Construction Laborers

Construction and Extraction Occupations
O*NET-SOC 代码
47-2061.00

Perform tasks involving physical labor at construction sites. May operate hand and power tools of all types: air hammers, earth tampers, cement mixers, small mechanical hoists, surveying and measuring equipment, and a variety of other equipment and instruments. May clean and prepare sites, dig trenches, set braces to support the sides of excavations, erect scaffolding, and clean up rubble, debris, and other waste materials. May assist other craft workers.

  • 数据来源: BLS发布时间: 2026-08

    低· 相对

    低四级相对区间很高

    职业群单位数值

    尺度 · 母数 · 来源

    四级相对类别（低 / 中等 / 高 / 很高）

    以BLS就业预测表中831个细分职业为基数。取值按 NEM（全国就业矩阵）代码给定，因此共用同一 NEM 代码的职业得到相同分档

    来源数据集（XLSX 文件下载）

  • 数据来源: Anthropic发布时间: 2026-03

    0.028

    0.000此处所载数值的范围0.745
    尺度 · 母数 · 来源

    观测暴露度指数，按发布原值0–1

    以O*NET任务映射为基准

    按 SOC 2018 职业发布的数值；具有相同 SOC 2018 代码的所有 O*NET 职业均显示此值

    来源数据集（CSV 文件下载）

  • 数据来源: ILO发布时间: 2025

    0.09

    0.09此处所载数值的范围0.70

    职业群单位数值

    尺度 · 母数 · 来源

    生成式AI暴露度指数，按发布原值0–1

    按 ISCO-08 细类（4 位）发布的数值。按原样应用美国劳工统计局（BLS）的官方对照表（ISCO-08→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→2018 SOC）关联到本职业，对应关系为全部或部分对应

    来源数据集（PDF 文件下载）

该来源发布的是什么性质的数值

BLS的类别是相对排位而非绝对水平，也不是一手测量：它把多项已发表研究给出的职业百分位排名归并为四个等级。它不是就业或工资预测，不是采用概率，也不区分自动化与增强。

Task-level exposure

仅显示有暴露的工作

已评分任务 32 项 · β ≥ 0.5 的任务 2 项（6.3%）

β = 直接暴露（E1）+ 0.5 × 借助工具时的暴露（E2），依据原始代码库的定义。

  • 原始单位：O*NET 27.2 任务 → O*NET 31.0 职业代码
  • 已评分任务中有 5 项不在 O*NET 31.0 任务列表中，其分数按 O*NET 27.2 的发布值保留。
来源
OpenAI "GPTs are GPTs" exposure rubric
版本
gh-main-0471612
许可
MIT License, Copyright (c) 2024 OpenAI
Task (O*NET 20.1)Claude.aiRaw / share %APIRaw / share %
Read plans, instructions, or specifications to determine work activities.

47-2061.00

0.0022100.00.0065100.0
Not observed on any surface — 32 task(s) — These tasks have no row in the source for this release. The 0 in the share row is a display-stage composition ratio; absence is what the — in the raw row states.
Clean or prepare construction sites to eliminate possible hazards.
—0—0
Control traffic passing near, in, or around work zones.
—0—0
Signal equipment operators to facilitate alignment, movement, or adjustment of machinery, equipment, or materials.
—0—0
Dig ditches or trenches, backfill excavations, or compact and level earth to grade specifications, using picks, shovels, pneumatic tampers, or rakes.
—0—0
Measure, mark, or record openings or distances to layout areas where construction work will be performed.
—0—0
Load, unload, or identify building materials, machinery, or tools, distributing them to the appropriate locations, according to project plans or specifications.
—0—0
Erect or dismantle scaffolding, shoring, braces, traffic barricades, ramps, or other temporary structures.
—0—0
Position or dismantle forms for pouring concrete, using saws, hammers, nails, or bolts.
—0—0
Lubricate, clean, or repair machinery, equipment, or tools.
—0—0
Operate jackhammers or drills to break up concrete or pavement.
—0—0
Smooth or finish freshly poured cement or concrete, using floats, trowels, screeds, or powered cement finishing tools.
—0—0
Provide assistance to craft workers, such as carpenters, plasterers, or masons.
—0—0
Tend pumps, compressors, or generators to provide power for tools, machinery, or equipment or to heat or move materials, such as asphalt.
—0—0
Mix, pour, or spread concrete, using portable cement mixers.
—0—0
Position, join, align, or seal structural components, such as concrete wall sections or pipes.
—0—0
Operate or maintain air monitoring or other sampling devices in confined or hazardous environments.
—0—0
Install sewer, water, or storm drain pipes, using pipe-laying machinery or laser guidance equipment.
—0—0
Transport or set explosives for tunnel, shaft, or road construction.
—0—0
Mop, brush, or spread paints, cleaning solutions, or other compounds over surfaces to clean them or to provide protection.
—0—0
Place, consolidate, or protect case-in-place concrete or masonry structures.
—0—0
Identify, pack, or transport hazardous or radioactive materials.
—0—0
Use computers or other input devices to control robotic pipe cutters or cleaners.
—0—0
Grind, scrape, sand, or polish surfaces such as concrete, marble, terrazzo, or wood flooring, using abrasive tools or machines.
—0—0
Tend machines that pump concrete, grout, cement, sand, plaster, or stucco through spray guns for application to ceilings or walls.
—0—0
Mix ingredients to create compounds for covering or cleaning surfaces.
—0—0
Raze buildings or salvage useful materials.
—0—0
Spray materials such as water, sand, steam, vinyl, paint, or stucco through hoses to clean, coat, or seal surfaces.
—0—0
Apply caulking compounds by hand or caulking guns to protect against entry of water or air.
—0—0
Apply weather-stripping to reduce energy loss.
—0—0
Perform building weatherization tasks, such as repairing windows, adding insulation, or applying weather-stripping materials.
—0—0
Perform construction laborer duties at green building sites, such as renewable energy plants or wind turbine installations.
—0—0
Perform site activities required of green certified construction practices, such as implementing waste management procedures, identifying materials for reuse, or installing erosion or sedimentation control mechanisms.
—0—0

Data sources & licenses — O*NET®, Anthropic Economic Index, Eloundou et al. (2023): see full notices on the Credits page

O*NET 31.0 全部任务（27 项）

本职业在 O*NET 31.0 中的全部任务（英文原文；任务类型为核心或补充）。暴露值不列在此清单中，而在上方表格里，位于各来源所用 O*NET 版本的任务表述旁。

任务（O*NET 31.0）类型
Clean or prepare construction sites to eliminate possible hazards.核心
Read plans, instructions, or specifications to determine work activities.核心
Signal equipment operators to facilitate alignment, movement, or adjustment of machinery, equipment, or materials.核心
Dig ditches or trenches, backfill excavations, or compact and level earth to grade specifications, using picks, shovels, pneumatic tampers, or rakes.核心
Measure, mark, or record openings or distances to layout areas where construction work will be performed.核心
Load, unload, or identify building materials, machinery, or tools, distributing them to the appropriate locations, according to project plans or specifications.核心
Lubricate, clean, or repair machinery, equipment, or tools.核心
Tend pumps, compressors, or generators to provide power for tools, machinery, or equipment or to heat or move materials, such as asphalt.核心
Control traffic passing near, in, or around work zones.补充
Position, join, align, or seal structural components, such as concrete wall sections or pipes.补充
Erect or dismantle scaffolding, shoring, braces, traffic barricades, ramps, or other temporary structures.补充
Position or dismantle forms for pouring concrete, using saws, hammers, nails, or bolts.补充
Operate jackhammers or drills to break up concrete or pavement.补充
Smooth or finish freshly poured cement or concrete, using floats, trowels, screeds, or powered cement finishing tools.补充
Operate or maintain air monitoring or other sampling devices in confined or hazardous environments.补充
Install sewer, water, or storm drain pipes, using pipe-laying machinery or laser guidance equipment.补充
Provide assistance to craft workers, such as carpenters, plasterers, or masons.补充
Mop, brush, or spread paints, cleaning solutions, or other compounds over surfaces to clean them or to provide protection.补充
Place, consolidate, or protect case-in-place concrete or masonry structures.补充
Mix, pour, or spread concrete, using portable cement mixers.补充
Grind, scrape, sand, or polish surfaces, such as concrete, marble, terrazzo, or wood flooring, using abrasive tools or machines.补充
Tend machines that pump concrete, grout, cement, sand, plaster, or stucco through spray guns for application to ceilings or walls.补充
Mix ingredients to create compounds for covering or cleaning surfaces.补充
Raze buildings or salvage useful materials.补充
Spray materials, such as water, sand, steam, vinyl, paint, or stucco, through hoses to clean, coat, or seal surfaces.补充
Apply caulking compounds by hand or caulking guns to protect against entry of water or air.补充
Perform site activities required of green certified construction practices, such as implementing waste management procedures, identifying materials for reuse, or installing erosion or sedimentation control mechanisms.补充

职业信息

就业展望（BLS）

就业人数，2025
1.5M
预计就业人数，2035
1.6M
变化 (2025–35)
+7.3%
年薪中位数，2025
$47,120
入职通常所需学历
No formal educational credential
最低 $30,890BLS EP 2025–35 中 825 个细分职业的工资中位数范围最高 $559,030

来源: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment Projections 2025–35 — Employment by detailed occupation, 2025 and projected 2035

韩国职业分类关联（KSCO）

来自 AI Changing Work 制作的 Korea Occupation Direct Crosswalk v1.1 当前版本的关联。关系值从 O*NET-SOC 职业一侧解读。

KSCO 代码KSCO 名称关系状态
91001건설 단순 종사원范围相同已确认
78291비계공本职业范围更宽已确认
78293건물 해체원本职业范围更宽已确认

关系与状态的定义(kr-direct v1.1)

国际劳工组织（ILO）职业说明

以下 ISCO-08 职业组由 AI Changing Work 原样套用美国劳工统计局（BLS）发布的对照表（2018 SOC→2010 SOC、2010 SOC→ISCO-08）、不逐案取舍，与本职业相关联；每项关联可能是完全对应，也可能是部分对应。

  • ISCO-08 9313Building Construction Labourers

    房屋建筑辅助工

自行翻译

自行翻译 · 非 ISCO 官方词汇 — 未经国际劳工组织审核。

以下定义、任务和职业示例是 ILO 对该 ISCO-08 职业组的描述，而不是对本职业的描述。

Building construction labourers perform routine tasks in connection with building construction and demolition work.

任务

  • (a) cleaning used building bricks and doing other simple work on demolition sites;
  • (b) mixing, pouring and spreading materials such as concrete, plaster and mortar;
  • (c) digging and filling holes and trenches using hand held tools;
  • (d) spreading sand, soil, gravel and similar materials;
  • (e) loading and unloading construction materials, excavated material and equipment and transporting them around construction sites using wheelbarrows, hods and hand trucks;
  • (f) cleaning work sites and removing obstructions.

职业示例

Bricklayer's assistant · Construction labourer (building work) · Demolition labourer · Hod carrier

Sources: ILO ISCO-08 — details: Credits

ESCO 职业词汇

以下每一项都是在已公开的ESCO-O*NET Crosswalk（第 1 版，2022 年）中与本职业逐项对应的。对应类型出自该对照表；表述出自 AI Changing Work。

  • building construction workerESCO 9313.1本职业范围更宽

    Building construction workers prepare and maintain building construction activities on construction sites. They perform preparation and clean-up work in order to assist specialised construction workers.

  • civil engineering workerESCO 9312.1本职业范围更宽

    Civil engineering workers perform tasks concerning the cleaning and preparation of construction sites for civil engineering projects. This includes the work on building and maintenance of roads, railways and dams.

  • concrete finisherESCO 7114.1本职业范围更宽

    Concrete finishers work with binding agents like cement and concrete. They put up any removable forms and pour concrete into the forms. They then execute one or several actions to finish the concrete: cutting, screeding or levelling, compacting, smoothing, and chamfering to prevent chipping.

  • demolition workerESCO 7119.2本职业范围更宽

    Demolition workers operate equipment to demolish structures. They safely destroy buildings and remove the debris to permit the site to be used for a different purpose.

  • road construction workerESCO 8342.6本职业范围更宽

    Road construction workers perform road construction on earthworks, substructure works and the pavement section of the road. They cover the compacted soil with one or more layers. Road construction workers usually lay a stabilising bed of sand or clay first before adding asphalt or concrete slabs in order to finish a road.

来源: European Commission, DG EMPL — ESCO API 2026-08-08 (bridge v1.2.1)

许可: CC BY 4.0 (EU Reuse Notice)

查看原文

ESCO reuse terms and the modification notice are in Credits.

法国职业分类关联（ROME）

本职业与 ROME 4.0 职业条目（fiche）之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。标为「暂定」的关联仅凭同一模型系列（Claude）两位判定者的判定采纳，或对其判定适用运营方规则后采纳，因此其依据弱于已确认的关联。

ROME 代码ROME 名称（法语）关系
F1704Manœuvre du Bâtiment et des Travaux Publics范围相同
F1505Echafaudeur / Echafaudeuse本职业范围更宽
F1709Démolisseur / Démolisseuse相关，但不对应
I1501Opérateur / Opératrice cordiste相关，但不对应
I1511Technicien / Technicienne cordiste相关，但不对应

Source: France Travail — Répertoire Opérationnel des Métiers et des Emplois (ROME 4.0), version 61, last updated 15 June 2026 (https://www.data.gouv.fr/datasets/repertoire-operationnel-des-metiers-et-des-emplois-rome). Licence Ouverte 2.0.

ROME codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET-SOC occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a France Travail correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: fr-direct v1)

西班牙职业分类关联（CNO-11）

本职业与 CNO-11 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。

CNO-11 代码CNO-11 名称（西班牙语）关系
9601Peones de obras públicas本职业范围更宽暂定
9602Peones de la construcción de edificios本职业范围更宽暂定
7112Montadores de prefabricados estructurales (sólo hormigón)相关，但不对应暂定
7199Otros trabajadores de las obras estructurales de construcción no clasificados bajo otros epígrafes相关，但不对应暂定

Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-11, Royal Decree 1591/2010) — www.ine.es · Licensed CC BY 4.0. CNO-11 codes and Spanish titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not an INE correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: es-direct v1)

德国职业分类关联（KldB）

本职业与 KldB 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。

KldB 代码KldB 名称（德语）关系
32101Berufe im Hochbau (ohne Spezialisierung) - Helfer-/Anlerntätigkeiten本职业范围更宽
32201Berufe im Tiefbau (ohne Spezialisierung) - Helfer-/Anlerntätigkeiten本职业范围更宽
33301Berufe im Aus- und Trockenbau (ohne Spezialisierung) - Helfer-/Anlerntätigkeiten本职业范围更宽
32162Berufe im Gerüstbau - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten本职业范围更宽暂定
32202Berufe im Tiefbau (ohne Spezialisierung) - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten本职业范围更宽暂定
31152Berufe in der Bauwerkserhaltung und -erneuerung - fachlich ausgerichtete Tätigkeiten相关，但不对应

Source: © Statistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Klassifikation der Berufe 2010 – überarbeitete Fassung 2020, https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. KldB codes and titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own mapping (eigene Zuordnung) and are not a Bundesagentur für Arbeit correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: de-direct v1)

日本职业分类关联（JSCO）

本职业与 JSCO 职业之间的关联，由 AI Changing Work 借助 AI 模型判定。关系从本职业一侧解读。

JSCO 代码JSCO 名称（日语）关系
681土木従事者本职业范围更窄
652とび職相关，但不对应
739その他の運搬・清掃・包装等従事者相关，但不对应
683ダム・トンネル掘削従事者相关，但不对应暂定

Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan Standard Occupational Classification (Dec. 2009, MIC Notification No. 555). JSCO codes and Japanese titles are reproduced unchanged; the links to O*NET occupations are AI Changing Work's own judgment and are not a MIC correspondence.

(AI Changing Work link release: jp-direct v1)

本页数据的来源与许可，以及 AI Changing Work 的修改与翻译说明：致谢与来源