Computer and Information Systems Managers
Management Occupations- O*NET-SOC code
- 11-3021.00
Plan, direct, or coordinate activities in such fields as electronic data processing, information systems, systems analysis, and computer programming.
- Data source: BLSPublished: 2026-08
Very high· relative
LowFour relative bandsVery highGroup-level value
Scale, basis and source
Four relative bands (Low / Moderate / High / Very high)
831 detailed occupations in the BLS Employment Projections table. Assigned per National Employment Matrix (NEM) code, so occupations sharing a NEM code carry the same band
- Data source: AnthropicPublished: 2026-03
0.156
0.000Range of values carried here0.745Scale, basis and source
Observed exposure index, 0–1 as published
Mapped onto O*NET tasks
Published per SOC 2018 occupation; every O*NET occupation with the same SOC 2018 code carries this value
- Data source: ILOPublished: 2025
0.44
0.09Range of values carried here0.70Group-level value
Scale, basis and source
Generative AI exposure index, 0–1 as published
Published per ISCO-08 unit group. Linked to this occupation, wholly or in part, by applying U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (ISCO-08 to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to 2018 SOC) as published
What kind of figure this source publishes
The BLS category is a relative rank, not an absolute level, and it is not a first-hand measurement: it groups an occupation's percentile ranks across several published studies into four bands. It is not an employment or wage forecast, not a probability of adoption, and it does not separate automation from augmentation.
Task-level exposure
Show 11 hidden tasks17 rated tasks · 16 tasks with β ≥ 0.5 (94.1%)
β = direct exposure (E1) + 0.5 × exposure when tools are available (E2), per the source repository's definition.
- Source unit: O*NET 27.2 tasks → O*NET 31.0 occupation code
- All rated tasks are in the O*NET 31.0 task list.
- Source
- OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
- Release
- gh-main-0471612
- License
- MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI
| Task (O*NET 30.2) | Claude.aiRaw / share % | APIRaw / share % |
|---|---|---|
Provide users with technical support for computer problems.11-3021.00 | 0.300066.7 | —0 |
Prepare and review operational reports or project progress reports.11-3021.00 | 0.120026.7 | 0.120075.0 |
Develop computer information resources, providing for data security and control, strategic computing, and disaster recovery.11-3021.00 | 0.02004.4 | 0.01006.3 |
Develop and interpret organizational goals, policies, and procedures.11-3021.00 | 0.01002.2 | 0.00000.0 |
Evaluate data processing proposals to assess project feasibility and requirements.11-3021.00 | 0.00000.0 | 0.020012.5 |
Direct daily operations of department, analyzing workflow, establishing priorities, developing standards and setting deadlines.11-3021.00 | 0.00000.0 | 0.01006.3 |
Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.
| Task (O*NET 27.2) | βE1 + 0.5 × E2 |
|---|---|
Assign and review the work of systems analysts, programmers, and other computer-related workers.O*NET Task ID 969 | 1.0 |
Review and approve all systems charts and programs prior to their implementation.O*NET Task ID 972 | 1.0 |
Manage backup, security and user help systems.O*NET Task ID 966 | 0.5 |
Consult with users, management, vendors, and technicians to assess computing needs and system requirements.O*NET Task ID 967 | 0.5 |
Direct daily operations of department, analyzing workflow, establishing priorities, developing standards and setting deadlines.O*NET Task ID 968 | 0.5 |
Stay abreast of advances in technology.O*NET Task ID 970 | 0.5 |
Develop computer information resources, providing for data security and control, strategic computing, and disaster recovery.O*NET Task ID 971 | 0.5 |
Evaluate the organization's technology use and needs and recommend improvements, such as hardware and software upgrades.O*NET Task ID 973 | 0.5 |
Control operational budget and expenditures.O*NET Task ID 974 | 0.5 |
Develop and interpret organizational goals, policies, and procedures.O*NET Task ID 976 | 0.5 |
Recruit, hire, train and supervise staff, or participate in staffing decisions.O*NET Task ID 977 | 0.5 |
Review project plans to plan and coordinate project activity.O*NET Task ID 978 | 0.5 |
Evaluate data processing proposals to assess project feasibility and requirements.O*NET Task ID 979 | 0.5 |
Prepare and review operational reports or project progress reports.O*NET Task ID 980 | 0.5 |
Purchase necessary equipment.O*NET Task ID 981 | 0.5 |
Provide users with technical support for computer problems.O*NET Task ID 15198 | 0.5 |
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page
All O*NET 31.0 task statements (17)
All O*NET 31.0 task statements for this occupation (English, as published; task type core or supplemental). Exposure values are not listed here; they are in the table above, next to each task statement as worded in the O*NET version each source used.
| Task (O*NET 31.0) | Type |
|---|---|
| Consult with users, management, vendors, and technicians to assess computing needs and system requirements. | Core |
| Direct daily operations of department, analyzing workflow, establishing priorities, developing standards and setting deadlines. | Core |
| Assign and review the work of systems analysts, programmers, and other computer-related workers. | Core |
| Stay abreast of advances in technology. | Core |
| Develop computer information resources, providing for data security and control, strategic computing, and disaster recovery. | Core |
| Review and approve all systems charts and programs prior to their implementation. | Core |
| Evaluate the organization's technology use and needs and recommend improvements, such as hardware and software upgrades. | Core |
| Control operational budget and expenditures. | Core |
| Meet with department heads, managers, supervisors, vendors, and others, to solicit cooperation and resolve problems. | Core |
| Develop and interpret organizational goals, policies, and procedures. | Core |
| Recruit, hire, train and supervise staff, or participate in staffing decisions. | Core |
| Review project plans to plan and coordinate project activity. | Core |
| Evaluate data processing proposals to assess project feasibility and requirements. | Core |
| Prepare and review operational reports or project progress reports. | Core |
| Purchase necessary equipment. | Core |
| Provide users with technical support for computer problems. | Core |
| Manage backup, security and user help systems. | Supplemental |
0.00/ 3· Robot exposure index
Scale, basis and source
Each physical task is graded 0–3 by the setting in which robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated could do it (0 none · 1 purpose-built robot settings such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line · 2 structured facilities such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port · 3 unstructured settings such as a private home or a construction site), and the grades are averaged by share of working time
Physical tasks among this occupation's O*NET 29.3 tasks
Anthropic estimated the grades and time shares with Claude Opus 5 using web search, as of 2026.
The robot exposure index is a different measure from the AI exposure figures on this site and cannot be added to or compared with them. It does not measure actual adoption or cost, and 0 also covers occupations with no physical tasks.
Tier of each physical task
None of this occupation's O*NET 29.3 tasks is classified as a physical task.
Occupation information
Employment outlook (BLS)
- Employment, 2025
- 686K
- Projected employment, 2035
- 794K
- Change (2025–35)
- +15.8%
- Median annual wage, 2025
- $175,140
- Typical education needed for entry
- Bachelor's degree
Korea classification links (KSCO)
Links from the current release of the Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1, made by AI Changing Work. Relation values are read from the O*NET-SOC occupation side.
| KSCO code | KSCO title | Relation | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| 13502 | 컴퓨터 소프트웨어 개발 관리자 | This occupation is broader | confirmed |
| 13503 | 네트워크 및 정보보안 관리자 | This occupation is broader | confirmed |
| 13509 | 그 외 정보 통신 관련 관리자 | This occupation is broader | confirmed |
| 13501 | 컴퓨터 하드웨어 개발 관리자 | Overlapping, not the same | confirmed |
Relation and status definitions(kr-direct v1.1)
ILO occupational description
AI Changing Work links the ISCO-08 unit groups below to this occupation by applying the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (2018 SOC to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to ISCO-08) as published, without case-by-case selection; each link may be whole or partial.
- ISCO-08 1330Information and Communications Technology Service Managers
The definition, tasks and examples below are the ILO's description of that unit group, not of this occupation.
Information and communications technology service managers plan, direct and coordinate the acquisition, development, maintenance and use of computer and telecommunication systems, either as the manager of a department or as the general manager of an enterprise or organization that does not have a hierarchy of managers.
Tasks
- (a) consulting with users, management, vendors, and technicians to assess computing needs and system requirements and specifying technology to meet those needs;
- (b) formulating and directing information and communication technology (ICT) strategies, policies and plans;
- (c) directing the selection and installation of ICT resources and the provision of user training;
- (d) directing ICT operations, analysing workflow, establishing priorities, developing standards and setting deadlines;
- (e) overseeing the security of ICT systems;
- (f) assigning, reviewing, managing and leading the work of systems analysts, programmers, and other computer-related workers;
- (g) evaluating the organization's technology use and needs and recommending improvements such as hardware and software upgrades;
- (h) establishing and managing budgets, controlling expenditure and ensuring the efficient use of resources;
- (i) establishing and directing operational and administrative procedures;
- (j) overseeing the selection, training and performance of staff;
- (k) representing the enterprise or organization at ICT related conventions, seminars and conferences.
Example occupations
Application development manager · Chief information officer · Data operations manager · Data processing manager · ICT development manager · Information systems director · Information technology manager (IT Manager) · Internet service provider · Network manager
Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits
ESCO occupational vocabulary
Each entry below is matched to this occupation in the published ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk (version 1, 2022). The match types are that crosswalk's; the wording is AI Changing Work's.
- aviation data communications managerESCO 3513.1This occupation is broader
Aviation data communications managers perform the planning, implementation and maintenance of data transmission networks. They support data processing systems linking participant user agencies to central computers.
- ICT security managerESCO 2529.7This occupation is broader
ICT security managers propose and implement necessary security updates. They advise, support, inform and provide training and security awareness and take direct action on all or part of a network or system.
- chief information officerESCO 1330.2Overlapping, not the same
Chief information officers define and implement the ICT strategy and governance. They determine necessary resources for the ICT strategy implementation, anticipate ICT market evolutions and company business needs. They contribute to the development of the organisation's strategic plan and ensure that the ICT infrastructure supports the organisation's overall operations and priorities.
- chief technology officerESCO 1330.3Overlapping, not the same
Chief technology officers contribute to a company's technical vision and lead all aspects of technology development, according to its strategic direction and growth objectives. They match technology with business needs.
- ICT operations managerESCO 1330.5Overlapping, not the same
ICT operations managers coordinate ICT services and infrastructure ensuring that the organisation has the required infrastructural resources. They also plan and monitor stages of either a business process or a computer process, negotiate contracts and take mitigation action in case of non-fulfilment of agreements. They oversee the day-to-day tasks involving infrastructure components, ICT systems and software.
Source: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)
License: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)
ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.
France classification links (ROME)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and ROME 4.0 job profiles, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side. Links marked “provisional” were adopted on the judgments of two judges from the same model family (Claude) alone, or by an operator rule applied to their judgments, so they rest on weaker evidence than confirmed links.
| ROME code | ROME title (French) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| M1423 | Chief Data Officer | This occupation is broader |
| M1803 | Directeur / Directrice des systèmes d'information (DSI) | This occupation is broaderprovisional |
| M1844 | Responsable des études et applications informatiques | This occupation is broaderprovisional |
| M1867 | Responsable des systèmes d'information (SI) | This occupation is broaderprovisional |
| M1878 | Responsable de la production informatique | This occupation is broaderprovisional |
| H1106 | Responsable support technique clients | Related, not a match |
| H1107 | Directeur / Directrice assistance technique | Related, not a match |
| M1426 | Chief digital officer - Responsable de la transformation digitale | Related, not a match |
| M1840 | Directeur / Directrice de projets des territoires connectés | Related, not a matchprovisional |
Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.
ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)
Spain classification links (CNO-11)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and CNO-11 occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| CNO-11 code | CNO-11 title (Spanish) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 1321 | Directores de servicios de tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones (TIC) | Same scope |
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)
Germany classification links (KldB)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and KldB occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| KldB code | KldB title (German) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 43394 | Führungskräfte - IT-Netzwerktechnik, IT-Koordination, IT-Administration und IT-Organisation | Same scope |
| 43194 | Führungskräfte - Informatik | This occupation is broader |
| 43494 | Führungskräfte - Softwareentwicklung und Programmierung | This occupation is broader |
| 43294 | Führungskräfte - IT-Systemanalyse, IT-Anwendungsberatung und IT-Vertrieb | Related, not a matchprovisional |
Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)
Japan classification links (JSCO)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and JSCO occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| JSCO code | JSCO title (Japanese) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 031 | 会社管理職員 | This occupation is narrowerprovisional |
| 103 | 情報処理プロジェクトマネージャ | Related, not a matchprovisional |
Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)
Sources, licenses and AI Changing Work's modification and translation notices for this page: Credits & sources