天文学家

生命、物理与社会科学

AI暴露度

数据来源: BLS发布时间: 2026-08
很高· 相对
低四级相对区间很高
职业群单位数值
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
四级相对类别（低 / 中等 / 高 / 很高）
以BLS就业预测表中831个细分职业为基数。取值按 NEM（全国就业矩阵）代码给定，因此共用同一 NEM 代码的职业得到相同分档
来源数据集（XLSX 文件下载）
数据来源: Anthropic发布时间: 2026-03
0.385
0.000此处所载数值的范围0.745
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
观测暴露度指数，按发布原值0–1
以O*NET任务映射为基准
来源数据集
数据来源: ILO发布时间: 2025
0.38
0.09此处所载数值的范围0.70
职业群单位数值
尺度 · 母数 · 来源
生成式AI暴露度指数，按发布原值0–1
ISCO-08职业小类单位 — 共用同一代码的职业取值相同
本站计算，并非国际劳工组织发布的数值。在本站与 ILO 数据集相连的 1,012 个职业中，达到或高于此值的占 48%。
来源数据集

该来源发布的是什么性质的数值

BLS的类别是相对排位而非绝对水平，也不是一手测量：它把多项已发表研究给出的职业百分位排名归并为四个等级。它不是就业或工资预测，不是采用概率，也不区分自动化与增强。

Task-level exposure

显示隐藏的 5 项工作

Task	Claude.aiRaw / share %
Develop and modify astronomy-related programs for public presentation. 19-2011	0.094530.6
Analyze research data to determine its significance, using computers. 19-2011	0.071323.1
Review scientific proposals and research papers. 19-2011	0.043714.2
Develop theories based on personal observations or on observations and theories of other astronomers. 19-2011	0.031910.4
Develop instrumentation and software for astronomical observation and analysis. 19-2011	0.02297.4
Calculate orbits and determine sizes, shapes, brightness, and motions of different celestial bodies. 19-2011	0.02036.6
Study celestial phenomena, using a variety of ground-based and space-borne telescopes and scientific instruments. 19-2011	0.01665.4
Collaborate with other astronomers to carry out research projects. 19-2011	0.00481.6
Present research findings at scientific conferences and in papers written for scientific journals. 19-2011	0.00230.7

Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.

Task	βE1 + 0.5 × E2
Review scientific proposals and research papers. O*NET Task ID 20049	1.0
Study celestial phenomena, using a variety of ground-based and space-borne telescopes and scientific instruments. O*NET Task ID 7524	0.5
Analyze research data to determine its significance, using computers. O*NET Task ID 7525	0.5
Present research findings at scientific conferences and in papers written for scientific journals. O*NET Task ID 7526	0.5
Develop theories based on personal observations or on observations and theories of other astronomers. O*NET Task ID 7528	0.5
Raise funds for scientific research. O*NET Task ID 7529	0.5
Collaborate with other astronomers to carry out research projects. O*NET Task ID 7530	0.5
Develop instrumentation and software for astronomical observation and analysis. O*NET Task ID 7531	0.5
Teach astronomy or astrophysics. O*NET Task ID 7532	0.5
Develop and modify astronomy-related programs for public presentation. O*NET Task ID 7533	0.5
Calculate orbits and determine sizes, shapes, brightness, and motions of different celestial bodies. O*NET Task ID 7534	0.5
Direct the operations of a planetarium. O*NET Task ID 7535	0.5
Supervise students' research on celestial and astronomical phenomena. O*NET Task ID 21172	0.5
Conduct question-and-answer presentations on astronomy topics with public audiences. O*NET Task ID 21173	0.5
再显示 4 项工作 ▾收起 ▴

β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.

Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page

职业信息

ILO

国际劳工组织（ILO）职业说明

Physicists and Astronomers

物理学家和天文学家

自行翻译

自行翻译 · 非 ISCO 官方词汇 — 未经国际劳工组织审核。

Physicists and astronomers conduct research and improve or develop concepts, theories and operational methods concerning matter, space, time, energy, forces and fields and the interrelationship between these physical phenomena. They apply scientific knowledge relating to physics and astronomy in industrial, medical, military or other fields.

任务

(a) conducting research and improving or developing concepts, theories, instrumentation, software and operational methods related to physics and astronomy;
(b) conducting experiments, tests and analyses on the structure and properties of matter in fields such as mechanics, thermodynamics, electronics, communications, power generation and distribution, aerodynamics, optics and lasers, remote sensing, medicine, sonics, magnetism, and nuclear physics;
(c) evaluating results of investigations and experiments and expressing conclusions, mainly using mathematical techniques and models;
(d) applying principles, techniques and processes to develop or improve industrial, medical, military and other practical applications of the principles and techniques of physics or astronomy;
(e) ensuring the safe and effective delivery of radiation (ionising and non-ionising) to patients to achieve a diagnostic or therapeutic result as prescribed by a medical practitioner;
(f) ensuring the accurate measurement and characterization of physical quantities used in medical applications;
(g) testing, commissioning and evaluating equipment used in applications such as imaging, medical treatment and dosimetry;
(h) advising and consulting with medical practitioners and other health care professionals in optimizing the balance between the beneficial and deleterious effects of radiation;
(i) observing, analysing and interpreting celestial phenomena and developing methods, numerical models and techniques to extend knowledge of fields such as navigation, satellite communication, space exploration, celestial bodies and cosmic radiation;
(j) developing, implementing and maintaining standards and protocols for the measurement of physical phenomena and for the use of nuclear technology in industrial and medical applications;
(k) preparing scientific papers and reports.

职业示例

Astronomer · Medical Physicist · Nuclear Physicist · Physicist

ISCO-08 2111

Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits

KEIS2025

Shown in the original Korean. This dataset is published under KOGL Type 4, which prohibits derivative works including translation, so the text is reproduced unaltered.

자연과학 시험원KNOW K000000825
Job outlook: 증가(0%) 현상유지(40%) 감소(60%)
Wages (10,000 KRW): lower(25%) 3.95K average(50%) 4.75K upper(25%) 5.5K
minacross 461 KNOW occupationsmax
Job satisfaction: 70
minacross 461 KNOW occupationsmax
Details
Duties
- -표본을 수집하고 실험, 검사 및 분석용 재료와 장비를 준비한다.
- -실험, 검사 및 분석을 보조하거나 직접 수행한다.
- - 프로젝트에 필요한 재료 등의 세부 견적서를 주어진 명세서에 따라 작성하여 준비한다.
- -프로젝트에 필요한 재료 및 인력의 양과 배용의 세부 견적서를 작성한다.
- -실험용 재료와 장비를 준비하고, 실험기구 및 장비를 설치 조작하여 실험을 보조한다.
- -물질을 구성하고 있는 성분의 종류와 조성비 분석 등의 검사 및 분석업무를 보조하거나 자연과학자의 지시하에 직접 실험을 수행하기도 한다.
- -실험이 끝나면 사용한 실험기구 및 장비를 정리하고, 유지·관리한다.
- -공학적 계산을 하며, 각종 도표 및 보고서를 작성한다.
- -연구과정에서 야기되는 문제들을 확인하고, 이를 해결하기 위하여 기술적인 지식을 응용한다.
See details on KNOW (Korea Employment Information Service) (external site)
Work abilities
수리력(96) · 품질관리분석(94) · 장비 선정(93) · 추리력(91) · 조작 및 통제(90)
Knowledge
화학(92) · 물리(81) · 영어(77) · 사무(70) · 생물(70)
Work environment
위험한 상태 노출(93) · 정확성, 정밀성 유지(92) · 반복적인 신체행동, 정신적 활동(91) · 마감시간(85) · 이메일 이용하기(85)

The KNOW occupations and KECO codes listed here were linked to this page's occupation by this site; this is not a correspondence defined by the Korea Employment Information Service or the Ministry of Employment and Labor.

AI暴露度

Task-level exposure

职业信息

国际劳工组织（ILO）职业说明

ESCO 职业词汇