按工作标准维护的人类工作设施中完成，例如医院药房或集装箱港口
E3 非结构化环境详情
评定为可在没有机构按工作标准维护的环境中完成，例如私人住宅或建筑工地
仅列出被归类为体力任务的任务；其他任务在来源中没有等级。
| 任务（O*NET 29.3） | 机器人环境等级 |
|---|---|
| Press thumbs into centers of revolving clay to form hollows, and press on the inside and outside of emerging clay cylinders with hands and fingers, gradually raising and shaping clay to desired forms and sizes. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Adjust wheel speeds according to the feel of the clay as pieces enlarge and walls become thinner. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Position balls of clay in centers of potters' wheels, and start motors or pump treadles with feet to revolve wheels. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Raise and shape clay into wares, such as vases and pitchers, on revolving wheels, using hands, fingers, and thumbs. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Prepare work for sale or exhibition, and maintain relationships with retail, pottery, art, and resource networks that can facilitate sale or exhibition of work. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Smooth surfaces of finished pieces, using rubber scrapers and wet sponges. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Move pieces from wheels so that they can dry. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Pull wires through bases of articles and wheels to separate finished pieces. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Examine finished ware for defects and measure dimensions, using rule and thickness gauge. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Perform test-fires of pottery to determine how to achieve specific colors and textures. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Maintain supplies of tools, equipment, and materials, and order additional supplies as needed. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Verify accuracy of shapes and sizes of objects, using calipers and templates. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Operate pug mills to blend and extrude clay. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Operate gas or electric kilns to fire pottery pieces. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Mix and apply glazes to pottery pieces, using tools, such as spray guns. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Attach handles to pottery pieces. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Pack and ship pottery to stores or galleries for retail sale. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Design spaces to display pottery for sale. | E0 机器人不可 |
| Operate drying chambers to dry or finish molded ceramic ware. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Start machine units and conveyors and observe lights and gauges on panel board to verify operational efficiency. | E2 受管理的设施 |
| Adjust pressures, temperatures, and trimming tool settings as required. | E1 机器人专用设施 |
| Teach pottery classes. | E0 机器人不可 |
职业信息
就业展望（BLS）
这些数值属于整个 SOC 51-9195 组（Molders, shapers, and casters, except metal and plastic），并非仅属于该 O*NET 职业。
- 就业人数，2025
- 43K
- 预计就业人数，2035
- 46K
- 变化 (2025–35)
- +5.8%
- 年薪中位数，2025
- $46,170
- 入职通常所需学历
- High school diploma or equivalent
韩国职业分类关联（KSCO）
来自 AI Changing Work 制作的 Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1 当前版本的关联。关系值从 O*NET-SOC 职业一侧解读。
| KSCO 代码 | KSCO 名称 | 关系 | 状态 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 84329 | 그 외 점토제품 생산기 조작원 | 相关，但不对应 | 已确认 |
关系与状态的定义(kr-direct v1.1)
国际劳工组织（ILO）职业说明
以下 ISCO-08 职业组由 AI Changing Work 原样套用美国劳工统计局（BLS）发布的对照表（2018 SOC→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→ISCO-08）、不逐案取舍，与本职业相关联；每项关联可能是完全对应，也可能是部分对应。
- ISCO-08 7314Potters and Related Workers
陶工及有关人员
- ISCO-08 7315Glass Makers, Cutters, Grinders and Finishers
玻璃制造、切割、研磨和修整工
- ISCO-08 7516Tobacco Preparers and Tobacco Products Makers
烟草加工工和烟草制品制作工
- ISCO-08 8131Chemical Products Plant and Machine Operators
化学品生产装置和机器操作工
- ISCO-08 8141Rubber Products Machine Operators
橡胶制品机器操作工
- ISCO-08 8181Glass and Ceramics Plant Operators
玻璃和陶瓷生产装置操作工
自行翻译
自行翻译 · 非 ISCO 官方词汇 — 未经国际劳工组织审核。
Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits
ESCO 职业词汇
以下每一项都是在已公开的ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk（第 1 版，2022 年）中与本职业逐项对应的。对应类型出自该对照表；表述出自 AI Changing Work。
- auger press operatorESCO 8181.1本职业范围更宽
Auger press operators control and adjust an auger-press in order to perform clay forming, extrusion and cutting operations on products according to specifications.
- ceramicistESCO 2651.4本职业范围更宽
Ceramicist have an in-depth knowledge of materials and the relevant know-how to develop their own methods of expression and personal projects through ceramic. Their creations can include ceramic sculptures, jewellery, domestic and commercial tablewares and kitchenwares, giftware, garden ceramics, wall and floor tiles.
- clay products dry kiln operatorESCO 8181.3.1本职业范围更宽
Clay products dry kiln operators manage drying tunnels that are meant for drying clay products prior to their treatment in kiln.
- dry press operatorESCO 8181.5本职业范围更宽
Dry press operators press dry tempered clay or silica into bricks and other shapes. They select and fix the pressing dies, using rule and wenches. Dry press operators remove the bricks from the press machine and stack them in a specified pattern on the kiln car.
- hand brick moulderESCO 7314.1本职业范围更宽
Hand brick moulders create unique bricks, pipes, and other heat-resistant products using hand moulding tools. They create moulds according to specifications, clean and oil them, insert and remove the mixture from the mould. Then, they let the bricks dry in kiln before finishing and smoothing the end products.
- kiln firerESCO 8181.10有重叠，但不相同
Kiln firers operate kilns in order to fire decorations or glazes. They determine the level and uniformity of oven temperature, regulate the temperature, and give directions to a helper in preparing firebox and lighting fires.
- pottery and porcelain casterESCO 8181.11有重叠，但不相同
Pottery and porcelain casters fill moulds with clay to cast pottery and porcelain wares. They pour excess slip out of the mould when needed, drain moulds, remove the cast from the mould, smooth the casting surfaces to remove marks and place the castings on boards to dry.
- production potterESCO 7314.2有重叠，但不相同
Production potters process and form clay, by hand or by using the wheel, into end-products pottery, stoneware products, earthenware products and porcelain. They introduce the already shaped clay into kilns, heating them at a high temperature in order to remove all the water from the clay.
来源: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)
许可: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)
ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.
法国职业分类关联（ROME）
本职业与 ROME 4.0 职业条目（fiche）之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。标为「暂定」的关联仅凭同一模型系列（Claude）两位判定者的判定采纳，或对其判定适用运营方规则后采纳，因此其依据弱于已确认的关联。
| ROME 代码 | ROME 名称（法语） | 关系 |
|---|---|---|
| H2803 | Opérateur / Opératrice en Industrie Céramique | 有重叠，但不相同暂定 |
| B1201 | Céramiste | 相关，但不对应暂定 |
Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.
ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)
西班牙职业分类关联（CNO-11）
本职业与 CNO-11 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。
| CNO-11 代码 | CNO-11 名称（西班牙语） | 关系 |
|---|---|---|
| 7614 | Trabajadores de la cerámica, alfareros y afines | 本职业范围更窄暂定 |
| 8191 | Operadores de hornos e instalaciones de vidriería y cerámica | 相关，但不对应暂定 |
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)
德国职业分类关联（KldB）
本职业与 KldB 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。
| KldB 代码 | KldB 名称（德语） | 关系 |
|---|---|---|
| 21412 | Berufe in der Industriekeramik (Verfahrens- und Anlagentechnik) - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten | 本职业范围更窄 |
| 93412 | Berufe in der kunsthandwerklichen Keramikgestaltung - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten | 相关，但不对应 |
Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)
日本职业分类关联（JSCO）
本职业与 JSCO 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。
| JSCO 代码 | JSCO 名称（日语） | 关系 |
|---|---|---|
| 532 | 窯業・土石製品製造従事者 | 本职业范围更窄 |
Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)
本页数据的来源与许可，以及 AI Changing Work 的修改与翻译说明：致谢与来源