Coin, Vending, and Amusement Machine Servicers and Repairers
Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Occupations- O*NET-SOC code
- 49-9091.00
Install, service, adjust, or repair coin, vending, or amusement machines including video games, juke boxes, pinball machines, or slot machines.
- Data source: BLSPublished: 2026-08
Moderate· relative
LowFour relative bandsVery highGroup-level value
Scale, basis and source
Four relative bands (Low / Moderate / High / Very high)
831 detailed occupations in the BLS Employment Projections table. Assigned per National Employment Matrix (NEM) code, so occupations sharing a NEM code carry the same band
- Data source: AnthropicPublished: 2026-03
0.000
0.000Range of values carried here0.745Scale, basis and source
Observed exposure index, 0–1 as published
Mapped onto O*NET tasks
Published per SOC 2018 occupation; every O*NET occupation with the same SOC 2018 code carries this value
- Data source: ILOPublished: 2025
0.38
0.09Range of values carried here0.70Group-level value
Scale, basis and source
Generative AI exposure index, 0–1 as published
Published per ISCO-08 unit group. Linked to this occupation, wholly or in part, by applying U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (ISCO-08 to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to 2018 SOC) as published
What kind of figure this source publishes
The BLS category is a relative rank, not an absolute level, and it is not a first-hand measurement: it groups an occupation's percentile ranks across several published studies into four bands. It is not an employment or wage forecast, not a probability of adoption, and it does not separate automation from augmentation.
Task-level exposure
Show 13 hidden tasks19 rated tasks · 6 tasks with β ≥ 0.5 (31.6%)
β = direct exposure (E1) + 0.5 × exposure when tools are available (E2), per the source repository's definition.
- Source unit: O*NET 27.2 tasks → O*NET 31.0 occupation code
- 1 rated task is not in the O*NET 31.0 task list; its score is kept as published for O*NET 27.2.
- Source
- OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
- Release
- gh-main-0471612
- License
- MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI
Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.
| Task (O*NET 27.2) | βE1 + 0.5 × E2 |
|---|---|
Keep records of merchandise distributed and money collected.O*NET Task ID 13836 | 1.0 |
Record transaction information on forms or logs, and notify designated personnel of discrepancies.O*NET Task ID 13843 | 1.0 |
Maintain records of machine maintenance and repair.O*NET Task ID 13845 | 1.0 |
Order parts needed for machine repairs.O*NET Task ID 13848 | 1.0 |
Refer to manuals and wiring diagrams to gather information needed to repair machines.O*NET Task ID 13851 | 1.0 |
Prepare repair cost estimates.O*NET Task ID 13853 | 1.0 |
β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.
Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page
All O*NET 31.0 task statements (18)
All O*NET 31.0 task statements for this occupation (English, as published; task type core or supplemental). Exposure values are not listed here; they are in the table above, next to each task statement as worded in the O*NET version each source used.
| Task (O*NET 31.0) | Type |
|---|---|
| Fill machines with products, ingredients, money, and other supplies. | Core |
| Inspect machines and meters to determine causes of malfunctions and fix minor problems such as jammed bills or stuck products. | Core |
| Test machines to determine proper functioning. | Core |
| Clean and oil machine parts. | Core |
| Record transaction information on forms or logs, and notify designated personnel of discrepancies. | Core |
| Maintain records of machine maintenance and repair. | Core |
| Replace malfunctioning parts, such as worn magnetic heads on automatic teller machine (ATM) card readers. | Core |
| Adjust and repair coin, vending, or amusement machines and meters and replace defective mechanical and electrical parts, using hand tools, soldering irons, and diagrams. | Core |
| Order parts needed for machine repairs. | Core |
| Keep records of merchandise distributed and money collected. | Supplemental |
| Collect coins and bills from machines, prepare invoices, and settle accounts with concessionaires. | Supplemental |
| Make service calls to maintain and repair machines. | Supplemental |
| Contact other repair personnel or make arrangements for the removal of machines in cases where major repairs are required. | Supplemental |
| Adjust machine pressure gauges and thermostats. | Supplemental |
| Disassemble and assemble machines, according to specifications and using hand and power tools. | Supplemental |
| Install machines, making the necessary water and electrical connections in compliance with codes. | Supplemental |
| Refer to manuals and wiring diagrams to gather information needed to repair machines. | Supplemental |
| Transport machines to installation sites. | Supplemental |
0.44/ 3· Robot exposure index
Scale, basis and source
Each physical task is graded 0–3 by the setting in which robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated could do it (0 none · 1 purpose-built robot settings such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line · 2 structured facilities such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port · 3 unstructured settings such as a private home or a construction site), and the grades are averaged by share of working time
Physical tasks among this occupation's O*NET 29.3 tasks
Anthropic estimated the grades and time shares with Claude Opus 5 using web search, as of 2026.
The robot exposure index is a different measure from the AI exposure figures on this site and cannot be added to or compared with them. It does not measure actual adoption or cost, and 0 also covers occupations with no physical tasks.
Tier of each physical task
Robot environment tiers (E0–E3)
E0 noneDetails
Rated not doable by robots that have been deployed, sold or demonstrated, even in a purpose-built setting
E1 purpose-built robot settingsDetails
Rated doable in a setting built around the machine, such as a fenced machine cell or a bottling line
E2 structured facilitiesDetails
Rated doable in a human work facility that an institution keeps to a working standard, such as a hospital pharmacy or a container port
E3 unstructured settingsDetails
Rated doable in a setting that no institution keeps to a working standard, such as a private home or a construction site
Only tasks classified as physical are listed; other tasks have no tier in the source.
| Task (O*NET 29.3) | Robot environment tier |
|---|---|
| Fill machines with products, ingredients, money, and other supplies. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Inspect machines and meters to determine causes of malfunctions and fix minor problems such as jammed bills or stuck products. | E0 none |
| Test machines to determine proper functioning. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Clean and oil machine parts. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Replace malfunctioning parts, such as worn magnetic heads on automatic teller machine (ATM) card readers. | E0 none |
| Adjust and repair coin, vending, or amusement machines and meters and replace defective mechanical and electrical parts, using hand tools, soldering irons, and diagrams. | E0 none |
| Collect coins and bills from machines, prepare invoices, and settle accounts with concessionaires. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Make service calls to maintain and repair machines. | E0 none |
| Adjust machine pressure gauges and thermostats. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Disassemble and assemble machines, according to specifications and using hand and power tools. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Install machines, making the necessary water and electrical connections in compliance with codes. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
| Transport machines to installation sites. | E1 purpose-built robot settings |
Occupation information
Employment outlook (BLS)
- Employment, 2025
- 35K
- Projected employment, 2035
- 34K
- Change (2025–35)
- -3.4%
- Median annual wage, 2025
- $47,450
- Typical education needed for entry
- High school diploma or equivalent
Korea classification links (KSCO)
Links from the current release of the Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1, made by AI Changing Work. Relation values are read from the O*NET-SOC occupation side.
| KSCO code | KSCO title | Relation | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| 76199 | 그 외 전기·전자기기 설치 및 수리원 | This occupation is narrower | confirmed |
| 99220 | 자동판매기 관리원 | Overlapping, not the same | confirmed |
Relation and status definitions(kr-direct v1.1)
ILO occupational description
AI Changing Work links the ISCO-08 unit groups below to this occupation by applying the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics crosswalks (2018 SOC to 2010 SOC, 2010 SOC to ISCO-08) as published, without case-by-case selection; each link may be whole or partial.
- ISCO-08 9623Meter Readers and Vending-machine Collectors
The definition, tasks and examples below are the ILO's description of that unit group, not of this occupation.
Meter readers and vending-machine collectors stock vending machines and collect money from them or from parking meters and other coin-boxes, or read electricity, gas or water meters.
Tasks
- (a) filling storage areas of vending machines and collecting money from their containers;
- (b) collecting money from parking meters and similar coinboxes;
- (c) reading electricity, gas or water meters and recording consumption;
- (d) keeping records of merchandise distributed and money collected;
- (e) proceeding along established routes to take readings of meter dials;
- (f) verifying readings in cases where consumption appears to be abnormal, and record possible reasons for fluctuations;
- (g) inspecting meters for unauthorized connections, defects and damage such as broken seals.
Example occupations
Meter reader · Vending machine collector
Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits
ESCO occupational vocabulary
Each entry below is matched to this occupation in the published ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk (version 1, 2022). The match types are that crosswalk's; the wording is AI Changing Work's.
- vending machine operatorESCO 9623.2This occupation is narrower
Vending machine operators remove cash, conduct visual inspections of the machine, provide basic maintenance and refill goods sold for vending and other coin-operated machines.
- ATM repair technicianESCO 7421.1Overlapping, not the same
ATM repair technicians install, diagnose, maintain and repair automatic teller machines. They travel to their clients' location to provide their services. ATM repair technicians use hand tools and software to fix malfunctioning money distributors.
Source: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)
License: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)
ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.
France classification links (ROME)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and ROME 4.0 job profiles, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side. Links marked “provisional” were adopted on the judgments of two judges from the same model family (Claude) alone, or by an operator rule applied to their judgments, so they rest on weaker evidence than confirmed links.
| ROME code | ROME title (French) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| I1303 | Technicien / Technicienne de maintenance de distributeurs automatiques | Same scope |
Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.
ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)
Spain classification links (CNO-11)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and CNO-11 occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| CNO-11 code | CNO-11 title (Spanish) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 7531 | Mecánicos y reparadores de equipos electrónicos | This occupation is narrowerprovisional |
| 9434 | Lectores de contadores y recaudadores de máquinas recreativas y expendedoras | Related, not a matchprovisional |
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)
Germany classification links (KldB)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and KldB occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| KldB code | KldB title (German) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 25132 | Technische Servicekräfte in Wartung und Instandhaltung - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten | This occupation is narrower |
| 61142 | Kaufleute im Automatenservice - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten | Overlapping, not the same |
Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)
Japan classification links (JSCO)
AI Changing Work's links between this occupation and JSCO occupations, judged with AI models. Relations are read from this occupation's side.
| JSCO code | JSCO title (Japanese) | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| 551 | はん用・生産用・業務用機械器具整備・修理従事者 | This occupation is narrower |
| 552 | 電気機械器具整備・修理従事者 | Related, not a match |
Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.
(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)
Sources, licenses and AI Changing Work's modification and translation notices for this page: Credits & sources