Firefighters

Protective Service

AI exposure

  • Data source: BLSPublished: '26.08

    Low· relative

    LowFour relative bandsVery high

    Group-level value

    Scale, basis and source

    Four relative bands (Low / Moderate / High / Very high)

    831 detailed occupations in the BLS Employment Projections table. Assigned per National Employment Matrix (NEM) code, so occupations sharing a NEM code carry the same band

    Source dataset (XLSX download)

  • Data source: AnthropicPublished: '26.03

    0.000

    0.000Range of values carried here0.745
    Scale, basis and source

    Observed exposure index, 0–1 as published

    Mapped onto O*NET tasks

    Source dataset

  • Data source: ILOPublished: '25

    0.18

    0.09Range of values carried here0.70

    Group-level value

    Scale, basis and source

    Generative AI exposure index, 0–1 as published

    ISCO-08 unit group — every occupation sharing the code gets this value

    Computed by this site, not published by the ILO: of the 1,012 occupations this site links to the ILO dataset, 90% score at or above this value.

    Source dataset

What kind of figure this source publishes

The BLS category is a relative rank, not an absolute level, and it is not a first-hand measurement: it groups an occupation's percentile ranks across several published studies into four bands. It is not an employment or wage forecast, not a probability of adoption, and it does not separate automation from augmentation.

Task-level exposure

Exposed tasks only

Values in this tab are predicted labels, not observations. Eloundou et al. (2023) published two rating regimes — human raters and GPT-4 — and the β shown here is derived from the GPT-4 rater basis alone; the same task can take a different value under the other regime. The unit and the meaning differ from the observed shares (%) in the other tabs, so do not place them on the same axis.

TaskβE1 + 0.5 × E2
Assess fires and situations and report conditions to superiors to receive instructions, using two-way radios.

O*NET Task ID 22963

1.0
Maintain contact with fire dispatchers at all times to notify them of the need for additional firefighters and supplies, or to detail any difficulties encountered.

O*NET Task ID 22971

1.0
Prepare written reports that detail specifics of fire incidents.

O*NET Task ID 22977

1.0
Inspect fire sites after flames have been extinguished to ensure that there is no further danger.

O*NET Task ID 22968

0.5
Inform and educate the public on fire prevention.

O*NET Task ID 22980

0.5
Rescue victims from burning buildings, accident sites, and water hazards.

O*NET Task ID 22961

0.0
Dress with equipment such as fire-resistant clothing and breathing apparatus.

O*NET Task ID 22962

0.0
Move toward the source of a fire, using knowledge of types of fires, construction design, building materials, and physical layout of properties.

O*NET Task ID 22964

0.0
Respond to fire alarms and other calls for assistance, such as automobile and industrial accidents.

O*NET Task ID 22965

0.0
Create openings in buildings for ventilation or entrance, using axes, chisels, crowbars, electric saws, or core cutters.

O*NET Task ID 22966

0.0
Drive and operate fire fighting vehicles and equipment.

O*NET Task ID 22967

0.0
Position and climb ladders to gain access to upper levels of buildings, or to rescue individuals from burning structures.

O*NET Task ID 22969

0.0
Select and attach hose nozzles, depending on fire type, and direct streams of water or chemicals onto fires.

O*NET Task ID 22970

0.0
Collaborate with other firefighters as a member of a firefighting crew.

O*NET Task ID 22972

0.0
Patrol burned areas after fires to locate and eliminate hot spots that may restart fires.

O*NET Task ID 22973

0.0
Collaborate with police to respond to accidents, disasters, and arson investigation calls.

O*NET Task ID 22974

0.0
Participate in fire drills and demonstrations of fire fighting techniques.

O*NET Task ID 22975

0.0
Maintain knowledge of current firefighting practices by participating in drills and by attending seminars, conventions, and conferences.

O*NET Task ID 22976

0.0
Participate in physical training activities to maintain a high level of physical fitness.

O*NET Task ID 22978

0.0
Protect property from water and smoke, using waterproof salvage covers, smoke ejectors, and deodorants.

O*NET Task ID 22979

0.0
Salvage property by removing broken glass, pumping out water, and ventilating buildings to remove smoke.

O*NET Task ID 22981

0.0
Orient self in relation to fire, using compass and map, and collect supplies and equipment dropped by parachute.

O*NET Task ID 22982

0.0
Clean and maintain fire stations and fire fighting equipment and apparatus.

O*NET Task ID 22983

0.0
Inspect buildings for fire hazards and compliance with fire prevention ordinances, testing and checking smoke alarms and fire suppression equipment as necessary.

O*NET Task ID 22984

0.0
Take action to contain any hazardous chemicals that could catch fire, leak, or spill.

O*NET Task ID 22985

0.0
Extinguish flames and embers to suppress fires, using shovels or engine- or hand-driven water or chemical pumps.

O*NET Task ID 22986

0.0
Administer first aid and cardiopulmonary resuscitation to injured persons or provide emergency medical care such as basic or advanced life support.

O*NET Task ID 22987

0.0
Operate pumps connected to high-pressure hoses.

O*NET Task ID 22988

0.0
Search to locate fire victims.

O*NET Task ID 22989

0.0
Train new employees to control and suppress fires.

O*NET Task ID 22990

0.0

β = E1 + 0.5 × E2 · E1 = tasks where direct LLM access alone cuts time by at least 50%, E2 = tasks where software built on top of an LLM cuts time by at least 50%. Values take only 0 / 0.5 / 1.0.

Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page

Occupation information