Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.
Task
βE1 + 0.5 × E2
Develop computer models to address transportation planning issues.Details
O*NET Task ID 16948
1.0
Prepare necessary documents to obtain planned project approvals or permits.Details
O*NET Task ID 20979
1.0
Prepare or review engineering studies or specifications.Details
O*NET Task ID 16934
0.5
Represent jurisdictions in the legislative or administrative approval of land development projects.Details
O*NET Task ID 16935
0.5
Direct urban traffic counting programs.Details
O*NET Task ID 16937
0.5
Develop or test new methods or models of transportation analysis.Details
O*NET Task ID 16938
0.5
Define or update information such as urban boundaries or classification of roadways.Details
O*NET Task ID 16939
0.5
Analyze information from traffic counting programs.Details
O*NET Task ID 16941
0.5
Review development plans for transportation system effects, infrastructure requirements, or compliance with applicable transportation regulations.Details
O*NET Task ID 16942
0.5
Prepare reports or recommendations on transportation planning.Details
O*NET Task ID 16943
0.5
Produce environmental documents, such as environmental assessments or environmental impact statements.Details
O*NET Task ID 16944
0.5
Design transportation surveys to identify areas of public concern.Details
O*NET Task ID 16949
0.5
Collaborate with engineers to research, analyze, or resolve complex transportation design issues.Details
O*NET Task ID 16951
0.5
Recommend transportation system improvements or projects, based on economic, population, land-use, or traffic projections.Details
O*NET Task ID 16952
0.5
Define regional or local transportation planning problems or priorities.Details
O*NET Task ID 16953
0.5
Analyze information related to transportation, such as land use policies, environmental impact of projects, or long-range planning needs.Details
O*NET Task ID 16954
0.5
Collaborate with other professionals to develop sustainable transportation strategies at the local, regional, or national level.Details
O*NET Task ID 19779
0.5
Interpret data from traffic modeling software, geographic information systems, or associated databases.Details
O*NET Task ID 20976
0.5
Design new or improved transport infrastructure, such as junction improvements, pedestrian projects, bus facilities, or car parking areas.Details
O*NET Task ID 20977
0.5
Evaluate transportation project needs or costs.Details
O*NET Task ID 20978
0.5
Evaluate transportation-related consequences of federal or state legislative proposals.Details
O*NET Task ID 20980
0.5
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page
职业信息
国际劳工组织(ILO)职业说明
Philosophers, Historians and Political Scientists
哲学家、历史学家和政治学家
自行翻译
自行翻译 · 非 ISCO 官方词汇 — 未经国际劳工组织审核。
Philosophers, historians and political scientists conduct research into the nature of human experience and existence, phases or aspects of human history, and political structures, movements and behaviour. They document and report on findings to inform and guide political and individual actions
任务
(a) researching, mostly by reasoning, into the general causes, principles and meanings of the world, human actions, experience and existence, and interpreting and developing philosophical concepts and theories;
(b) consulting and comparing primary sources, such as original or contemporary records of past events, and secondary sources such as archaeological or anthropological findings;
(c) extracting relevant material, checking its authenticity, and researching into and describing the history of a particular period, country or region, or a particular facet - for example economic, social or political - of its history;
(d) conducting research in such fields as political philosophy, or past and present theory and practice of political systems, institutions or behaviour;
(e) observing contemporary political institutions and opinions, collecting data on them from various sources, including interviews with government and political party officials and other relevant persons;
(f) developing theories, models and methods to interpret and describe the nature of human experience and historical and political events and behaviour;
(g) presenting findings and conclusions for publication or use by government, political parties or other organizations and interested persons;
(h) preparing scholarly papers and reports.
职业示例
Genealogist · Historian · Philosopher · Political scientist
Historians research, analyze, interpret, and present the past of human societies. They analyse documents, sources, and traces from the past in order to understand the past societies.
political scientistESCO 2633.3
Political scientists study political behaviour, activity and systems, including the elements that fall therein. Their study of the field ranges from the origins and evolution of various political systems to topical matters such as decision-making processes, political behaviour, political trends, society, and power perspectives. They advise governments and institutional organisations on governance matters.
genealogistESCO 2633.1.1
Genealogists trace history and lineages of families. The results of their effort are displayed in a table of the descent from person to person which forms a family tree or they are written as narratives. Genealogists use analysis of public records, informal interviews, genetic analysis, and other methods to gain input information.
philosopherESCO 2633.2
Philosophers study and argument over general and structural problems pertaining to society, humans and individuals. They have well-developed rational and argumentative abilities to engage in discussion related to existence, value systems, knowledge, or reality. They recur to logic in discussion which lead to levels of deepness and abstraction.
来源:European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)
ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.
Shown in the original Korean. This dataset is published under KOGL Type 4, which prohibits derivative works including translation, so the text is reproduced unaltered.
The KNOW occupations and KECO codes listed here were linked to this page's occupation by this site; this is not a correspondence defined by the Korea Employment Information Service or the Ministry of Employment and Labor.
Projected change: -0.2%
Median wage: $101K
lowest $31Kmedian wage across 825 detailed occupations, BLS EP 2025–35highest $559K